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Passivation remediation of weakly alkaline Cd-contaminated soils using combined treatments of biochar and sepiolite

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 40-52页

作者： Yuxin Zhang Shan Gao Hongtao Jia Tao sun Shunan Zheng Shihang Wu Yuebing sun Key Laboratory of Original AgroEnvironmental Pollution Prevention and Control Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety Agro–Environmental Protection InstituteMARA College of Resources and Environment Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University Rural Energy and Environment Agency Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Background Cadmium(Cd) pollution in agricultural soils has become a priority environmental concern globally. A reasonable application of passivators is critical to address the problem. In this study, we examined the remediation effects of rice husk biochar(r BC) and sepiolite(Sep) as single and combined(r BC + Sep) treatments on Cd pollution in a weakly alkaline soil using three maize cultivars(Liyu 16, Zhengdan 958, and Sanbei 218) as test crops. We also explained the mechanisms involved in the remediation *** The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Langmuir model could well describe the adsorption process of r BC + Sep for Cd2+. Compared with the control treatment(ck), soil available Cd concentration decreased by 29.51–36.34% under r BC + Sep treatment(p 0.05).Conclusions The application of 0.2% r BC + 0.5% Sep composite passivation material to weakly alkaline Cd-contaminated soil can effectively reduce the Cd concentration of soil and maize.

关键词： Cd Rice husk biochar Sepiolite Passivation restoration Weakly alkaline soil Maize

Application of controlled-release urea increases maize N uptake,environmental benefits and economic returns via optimizing temporal and spatial distributions of soil mineral N

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 222-235页

作者： Mingxue sun Juan LI Lili ZHANG Xiaomeng SU Ning LIU Xiaori HAN Songjiang WU Zhentao sun Xiangdong YANG Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and FertilizerMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China Agricultural Development Service Center of Zhuanghe Zhuanghe 116499China Agricultural Technology Extension Center Wafangdian 116300China College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 100866China

The creation of controlled-release urea (CRU) is a potent substitute for conventional fertilizers in order to preserve the availability of nitrogen (N) in soil,prevent environmental pollution,and move toward green *** main objectives of this study were to assess the impacts of CRU’s full application on maize production and to clarify the connection between the nutrient release pattern of CRU and maize nutrient *** order to learn more about the effects of CRU application on maize yields,N uptake,mineral N (N_(min)) dynamics,N balance in soil-crop systems,and economic returns,a series of field experiments were carried out in 2018–2020 in Dalian City,Liaoning Province,*** were 4 different treatments in the experiments:no N fertilizer input (control,ck);application of common urea at 210 kg ha^(-1)(U),the ideal fertilization management level for the study site;application of polyurethane-coated urea at the same N input rate as U (PCU);and application of PCU at a 20% reduction in N input rate (0.8PCU).Our findings showed that using CRU (i.e.,PCU and 0.8 PCU) may considerably increase maize N absorption,maintain maize yields,and increase N use efficiency (NUE) compared to *** grain yield showed considerable positive correlations with total N uptake in leaf in U and 0.8 PCU,but negative correlations with that in PCU,indicating that PCU caused excessive maize absorption while 0.8 PCU could achieve a better yield response to N ***,PCU was able to maintain N fertilizer in the soil profile 0–20 cm away from the fertilization point,and higher N_(min)content was observed in the 0–20 cm soil layer at various growth stages,particularly at the middle and late growing stages,optimizing the temporal and spatial distributions of N_(min).Additionally,compared to that in U,the apparent N loss rate in PCU was reduced by 36.2%,and applying CRU (PCU and 0.8 PCU) increased net profit by 8.5% to 15.2% with less labor and fertilization *** was co

关键词： apparent N loss fertilization management green agriculture maize yield N balance N use efficiency

Straw addition increases enzyme activities and microbial carbon metabolism activities in bauxite residue

