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Edge supercurrent in Josephson junctions based on topological materials

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 1-12页

作者： Junjie Qi chui-zhen chen Juntao Song Jie Liu Ke He Qing-Feng Sun X.C.Xie Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute for Advanced Study Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China College of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Films Laboratory Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The interplay between novel topological states and superconductivity has garnered substantial interest due to its potential for topological quantum *** Josephson effect serves as a useful probe for edge superconductivity in these hybrid topological *** Josephson junctions based on topological materials,supercurrents exhibit unique quantum interference patterns,including the conventional Fraunhofer oscillations,theΦ_(0)-periodic oscillation,and the 2Φ_(0)-periodic oscillation in response to the external magnetic field(Φ_(0)=h/2e is the flux quantum,h the Planck constant,and e the electron charge).These interference patterns stem from varied Andreev reflection mechanisms and the associated current density *** review seeks to comprehensively examine the theoretical and experimental advancements in understanding the quantum interference patterns of edge supercurrents in Josephson junctions based on quantum spin Hall,quantum Hall,and quantum anomalous Hall systems.

关键词： quantum Hall effect quantum spin Hall effect quantum anomalous Hall effect Josephson junction edge supercurrent Andreev reflection

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Evolution of Berry curvature and reentrant quantum anomalous Hall effect in an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第12期64卷 138-143页

作者： chui-zhen chen Junjie Qi Dong-Hui Xu Xincheng Xie Institute for Advanced Study and School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recently, the magnetic topological insulator(TI) MnBi2Te4 emerged as a competitive platform to realize quantum anomalous Hall(QAH) states. We report a Berry curvature splitting mechanism to realize the QAH effect in the disordered magnetic TI multilayers when switching from an antiferromagnetic order to a ferromagnetic order. We reveal that the splitting of spin-resolved Berry curvature, originating from the separation of the critical points during the magnetic switching, can give rise to a QAH insulator. We present a global phase diagram, and also provide a phenomenological picture to elucidate the Berry curvature splitting mechanism by the evolution of topological charges. At last, we predict that the Berry curvature splitting mechanism will lead to a reentrant QAH effect, which can be detected by tuning the gate voltage. Our theory will be instructive for the studies of the QAH effect in MnBi2Te4 in future experiments.

关键词： quantum anomalous Hall effect Berry curvature disorder localization

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Emergent Z2 topological invariant and robust helical edge states in two-dimensional topological metals

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第10期63卷 105-110页

作者： chui-zhen chen Hua Jiang Dong-Hui Xu X.C.Xie Institute for Advanced Study and School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Physics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

In this work,we study the effects of disorder on topological metals that support a pair of helical edge modes deeply embedded inside the gapless bulk ***,we predict that a quantum spin Hall(QSH)phase can be obtained from such topological metals without opening a global band *** be specific,disorder can lead to a pair of robust helical edge states which is protected by an emergent Z2 topological invariant,giving rise to a quantized conductance plateau in transport *** results are instructive for solving puzzles in various transport experiments on QSH materials that are intrinsically *** work also will inspire experimental realization of the QSH effect in disordered topological metals.

关键词： topological metal disorder Z2 topological invariant

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Quantum to classical crossover under dephasing effects in a two-dimensional percolation model

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第2期63卷 130-134页

作者： Junjie Qi Haiwen Liu chui-zhen chen Hua Jiang X.C.Xie International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute for Advanced Study and School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Scaling theory predicts complete localization in d = 2 in quantum systems belonging to the orthogonal class(i.e., with timereversal symmetry and spin-rotation symmetry). The conductance g behaves as g^exp(-L/l) with system size L and localization length l in the strong disorder limit. However, classical systems can always have metallic states in which Ohm’s law shows a constant g in d=2. We study a two-dimensional quantum percolation model by controlling dephasing effects. The numerical investigation of g aims at simulating a quantum-to-classical percolation evolution. An unexpected metallic phase, where g increases with L, generates immense interest before the system becomes completely classical. Furthermore, the analysis of the scaling plot of g indicates a metal-insulator crossover.

关键词： quantum percolation model dephasing effects metal-insulator crossover

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Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 154-162页

作者： Ming Gong Haiwen Liu Hua Jiang chui-zhen chen X.-C.Xie International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of Physics Beijing Normal University School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Institute for Advanced Study Soochow University CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fractional quantization can emerge in noncorrelated systems due to the parity anomaly,while its condensed matter realization is a challenging *** propose that in axion insulators(AIs),parity anomaly manifests a unique fractional boundary excitation:the half-quantized helical hinge *** helical hinge currents microscopically originate from the lateral Goos-H?nchen(GH) shift of massless side-surface Dirac electrons that are totally reflected from the ***,due to the presence of the massive top and bottom surfaces of the AI,the helical current induced by the GH shift is *** semiclassical wave packet analysis uncovers that the hinge current has a topological origin and its half quantization is robust to parameter ***,we propose an experimentally feasible six-terminal device to identify the half-quantized hinge channels by measuring the nonreciprocal *** results advance the realization of the half-quantization and topological magneto electric responses in AIs.

关键词： axion insulator parity anomaly half-quantization Goos-Hänchen effect topological magnetoelectric effect

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Majorana Corner Modes and Flat-Band Majorana Edge Modes in Superconductor/Topological-Insulator/Superconductor Junctions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2023年第9期40卷 87-92页

作者：陈晓婷刘春晖许东辉陈垂针 Institute for Advanced Study and School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Recently,superconductors with higher-order topology have stimulated extensive attention and research ***-order topological superconductors exhibit unconventional bulk-boundary correspondence,thus allow exotic lower-dimensional boundary modes,such as Majorana corner and hinge ***,higher-order topological superconductivity has yet to be found in naturally occurring *** investigate higher-order topology in a two-dimensional Josephson junction comprised of two s-wave superconductors separated by a topological insulator thin *** find that zero-energy Majorana corner modes,a boundary fingerprint of higherorder topological superconductivity,can be achieved by applying magnetic *** an in-plane Zeeman field is applied to the system,two corner modes appear in the superconducting ***,we also discover a two-dimensional nodal superconducting phase which supports flat-band Majorana edge modes connecting the bulk ***,we demonstrate that zero-energy Majorana corner modes are stable when increasing the thickness of topological insulator thin film.

