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Differences of maternal mortality rate between Shanghai and New York city from the perspective of regulatory policy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第7期133卷 792-799页

作者： Li Li Cheng-Yue Li Qing-Yu Zhou chuan pu Ling-Zhong Xu Tian-Qiang Xu Chao Hao Zhi Hu Mo Hao Research Institute of Health Development Strategies Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of public Health and Management Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China School of public Health Shandong UniversityJinanShandong 250012China Institute of Inspection and Supervision Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family PlanningShanghai 200031China Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanjingJiangsu 213003China Anhui Medical University HefeiAnhui 230032China

Background:Regulatory policy(RP)is known as a major factor to improve health care system performance.A significant difference in maternal mortality rates(MMRs)was observed between New York city(NYC)and Shanghai(SH),both first-class international metropolises.This study aims to adopt a quantitative evaluation model to analyze whether RP differences contribute to the different MMRs of the two cities.Methods:Based on collection of all publicly released policy documents regarding maternal health in the two cities,we assessed and compared the status of their maternal health care RPs from 2006 to 2017 through a series of quantitative indicators as regulatory elements coverage rate(RECR),departmental responsibility clarity rate(DRCR),and accountability mechanism clarity rate(AMCR),based on two characteristics of comprehensiveness and effectiveness of RPs.Pearson correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and linear regression analysis were used to test the relationships between the indicators and MMR in SH and NYC.Results:By 2017,disparities of maternal health care RP are found between SH and NYC,from the indicators of RECR(100%vs.77.0%),DRCR(38.9%vs.45.1%),and AMCR(29.2%vs.22.5%).From 2006 to 2017,RECR,DRCR,and AMCR in SH have shown a higher growth of 8.7%,53.2%,and 45.2%,compared with growth of 25.0%,12.5%,and 2.9%in NYC.The three indicators were found all negatively correlated with MMR in SH(Coefficients=-0.831,-0.833,and-0.909,and P<0.01),while only RECR and DRCR had negative correlation with MMR in NYC(Coefficients=-0.736 and-0.683,and P<0.05).Linear regression showed that the principal components of the three indicators were found with significant impact on MMRs both in SH(R=0.914,R2=0.836,P<0.001)and NYC(R=0.854,R2=0.357,P=0.04).Conclusion:Compared with NYC,the more comprehensive and effective maternal health care RPs in SH had a stronger impact on MMR control,which contributed to the differences between the two cities’MMRs to some extent.The methods and indicators we adopted for assessment are reasonable

关键词： Maternal mortality Regulatory policy Maternal health Shanghai New York

Enhanced persulfate activation process by magnetically separable catalysts for water purification:A review

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2023年第6期42卷 55-67页

作者： chuan pu Gang Lu Hang Qi Abdulgalim B.Isaev Mingshan Zhu School of Environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China School of Environment and Energy Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University230601China Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Ecology Dagestan State UniversityM.Gadjieva 43a367001MakhachkalaRussian Federation

In recent years,persulfate(PS)-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)have become a hot research topic for degrading environmental pollutants due to their excellent oxidation capacity,selectivity,and stability.PS-AOPs can generate sulfate radicals(SO^(·-)_(4))with strong oxidation ability,but single PS produces limited or no radicals.Therefore,activation of PS by energy input or catalyst dosing is used to improve its oxidation performance.However,the addition of disposable catalyst not only causes a waste of resources,but also may lead to secondary pollution.Therefore,magnetically separable catalysts for activating PS have received widespread attention due to their reusability.Although there are few literature reviews on the activation of PS by carbon-or iron-based magnetic materials,the mechanism analysis of the activation of PS by magnetic materials to degrade pollut-ants is not deep enough,and the discussion of material types is not comprehensive and detailed.Moreover,the discussion of magnetic materials in terms of recycling properties is lacking.Therefore,this review firstly sum-marizes and analyzes the mechanism of magnetically separable catalysts activating PS to degrade pollutants.Then,the research progress of zero-valent iron(ZVI,Fe^(0))-based,iron oxide-based,bimetallic oxide-based,and other magnetically separable catalyst is introduced,and the tailoring engineering approaches and reusability of magnetically separable catalysts are discussed.Finally,some possible material optimization suggestions are proposed in this paper.In conclusion,this review is expected to provide useful insights for improving the per-formance and reusability of magnetically separable materials activated PS in the future.

关键词： Magnetically separable catalysts AOPs Sulfate radicals Mechanism Reusability

新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控工作职责明确程度变化分析

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中国公共卫生 2024年第3期40卷 274-279页

作者：朱浩施培武沈群红蒲川胡志王磐石汪华李程跃周庆誉郝模复旦大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理学教研室上海200032 复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心上海200032 浙江省医学科学院杭州310012 清华大学公共管理学院北京100084 重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院重庆400016 安徽医科大学合肥230032 上海市卫生健康委员会上海200031 江苏省预防医学会南京210009 健康风险预警治理协同创新中心上海200032

目的评价新冠疫情发生前后中国内地重大疫情防控工作的职责明确程度差异,探讨疫情对职责明确程度的影响。方法系统收集2000年1月1日-2020年12月31日中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)涉及重大疫情防控工作的政策文件,从中提取相关信息,从... 详细信息

