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An integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for simultaneous overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O toward CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 373-382页

作者： Muhammad Salman Nasir Bowen Sheng Ying Zhao Haotian Ye jun Song Jinglin Li Ping wang Tao wang Xinqiang wang Zhen Huang Baowen Zhou Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsNano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education(NFC-MOE)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealH3A 0G4Canada Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge ***,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn NPs/GaN Nanowires(NWs)/Si is explored for light-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)simultaneously without any external sacrificial agents and *** as-designed architecture affords a benchmark CH_(4)activity of 189 mmol gcat^(-1)h^(-1)with a high selectivity of 93.6%,in the synchronized formation of H_(2)O_(2)at a considerable rate of 25 m g^(-1)h^(-1).Moreover,a considerable turnover number of 27,280 mol CH_(4)per mol Zn was achieved over a long-term operation of 80 *** operando spectroscopic characterizations,isotope experiments,and density functional theory calculations,it is unraveled that Zn sites are synergetic with GaN to drive CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)conversion with a lowered energy barrier of 0.27 eV while inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction with a relatively high energy barrier of 0.93 ***,owing to the unique surface properties of GaN,water is split into*OH and*H,followed by the formation of H_(2)O_(2)because of the alleviated adsorption strength of*OH by Zn ***,the hierarchical architecture enables the achievement of high activity and high selectivity of CH_(4)from CO_(2)reduction in distilled water along with the generation of H_(2)O_(2).This work provides an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for the synchronized production of CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)with the only inputs of CO_(2),distilled water,and light.

关键词： Zn nanoparticles GaN nanowires/Si Integrated redox architecture Artificial photosynthesis CH_(4)and H_(2)0_(2)

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A Generative Adversarial Network with an Attention Spatiotemporal Mechanism for Tropical Cyclone Forecasts

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 67-78页

作者： Xiaohui LI Xinhai HAN Jingsong YANG Jiuke wang Guoqi HAN jun DING Hui SHEN jun YAN Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Artificial Intelligence Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Institute of Ocean SciencesSidney V8L 4B2Canada Zhejiang Marine Monitoring and Forecasting Center Hangzhou 310007China

Tropical cyclones(TCs)are complex and powerful weather systems,and accurately forecasting their path,structure,and intensity remains a critical focus and challenge in meteorological *** this paper,we propose an Attention Spatio-Temporal predictive Generative Adversarial Network(AST-GAN)model for predicting the temporal and spatial distribution of *** model forecasts the spatial distribution of TC wind speeds for the next 15 hours at 3-hour intervals,emphasizing the cyclone's center,high wind-speed areas,and its asymmetric *** effectively capture spatiotemporal feature transfer at different time steps,we employ a channel attention mechanism for feature selection,enhancing model performance and reducing parameter *** utilized High-Resolution Weather Research and Forecasting(HWRF)data to train our model,allowing it to assimilate a wide range of TC motion *** model is versatile and can be applied to various complex scenarios,such as multiple TCs moving simultaneously or TCs approaching *** proposed model demonstrates superior forecasting performance,achieving a root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.71 m s^(-1)for overall wind speed and 2.74 m s^(-1)for maximum wind speed when benchmarked against ground truth data from ***,the model underwent optimization and independent testing using ERA5reanalysis data,showcasing its stability and *** fine-tuning on the ERA5 dataset,the model achieved an RMSE of 1.33 m s^(-1)for wind speed and 1.75 m s^(-1)for maximum wind *** AST-GAN model outperforms other state-of-the-art models in RMSE on both the HWRF and ERA5 datasets,maintaining its superior performance and demonstrating its effectiveness for spatiotemporal prediction of TCs.

