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Effect of crude methanol leaf extract ofCombretum racemosum on histamine-stimulated gastric secretion in rats

Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第2期5卷 77-81页

作者： chukwugozie nwachukwu okwuosa Nkiruka Chinonyelum Azubike Daniel Chukwu nwachukwu Augustine Chukwudum Onuba Elvis Neba Shu Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of NigeriaEnuguNigeria Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of NigeriaEnuguNigeria Department of Veterinary Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of NigeriaEnuguNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of NigeriaEnuguNigeria

Objective:To investigate the effect of crude methanolic extract of Combretum racemosum (C. racemosum) leaves on histamine-stimulated gastric secretion in rats. Methods: Phytochemical and acute toxicity tests were performed. Anti-secretory activity of C. racemosum extract was investigated in pyloric ligated rats administered histamine. Gastric juice was collected from all the animals and the volume, titratable acidity, pH and mucus content were measured. The effect of C. racemosum extract on calcium chloride induced contractions of the guinea-pig ileum suspended in high potassium, calcium-deficient depolarizing solution was investigated. The H2 receptor antagonistic potency was also evaluated using the isolated non-gravid rat uterus. Results:Phytochemistry revealed the presence of abundant amounts of saponins and moderate amounts of glycosides, terpenoids, proteins, reducing sugar, resins, alkaloids, flavonoids and carbohydrates. The oral LD50 of the extract was greater than 8000 mg/kg body weight in mice. Pretreatment of pyloric ligated rats with C. racemosum prior to histamine administration significantly reduced (P < 0.001) the volume of gastric juice and titratable acidity, and significantly increased (P < 0.001) gastric pH and gastric mucus when compared to the negative control. Both doses ofC. racemosum protected rats significantly (P < 0.001) from histamine-induced ulceration.C. racemosum potently inhibited contractions evoked by calcium chloride in a dose-dependent and reversible manner with an IC50 of 1132μg/*** also antagonized the relaxant effect of histamine on the isolated rat uterus in a manner comparable to cimetidine. Conclusions: The leaves of C. racemosum possess gastric anti-secretory and anti-ulcer effects and justify its use in traditional medicine in South-East Nigeria for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

关键词： Combretum racemosum Anti-secretory activity H2 receptor Titratable acidity CaCl2 pH

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