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 332-344页

作者： Hao Wu Wei sun Feng Zhu Yifan Jiang Shiwei Huang Johnvie Goloran Shengguo Xue School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Environment and Science Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Recovery of microbial functions is one of the critical processes in the nutrient cycling of bauxite residue for improving *** is considered to be effective to increase microbial diversity and drive the development of the microbial community,but its effect on microbial carbon metabolism has not been *** present study evaluated the effects of phosphogypsum(PG),straw(SF)and phosphogypsum plus straw(PGSF)on physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and microbial carbon metabolism activities in bauxite *** 180 days incubation,PG,SF and PGSF treatment significantly reduced the residue pH from 10.85 to 8.64,9.39 and 8.06,*** to ck treatment,SF treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon(TOC)and organic carbon fractions(DOC,MBC,EOC,and POC).In addition,straw addition significantly increased glucosidase,cellulose,urease,and alkaline phosphatase by 7.2-9.1 times,5.8-7.1 times,11.1-12.5 times,and 1.1-2.2 times,*** Biolog results showed that straw addition significantly increased microbial metabolic activity(AWCD)and diversity in bauxite *** analysis indicated total nitrogen(TN)and carbon fractions(POC,MBC and DOC)were the most important environmental factors affecting microbial metabolic activity and diversity in bauxite *** findings provided us with a biogeochemical perspective to reveal soil formation in bauxite residue and suggested that nutrient supplement and regulation of salinity-alkalinity benefit the establishment of microbial communities and functions in bauxite residue.

关键词： Bauxite residue Labile organic carbon fractions Enzyme activities Community-level physiological profiles Soil formation in bauxite residue

Low Selenium and Low Protein Exacerbate Myocardial Damage in Keshan Disease by Affecting the PINK1/Parkin-mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy Pathway

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 93-101页

作者： Li-wei ZHANG Hong-qi FENG Song-bo FU Dian-jun sun Center for Endemic Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionHarbin Medical UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology(Harbin Medical University)Key Lab of Etiology and EpidemiologyEducation Bureau of Heilongjiang ProvinceHarbin 150086China

Objective Keshan disease(KD)is a myocardial mitochondrial disease closely related to insufficient selenium(Se)and protein *** induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin mediated mitochondrial autophagy regulates various physiological and pathological processes in the *** study aimed to elucidate the relationship between PINK1/Parkin-regulated mitochondrial autophagy and KD-related myocardial *** A low Se and low protein animal model was *** hundred Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(control group,low Se group,low protein group,low Se+low protein group,and corn from KD area group).The JC-1 method was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP).ELISA was used to detect serum creatine kinase MB(ck-MB),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),and mitochondrial-glutamicoxalacetic transaminase(M-GOT)***-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of PINK1,Parkin,sequestome 1(P62),and microtubule-associated proteins1A/1B light chain 3B(MAP1LC3B).Results The MMP was significantly decreased and the activity of ck-MB,cTnI,and M-GOT significantly increased in each experimental group(low Se group,low protein group,low Se+low protein group and corn from KD area group)compared with the control group(P<0.05 for all).The mRNA and protein expression levels of PINK1,Parkin and MAP1LC3B were profoundly increased,and those of P62 markedly decreased in the experimental groups compared with the control group(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion Low Se and low protein levels exacerbate myocardial damage in KD by affecting the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy pathway.

关键词： Keshan disease low selenium and low protein myocardial mitochondrial injury PTEN induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin mitochondrial autophagy

Can soil organic carbon sequestration and the carbon management index be improved by changing the film mulching methods in the semiarid region?

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1541-1556页

作者： Jialin Yang Liangqi Ren Nanhai Zhang Enke Liu Shikun sun Xiaolong Ren Zhikuan Jia Ting Wei Peng Zhang College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AfairsNorthwest A&FUniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Plastic film mulching has been widely used to increase maize yield in the semiarid area of ***, whether long-term plastic film mulching is conducive to agricultural sustainability in this region remains controversial.A field experiment was initiated in 2013 with five different film mulching methods:(i) control method, flat planting without mulching (ck),(ii) flat planting with half film mulching (P),(iii) film mulching on ridges and planting in narrow furrows(S),(iv) full film mulching on double ridges (D), and (v) film mulching on ridges and planting in wide furrows (R).The effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, storage, and fractions, and on the carbon management index (CMI)were evaluated after nine consecutive years of plastic film *** results showed that long-term plastic film mulching generally maintained the initial SOC *** with no mulching, plastic film mulching increased the average crop yield, biomass yield, and root biomass by 48.38, 35.06, and 37.32%, respectively, which led to the improvement of SOC ***, plastic film mulching significantly improved CMI, and increased the SOC content by 13.59%, SOC storage by 7.47%and easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) by 13.78%on average,but it reduced the other labile *** sequestration and CMI were improved by refining the plastic film mulching *** S treatment had the best effect among the four mulching methods, so it can be used as a reasonable film mulching method for sustainable agricultural development in the semiarid area.