关键词： field topological superconductors

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Photoinduced Floquet higher-order Weyl semimetal in C_(6) symmetric Dirac semimetals

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 109-117页

作者：许欣欣王梓名许东辉陈垂针 Institute for Advanced Study and School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Physics and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Topological Dirac semimetals are a parent state from which other exotic topological phases of matter, such as Weyl semimetals and topological insulators, can emerge. In this study, we investigate a Dirac semimetal possessing sixfold rotational symmetry and hosting higher-order topological hinge Fermi arc states, which is irradiated by circularly polarized light. Our findings reveal that circularly polarized light splits each Dirac node into a pair of Weyl nodes due to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry, resulting in the realization of the Weyl semimetal phase. This Weyl semimetal phase exhibits rich boundary states, including two-dimensional surface Fermi arc states and hinge Fermi arc states confined to six ***, by adjusting the incident direction of the circularly polarized light, we can control the degree of tilt of the resulting Weyl cones, enabling the realization of different types of Weyl semimetals.

关键词： Dirac semimetals Weyl semimetals periodic driving higher-order topology

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Exit options sustain altruistic punishment and decrease the second-order free-riders, but it is not a panacea

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 278-291页

作者： chen SHEN Zhao SONG Lei SHI Jun TANIMOTO zhen WANG Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and Economics School of Computing Engineering and Digital Technologies Teesside University School of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN) Northwestern Polytechnical University

Why do humans punish free riders at their own expense? This behavior represents an evolutionary puzzle in human societies. This study explores the role of exit strategies in fostering altruistic punishment within evolutionary game theory. We extend the traditional prisoner's dilemma model by incorporating exiters, players who opt out for a small payoff while nullifying their opponent's payoff, and altruistic punishers who cooperate and punish non-cooperators. Our findings indicate that in well-mixed populations, exiters destabilize defection but do not promote altruistic punishment. In social networks, however,exiters enable altruistic punishment via cyclic dominance among altruistic punishers, defectors, and exiters. Notably, this cyclic dominance is sensitive to exit payoffs; adjustments can lead to cyclic dominance of non-punishing cooperators, defectors, and exiters, or to a bi-stable state between these two types of cyclic dominance. These results highlight the nuanced impact of exiters on altruistic punishment, emphasizing the need for careful incentivization of exit behavior. While exiters can support altruistic punishment in networked populations, their effectiveness is not a panacea and is highly sensitive to exit payoffs, indicating limits to the voluntary participation mechanism.

关键词： evolutionary game theory altruistic punishment coexistence cyclic dominance bi-stable

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Hausdorff Measure of Space Anisotropic Gaussian Processes with Non-stationary Increments

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2025年第1期41卷 114-132页

作者： Jun WANG zhen-long chen Wei-jie YUAN Guang-jun SHEN School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China School of Statistics and Mathematics Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Mathematics Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China

Let X={X(t),t∈R+} be a centered space anisotropic Gaussian process values in R^(d) with non-stationary increments,whose components are independent but may not be identically *** certain conditions,then almost surely c_(1)≤ϕ-m(X([0,1]))≤c_(2),where ϕ denotes the exact Hausdorff measure associated with function ϕ(s)=s1/α_(k)+Σ_(i=1)k(1-αi/αk)log log 1/s for some 1≤k≤d,(α_(1),…,α_(d))∈(0,1]^(d).We also obtain the exact Hausdorff measure of the graph of X on[0,1].

关键词： Hausdorff measure self-similar Gaussian processes non-stationary increment Lamperti theorem

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Nickel extraction from nickel laterites: Processes, resources, environment and cost

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 187-213页

作者： zhen-fang Zhang Wei-bo Zhang zhen-guo Zhang Xiu-fa chen Development Research Center of China Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010062China

With the development of the new energy industry and the depletion of nickel sulfide ore resources,laterite nickel ore has become the main source of primary nickel,and nickel for power batteries has become a new growth point in *** paper systematically summarizes the processes,parameters,products,recovery rates,environmental indicators,costs,advantages,disadvantages and the latest research progress of mainstream nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel *** also provides a comparative analysis of the environmental impact and economic efficiency of different nickel extraction *** is found that the current nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel ore globally for commercial production mainly include the RKEF process for producing ferronickel and the HPAL process for producing intermediate *** former accounts for about 80%of laterite nickel ore *** to each other,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity for the RKEF is about 43000$,with an operational cost of about 16000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 77%–90%.Its products are mainly used in stainless *** the HPAL process,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity is about 56000$,with an operational cost of about 15000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 83%–90%.Its products are mainly used in power *** significant differences between the two lies in energy consumption and carbon emissions,with the RKEF being 2.18 and 2.37 times that of the HPAL,*** the use of clean energy can greatly reduce the operational cost and environmental impact of RKEF,if RKEF is converted to producing high Ni matte,its economic and environmental performance still cannot match that of the HPAL and oxygen-enriched side-blown ***,it can be inferred that with the increasing demand for nickel in power batteries,HPAL and oxygen-enriched side

关键词： Laterite nickel ore Limonite Saprolite Nickel extraction Pyrometallurgy Power batteries Hydrometallurgy Cost Environmental impact Life cycle assessment Comprehensive utilization Mineral exploration engineering

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