关键词： tropical cyclones spatiotemporal prediction generative adversarial network attention spatiotemporal mechanism deep learning

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Hyperbranched Poly(α-aminonitrile)s Constructed via Catalyst-Free Multicomponent Polymerization of Trialdehydes,Diamines and Trimethylsilyl Cyanide

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 341-349页

作者： Tian-Yu Cheng Jian-Qing Ding Yu-Xin Tong jun-Guo Fang Jia wang School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808China

Functional hyperbranched polymers,as an important class of materials,are widely applied in diverse ***,the development of simple and efficient reactions to prepare hyperbranched polymers is of great *** this work,trialdehydes,diamines,and trimethylsilyl cyanide could easily undergo multicomponent polymerization under mild conditions,producing hyperbranched poly(α-aminonitrile)s with high molecular weights(M_(w) up to 4.87×10^(4))in good yields(up to 85%).The hyperbranched poly(α-aminonitrile)s have good solubility in commonly used organic solvents,high thermal stability as well as morphological ***,due to the numerous aldehyde groups in their branched chains,these hb-poly(α-aminonitrile)s can undergo one-pot,two-step,four-component post-polymerization with high *** work not only confirms the efficiency of our established catalyst-free multicomponent polymerization of aldehydes,amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide,but also provides a versatile and powerful platform for the preparation of functional hyperbranched polymeric materials.

关键词： Catalyst-free Multicomponent polymerization Hyperbranched polymer Post-polymerization

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Impact of Assimilation of FY-4A GIIRS Three-Dimensional Horizontal Wind Observations on Typhoon Forecasts

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期42卷 467-485页

作者： Hao wang Wei HAN jun LI Hao CHEN Ruoying YIN CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Center(CEMC) China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China FYSIC National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory Nanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing 210008China

Measurements from a hyperspectral infrared(HIR) sounder onboard a satellite in geostationary orbit not only provide atmospheric thermodynamic information,but also can be used to infer dynamic information with high temporal *** measurements from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS),obtained with 15-min temporal resolution during Typhoon Maria(2018) and 30-min temporal resolution during Typhoon Lekima(2019),were used to derive three-dimensional(3D) horizontal winds by tracking the motion of atmospheric *** work focused on the impact of assimilation of 3D winds on typhoon analyses and forecasts using the operational NWP model of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA-MESO),and improved understanding of the potential benefits of assimilating dynamic information from geostationary sounder data with higher temporal *** standard deviation of the observations minus simulations revealed that the accuracy of the derived 3D winds with 15-min resolution was higher than that of derived winds with 30-min *** showed that the assimilation system can effectively absorb the information of the derived 3D winds,and that dynamic information from clear-sky areas can be transferred to typhoon *** typhoon prediction,assimilation of the derived 3D winds had greatest influence on the typhoon track,and less influence on the maximum wind *** of the derived 3D winds reduced the average track error by 17.4% for Typhoon Maria(2018) and by 3.5% for Typhoon Lekima(2019) during their entire 36-h forecasts initiated at different *** of GIIRS dynamic information can substantially improve forecasts of heavy precipitation by *** indicate that the assimilation of dynamic information from high-temporal-resolution geostationary HIR sounder data adds value for improved numerical weather prediction.

关键词： GIIRS 3D horizontal winds typhoon CMA-MESO

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Multi-omics analysis and experimental verification reveal testicular fatty acid metabolism disorder in non-obstructive azoospermia

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 177-192页

作者： Zhou Li Yi-Jian Xiang Zhi-chuan Zou Yu-Ming Feng Hui wang Wei-Qing Chen Xie Ge Jin-Zhao Ma jun Jing Bing Yao Department of Reproductive Medicine Jinling Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health Nanjing Medicine University

Increasing evidence implicates disruptions in testicular fatty acid metabolism as a contributing factor in nonobstructive azoospermia(NOA), a severe form of male infertility. However, the precise mechanisms linking fatty acid metabolism to NOA pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. Multi-omics analyses, including microarray analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq), and metabolomics, were utilized to investigate disruptions in fatty acid metabolism associated with NOA using data from public databases. Results identified ACSL6, ACSBG2, and OLAH as key genes linked to fatty acid metabolism dysregulation, suggesting their potential causative roles in NOA. A marked reduction in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid(DHA), was observed, potentially contributing to the pathological process of NOA. Sertoli cells in NOA patients exhibited apparent fatty acid metabolic dysfunction, with PPARG identified as a key transcription factor(TF) regulating this process. Functional analyses demonstrated that PPARG is crucial for maintaining blood-testis barrier(BTB) integrity and promoting spermatogenesis via regulation of fatty acid metabolism. These findings reveal the pivotal role of fatty acid metabolism in NOA and identify PPARG as a potential therapeutic target.

