Soybean soapstock(SS) is one of the main solid wastes produced in the refinery of edible oil processing. In this study, the co-pyrolysis of SS with iron slag(IS) and aluminum scrap(AS) was carried out in a tubular fur...
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Soybean soapstock(SS) is one of the main solid wastes produced in the refinery of edible oil processing. In this study, the co-pyrolysis of SS with iron slag(IS) and aluminum scrap(AS) was carried out in a tubular furnace. The gas, liquid and solid products were characterized and the char yield decreased with increasing IS/AS ratio. IS and AS can improve the gas yield, and when the ratio of SS/IS was 1:0.25, the total pyrolysis gas and hydrogen contents were significantly increased. The content of oxygen compounds in pyrolysis oil decreased during co-pyrolysis, while AS promoted the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pyrolysis oil. The co-pyrolysis reaction can be divided into four stages, the mass loss rate reaches the maximum at the third stage(390–575 ℃). The molar ratio of H/C was lower for pyrolysis,indicating good stability of pyrolysis char owing to the high degree of carbonization and *** possible co-pyrolysis reaction mechanism was explored.
A compact and reconfigurable low noise amplifier(LNA)is proposed by combining an input transistor,composite transistors with Darlington configuration as the amplification and output transistor,T-type structure composi...
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A compact and reconfigurable low noise amplifier(LNA)is proposed by combining an input transistor,composite transistors with Darlington configuration as the amplification and output transistor,T-type structure composite resistors instead of a simplex structure resistor,a shunt inductor feedback realized by a tunable active inductor(AI),a shunt inductor peaking technique realized by another tunable *** division and collaboration among different resistances in the T-type structure composite resistor realize simultaneously input impedance matching,output impedance matching and good noise performance;the shunt feedback and peaking technique using two tunable AIs not only extend frequency bandwidth and improve gain flatness,but also make the gain and frequency band can be tuned simultaneously by the external bias of tunable AIs;the Darlington configuration of composite transistors provides high gain;furthermore,the adoption of the small size AIs instead of large size passive spiral inductor,and the use of composite resistors make the LNA have a small *** LNA is fabricated and verified by GaAs/InGaP hetero-junction bipolar transistor(HBT)*** results show that at the frequency of 7 GHz,the gain S_(21)is maximum and up to 19 dB;the S_(21)can be tuned from 17 dB to 19 dB by tuning external bias of tunable AIs,that is,the tunable amount of S_(21)is 2 dB,and similarly at 8 GHz;the tunable range of 3 dB bandwidth is 1 *** addition,the gain S_(21)flatness is better than 0.4 dB under frequency from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz;the size of the LNA only has 760μm×1260μm(including PADs).Therefore,the proposed strategies in the paper provide a new solution to the design of small size and reconfigurable ultra-wideband(UWB)LNA and can be used further to adjust the variations of gain and bandwidth of radio frequency integrated circuits(RFICs)due to package,parasitic and the variation of fabrication process and temperature.
Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an average altitude above 4,000 m provides favorable conditions for Tibetan pigs that may have different meat quality from other pig *** study was designed to compare the differences in lipi...
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Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an average altitude above 4,000 m provides favorable conditions for Tibetan pigs that may have different meat quality from other pig *** study was designed to compare the differences in lipid metabolism in liver and fatty acid composition in muscle between Tibetan and Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY)*** Tibetan pigs(n=10),Gannan Tibetan pigs(n=9),Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(n=10)and DLY pigs(n=10)were selected for the *** fasting for 12 h,they were slaughtered and blood,liver and muscle samples were taken for biochemical *** results showed that the intramuscular fat content was not significantly different for Tibetan pigs among the three regions(P>0.05),which was significantly higher than that of DLY pigs(P<0.05).However,the liver fat content of Gannan Tibetan pigs was significantly lower than those of DLY pigs and Aba and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(P<0.05).The hepatic lipid metabolism may be stronger in DLY pigs than in Tibetan pigs,but lipid deposition in muscle is weaker in DLY pigs than that in Tibetan *** Tibetan pigs and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs had similar proportions of saturated,monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids,while Gannan Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs had similar types of fatty *** findings provide new insight into mechanisms of environmental and breed effects on pork quality.
X-ray fluorescence(XRF)sensor-based ore sorting enables efficient beneficiation of heterogeneous ores,while intraparticle heterogeneity can cause significant grade detection errors,leading to misclassifications and hi...
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X-ray fluorescence(XRF)sensor-based ore sorting enables efficient beneficiation of heterogeneous ores,while intraparticle heterogeneity can cause significant grade detection errors,leading to misclassifications and hindering widespread technology *** classification models are crucial to determine if actual grade exceeds the sorting threshold using localized XRF *** studies mainly used linear regression(LR)algorithms including simple linear regression(SLR),multivariable linear regression(MLR),and multivariable linear regression with interaction(MLRI)but often fell short attaining satisfactory *** study employed the particle swarm optimization support vector machine(PSO-SVM)algorithm for sorting porphyritic copper ore ***-scale results showed PSO-SVM out-performed LR and raw data(RD)models and the significant interaction effects among input features was *** poor input data quality,PSO-SVM demonstrated exceptional ***-scale sorting achieved 93.0%accuracy,0.24%grade increase,84.94%recovery rate,57.02%discard rate,and a remarkable 39.62 yuan/t net smelter return(NSR)increase compared to no *** improvements were achieved by the PSO-SVM model with optimized input combinations and highest data quality(T=10,T is XRF testing times).The unsuitability of LR methods for XRF sensor-based sorting of investigated sample is *** element selection and mineral association analysis elucidate element importance and influence mechanisms.
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