关键词： plastic film mulching soil organic carbon labile organic carbon fractions semiarid area

Straw return decreases polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) accumulation in winter wheat and human health risk by enhancing PAH dissipation in rhizosphere soil

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 699-708页

作者： Jun CAI He ZHANG Xiangyao WU Yifan LIU Yunmei WU Jinfeng WANG Chuangye ZHANG Benhua sun Fuyong WU College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture

Straw return in situ, a common agronomic measure in China, has been widely used not only to increase crop yields and improve soil nutrients but also to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from agricultural soils. Nevertheless, the safety risks of food crops(i.e., human health risk of wheat grains) grown in PAHs-contaminated agricultural soils amended with crop straw remain uncertain. A pot experiment was conducted in a PAHs-contaminated agricultural soil cultivated with winter wheat under different ratios of corn straw addition(0%(control, ck), 1%, 2.5%, and 5%, weight/weight). Results showed that corn straw addition significantly(P ck, whereas the transfer factors of PAHs from roots to straws were significantly(P < 0.05) increased. A correlation heatmap showed that PAH concentrations in roots, straws, and grains were positively(P < 0.01) correlated with those in rhizosphere soil. These indicated that corn straw decreased PAH accumulation in winter wheat due to the increase of PAH dissipation in the rhizosphere soil, although it enhanced PAH transfer in winter wheat. The incremental lifetime cancer risk(ILCR) model indicated that corn straw significantly(P < 0.05) decreased the human health risk of winter wheat grains by 29.73%–45.05%. Overall, corn straw apparently reduced PAH accumulation in winter wheat, ecological risk, and human health risk via enhancing PAH dissipation in the rhizosphere soil. These findings provide an important scientific basis and theoretical guidance for agricultural safety production.

关键词： corn straw addition ecological risk food crops incremental lifetime cancer risk transfer factor

Increasing root-lower characteristics improves drought tolerance in cotton cultivars at the seedling stage

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2242-2254页

作者： Congcong Guo Hongchun sun Xiaoyuan Bao Lingxiao Zhu Yongjiang Zhang Ke Zhang Anchang Li Zhiying Bai Liantao Liu Cundong Li State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province/College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China

Drought is an important abiotic stress factor in cotton *** root system architecture(RSA)of cotton shows high plasticity which can alleviate drought-related stress under drought stress(DS)conditions;however,this alleviation is cultivar ***,this study estimated the genetic variability of RSA in cotton under *** the paper-based growth system,we assessed the RSA variability in 80 cotton cultivars at the seedling stage,with 0 and10%polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000)as the control(ck)and DS treatment,*** analysis of 23 aboveground and root traits in the 80 cotton cultivars revealed different responses to *** the 10th day after DS treatment,the degree of variation in the RSA traits under DS(5–55%)was greater than that of ck(5–49%).The 80 cultivars were divided into drought-tolerant cultivars(group 1),intermediate drought-tolerant cultivars(group 2),and drought-sensitive cultivars(group 3)based on their comprehensive evaluation values of drought *** DS,the root lengthlower,root area-lower,root volume-lower,and root length density-lower were significantly reduced by 63,71,76,and 4%in the drought-sensitive cultivars compared to ***,the drought-tolerant cultivars maintained their root lengthlower,root area-lower,root volume-lower,and root length density–lower *** to ck,the root diameter(0–2 mm)-lower increased by 21%in group 1 but decreased by 3 and 64%in groups 2 and 3,respectively,under ***,the drought-tolerant cultivars displayed a plastic response under DS that was characterized by an increase in the root-lower *** resistance was positively correlated with the root area-lower and root length ***,the RSA of the different cotton cultivars varied greatly under ***,important root traits,such as the root-lower traits,provide great insights for exploring whether drought-tolerant cotton cultivars can effectively withstand adverse environment