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Impact of extreme weather and climate events on crop yields in the Tarim River Basin,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2025年第2期17卷 200-223页

作者： wang Xiaochen LI Zhi CHEN Yaning ZHU Jianyu wang chuan wang Jiayou ZHANG Xueqi FENG Meiqing LIANG Qixiang State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chifeng Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Inner MongoliaChifeng 024000China

The Tarim River Basin(TRB)is a vast area with plenty of light and heat and is an important base for grain and cotton production in Northwest *** the context of climate change,however,the increased frequency of extreme weather and climate events is having numerous negative impacts on the region's agricultural *** better understand how unfavorable climatic conditions affect crop production,we explored the relationship of extreme weather and climate events with crop yields and *** this research,ten indicators of extreme weather and climate events(consecutive dry days(CDD),min Tmax(TXn),max Tmin(TNx),tropical nights(TR),warm days(Tx90p),warm nights(Tn90p),summer days(SU),frost days(FD),very wet days(R95p),and windy days(WD))were selected to analyze the impact of spatial and temporal variations on the yields of major crops(wheat,maize,and cotton)in the TRB from 1990 to *** three key findings of this research were as follows:extreme temperatures in southwestern TRB showed an increasing trend,with higher extreme temperatures at night,while the occurrence of extreme weather and climate events in northeastern TRB was relatively *** number of FD was on the rise,while WD also increased in recent *** yields were higher in the northeast compared with the southwest,and wheat,maize,and cotton yields generally showed an increasing trend despite an earlier *** correlation of extreme weather and climate events on crop yields can be categorized as extreme nighttime temperature indices(TNx,Tn90p,TR,and FD),extreme daytime temperature indices(TXn,Tx90p,and SU),extreme precipitation indices(CDD and R95p),and extreme wind(WD).By using Random Forest(RF)approach to determine the effects of different extreme weather and climate events on the yields of different crops,we found that the importance of extreme precipitation indices(CDD and R95p)to crop yield decreased significantly over *** well,we found that the importance of the extreme night

关键词： extreme events extreme nighttime heat Tarim River Basin crop yield random forest model wheat maize cotton phenology

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中国企业年金制度的回溯与展望

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华中科技大学学报(社会科学版) 2025年第1期39卷 10-22页

作者：齐传钧中国社会科学院中国式现代化研究院

历经多年演进,企业年金制度已成为我国多层次多支柱养老保险体系中的关键一环。然而,鉴于中国庞大的人口基数与经济体量,企业年金的发展现状仍显不足,其成效有待进一步提升。通过对近二十年来官方数据及学术界研究成果的深入分析,揭示... 详细信息

历经多年演进,企业年金制度已成为我国多层次多支柱养老保险体系中的关键一环。然而,鉴于中国庞大的人口基数与经济体量,企业年金的发展现状仍显不足,其成效有待进一步提升。通过对近二十年来官方数据及学术界研究成果的深入分析,揭示我国企业年金面临的三大核心挑战:如何推动企业年金实现跨越性增长;如何合理评估税收优惠政策的实际效用;如何有效提高基金的投资回报率。基于此,应从激发企业内在动力机制着手,对现有制度进行深层次的结构性改革,不必一味强调税收优惠政策的激励性,而要注重该政策的公平取向,同时还要优化企业年金投资管理体系的运作效率,以期为我国企业年金实现质的飞跃提供坚实支撑。

关键词：企业年金投资收益养老金税收优惠

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Discovery of a new family member of arsenic–vanadium polyoxometalates with high catalytic performance for one-pot coupling of CO2, epoxides and amines

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 80-87页

作者： Fang-Qian wang Yin Zhang Wei-Wei wang Mei-Qian Fu Hong-Bing Mo Wei-Dong Yu Chao Liu jun Yan College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University junior Education Department Changsha Normal University School of Science Hunan University of Technology and Business

Arsenic-vanadium polyoxometalates（POMs） represent a family of tremendous potential catalysts owing to their peculiar physical and chemical *** in CO2conversion,using POMs to catalyze the conversion of CO2and epoxide into chemical intermediates is the research ***,A new family number of arsenic-vanadium POMs,[N（CH3）4]4[As8V12O38（H2O）]·2H2O({As8V12O38}),was reported and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,*** from other allotropicity,{As8V12O38}shows a different structure pattern with an I-43d *** obtained {As8V12O38} was employed as a catalyst for the *** initial catalytic reaction confirmed that {As8V12O38} can catalyze the formation of epoxy carbonate by using 1.01 kPa CO2and epoxide at 70℃.Furtherly,when added amine in the catalytic system,oxazolidinone could be obtained by high yields,which provides an efficient way to convert CO2into profitable ***,a possible catalytic reaction mechanism was proposed by using different characterization analyses.{As8V12O38} first catalyzes the epoxide and CO2to form an epoxy carbonate and then catalyzes epoxy carbonate and benzylamine into oxazolidinone.

关键词： Arsenic CO2 conversion Oxazolidinone Polyoxometalates Vanadium

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Mass organic matter accumulation induced by rapid redox variations in lakes:Evidence from the Miaoxi area,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 291-313页

作者： Peng Sun Hai-Feng Yang Fei-Long wang jun-Pei Yue Yan-Fei Gao You-jun Tang School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze University Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation College of Resource and Environment Yangtze University

The Member 4 of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es4) in the Bohai Bay Basin is interspersed with a set of high-quality source rocks typified as intercalation of red and black mudstones. A large amount of petroleum(crude oil) originates from these source rocks. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum(PETM)event occurred during the deposition of Es4 in the Bohai Bay Basin, and the organic matter enrichment model under this event is worth further investigation due to its relationship with and influence on petroleum accumulations. Well LK25-A, as the first oil exploration well drilled into the Es4 in Miaoxi area, serves as a valuable case to study organic matter accumulation. In this study, we integrate total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis, microscopic observation, vitrinite reflectance(VRo), elemental analysis, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential, organic matter types, thermal maturity, and sedimentary environment of the Es4 in Miaoxi area. The analysis of maceral and rock pyrolysis data reveals that Type I and Type II organic matter make up the majority of Paleogene mudstones in this region. The TOC and rock pyrolysis data show that mudstones in this area have high organic matter abundance and oil-generation potential. The measured vitrinite reflectance distribution of mudstone samples, which ranges from 0.3% to 0.74%, demonstrates that the Paleogene strata are at the immature to mature stage, and the samples from this area contain a sizable amount of bituminite and mineralbituminous groundmass. The analysis of biomarkers in the mudstone samples indicates that most of the mudstones in this area are in lacustrine and brackish-hypersaline lacustrine environment under a reducing condition, and some of the red mudstones in the Es4 are formed under a suboxic condition. Based on the size and morphology of the pyrite framboid, the redox conditions of the water mass during deposition or diagenesis are further

关键词： Hydrocarbon generation potential Biomarkers Optical microscopy Pyrite framboid Elemental geochemistry Red–black beds

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PAMPHLET:PAM Prediction HomoLogous-Enhancement Toolkit for precise PAM prediction in CRISPR-Cas systems

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第2期52卷 258-268页

作者： Chen Qi Xuechun Shen Baitao Li chuan Liu Lei Huang Hongxia Lan Donglong Chen Yuan Jiang Dan wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science BNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhaiGuangdong 519087China School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China BGI Research HangzhouZhejiang 310030China BGI Research ShenzhenGuangdong 518083China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences BGI ResearchQingdaoShandong 266555China School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China STOmics Americas Ltd. 2904 Orchard PkwySan Jose CA 95134USA

CRISPR-Cas technology has revolutionized our ability to understand and engineer organisms,evolving from a singular Cas9 model to a diverse CRISPR toolbox.A critical bottleneck in developing new Cas proteins is identifying protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)*** to the limitations of experimental methods,bioinformatics approaches have become ***,existing PAM prediction programs are limited by the small number of spacers in CRISPR-Cas systems,resulting in low *** address this,we develop PAMPHLET,a pipeline that uses homology searches to identify additional spacers,significantly increasing the number of spacers up to *** is validated on 20 CRISPR-Cas systems and successfully predicts PAM sequences for 18 *** predictions are further validated using the DocMF platform,which characterizes protein-DNA recognition patterns via next-generation *** high consistency between PAMPHLET predictions and DocMF results for Cas proteins demonstrates the potential of PAMPHLET to enhance PAM sequence prediction accuracy,expedite the discovery process,and accelerate the development of CRISPR tools.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas Protospacer adjacentmotif Genome editing PAM prediction Computational framework

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