关键词： cotton root system architecture drought stress cultivars variability root-lower

PRRSV degrades MDA5 via dual autophagy receptors P62 and CCT2 to evade antiviral innate immunity

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 264-276页

作者： Ruiqi sun Yanyu Guo Lilin Zhang Huixia Zhang Boxuan Yin Xiaoyang Li Changyan Li Liu Yang Lei Zhang Zexing Li Jinhai Huang School of Life Sciences Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)is a major economically devastating pathogen that has evolved various strategies to evade innate *** of antiviral interferon largely promotes PRRSV immunoevasion by utilizing cytoplasmic melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5(MDA5),a receptor that senses viral *** this study,the downregulated transcription and expression levels of porcine MDA5 in PRRSV infection were observed,and the detailed mechanisms were *** found that the interaction between P62 and MDA5 is enhanced due to two factors:the phosphorylation modification of the autophagic receptor P62 by the upregulated kinase ck2αand the K63 ubiquitination of porcine MDA5 catalyzed by the E3 ubiquitinase TRIM21 in PRRSV-infected *** a result of these modifications,the classic P62-mediated autophagy is ***,porcine MDA5 interacts with the chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 2(CCT2),which is enhanced by PRRSV *** interaction promotes the aggregate formation and autophagic clearance of MDA5-CCT2-nsp3 independently of *** summary,enhanced MDA5 degradation occurs in PRRSV infection via two autophagic pathways:the binding of MDA5 with the autophagy receptor P62 and the aggrephagy receptor CCT2,leading to intense innate immune *** research reveals a novel mechanism of immune evasion in PRRSV infection and provides fundamental insights for the development of new vaccines or therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) nsp3 Autophagy MDA5

Reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2024年第1期2卷 38-49页

作者： Xue Feng Xiaolin Meng Dihong Tang Shuaiqingying Guo Qiuyue Liao Jing Chen Qin Xie Fengyuan Liu Yong Fang Chaoyang sun Yingyan Han Jihui Ai Kezhen Li Department of Gynecological Oncology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430000China National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology Cancer Biology Research Center(Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430000China Department of Gynecologic Oncology Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410000China

Background Immunotherapy favors patients with tumors;however,only 3-26.3%of patients with cervical cancer benefit from single-agent immune checkpoint *** immunotherapy and chemotherapy has been explored against tumor;however,the combination remains *** study aimed to investigate the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)and the effects of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)in cervical cancer to identify the clinical value of combining chemotherapy with *** Multiplex immunohistochemistry(IHC)with 11 markers(cluster of differentiation[CD]3,CD8,CD4,CD11c,CD68,forkhead box P3[Foxp3],programmed cell death 1[PD-1],programmed cell death 1 ligand 1[PD-L1],indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase[IDO],cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A[p16],and cytokeratin[ck])was performed to evaluate TIME from 108 matched pre-and post-NACT cervical cancer *** mechanism of antitumor immunity triggered by NACT was explored using RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)from four paired samples and subsequently verified in 41 samples using *** The infiltration rate of the CD8^(+)T cells in treatment-naive cervical cancer was 0.73%,and those of Foxp3^(+)regulatory T cells(Tregs)and IDO^(+)cells were 0.87%and 17.15%,***,immunoreactive T cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages were more in the stromal than the intratumor *** increased dendritic,CD3^(+)T,CD8^(+)T,and CD4^(+)T cells and decreased *** aforementioned alterations occurred predominantly in the stromal region and were primarily in ***-responders primarily showed decreased Tregs and no increase in CD8^(+)T or dendritic cell ***,dendritic cells interacted more closely with CD3^(+)T cells after NACT,an effect primarily observed in ***-seq data revealed activation of the antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway and upregulation of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)I and MHC II after chemotherapy,validated using ***

关键词： Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Cervical cancer Tumor immune microenvironment Spatial architecture CD8 Regulatory T cells