目的评价新冠疫情发生前后中国内地重大疫情防控工作的职责明确程度差异,探讨疫情对职责明确程度的影响。方法系统收集2000年1月1日-2020年12月31日中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)涉及重大疫情防控工作的政策文件,从中提取相关信息,从职责覆盖、清晰、可考核3个方面量化分析各地职责明确程度,并用配对t检验或配对秩和检验对疫情前后的指标差异进行统计检验。结果共收集3864份文件。中国内地31省(自治区、直辖市)平均职责覆盖程度由2019年的80.93%(18.61/23.00)升至2020年的89.62%(20.61/23.00),职责可考核程度由26.16%(4.81/18.61)升至30.93%(6.39/20.61),职责明确程度从44.00%升至54.58%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。分部门看,业务条线部门职责明确程度升至87.10%,关键支撑部门升至20.97%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他支撑部门无明显提升。结论我国重大疫情防控工作职责明确程度显著提升,但在部门职责可考核方面仍需强化。

关键词：新型冠状病毒感染疫情重大疫情防控职责明确

Dural enhancement detected by magnetic resonance imaging reflecting the underlying causes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第8期125卷 1513-1516页

作者： TIAN Cheng-lin pu chuan-qiang Department of Neurology Chinese People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Dural enhancement detected by magnetic resonance imaging is a common finding in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis （CVST） and is usually interpreted as a change secondary to CVST. We report two cases of CVST with intense and diffuse dural enhancement that resulted from pachymeningitis in one patient and spontaneous intracranial hypotension in another. Pachymeningitis and spontaneous intracranial hypotension were also determined to be the underlying causes of CVST. The clinical data of these two patients are described. In patients with CVST, dural enhancement is not always a secondary change to CVST. It can be a manifestation of the underlying causes of CVST. When diffuse and intense dural enhancement is revealed, sufficient ancillary tests are warranted to rule out other potential patholooical chanoes of the dura mater those can result in CVST.

关键词： cerebral venous sinus thrombosis magnetic resonance imaging pachymeningitis spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Increased Expression of the NOD-like Receptor Family, Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome in Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis is a Potential Contributor to Their Pathogenesis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第9期129卷 1047-1052页

作者： Xi Yin Gen-Cheng Han Xing-Wei Jiang Qiang Shi chuan-Qiang pu Department of Neurology Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Immunology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing 100850 China

Background： Dermatomyositis （DM） and polymyositis （PM） are common inflammatory myopathies whose immunopathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome is a type of cytoplasmic multiprotein inflammasome and is responsible for the activation of inflammatory reactivations. Responding to a wide range of exogenous and endogenous microbial or sterile stimuli, NLRP3 inflammasomes can cleave pro-caspase- 1 into active caspase- 1, which processes the pro-infammatory cytokines pro-interleukin （IL）-1 β and pro-IL-18 into active and secreted IL-1β and I L-18. The NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in infectious and sterile inflammatory diseases. However, it remains unclear whether it is involved in the pathogenesis of DM/PM, which we aim to address in our research. Methods： In this study, 22 DM/PM patients and 24 controls were recruited. The protein and RNA expression of IL-113, IL-18, NLRP3, and caspase-1 in serum and muscle samples were tested and compared between the two groups. Results： The serum IL-1 β and IL-18 levels were significantly higher in DM/PM patients than those in the controls by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （EL1SA, DM vs. control, 25.02 ± 8.29 ng/ml vs. 16.49 ± 3.30 ng/ml, P 〈 0.001 ; PM vs. control, 26.49±7.79 ng/ml vs. 16.49 ± 3.30 ng/ml, P 〈 0.001）. Moreover, the real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） showed that DM/PM patients exhibited higher RNA expression of IL-lβ, IL-18, and NLRP3 in the muscle （for IL-1 β, DM vs. control, P 0.0012, PM vs. control, P = 0.0021 ; for IL- 18, DM vs. control, P = 0.0045, PM vs. control, P 0.0031 ; for NLRP3, DM vs. control, P = 0.0017, PM vs. control, P 0.0006）. Moreover, the protein expression of NLRP3 and caspase- 1 in muscle samples of DM/PM patients were also significantly elevated compared to that in the muscles of the controls. Conclusions： Our findings demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in the pathogenesis of DM/PM. High NLRP

关键词： Autoimmunity Dermatomyositis NOD-like Receptor Family, Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Polymyositis

Identification of Seven Novel Mutations in the Acid Alpha-glucosidase Gene in Five Chinese Patients with Late-onset Pompe Disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第4期131卷 448-453页

作者： Hua-Xu Liu chuan-Qiang pu Qiang Shi Yu-Tong Zhang Rui Ban Department of Neurology Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

Background： Pompe disease is a rare lysosomal glycogen storage disorder linked to the acid alpha-glucosidase gene （GAA）. A wide clinical and genetic variability exists between patients from different ethnic populations, and the genotype-phenotype correlations are still not well understood. The aim of this study was to report the clinicopathological and genetic characteristics of five Chinese patients with late-onset Pompe disease （LOPD） who carried novel GAA gene mutations. Methods： Clinical and pathological data of patients diagnosed with glycogen storage disease at our institution from April 1986 to August 2017 were collected, and next-generation sequencing of frozen muscle specimens was conducted. Results： Of the five patients included in the study, the median disease onset age was 13 years, with a median 5 years delay in diagnosis. The patients mainly manifested as progressive weakness in the proximal and axial muscles, while one patient developed respiratory insufficiency that required artificial ventilation. In muscle biopsies, vacuoles with variable sizes and shapes appeared inside muscle fibers, and they stained positive for both periodic acid-Schiff and acid phosphatase staining. Ten GAA gene mutations, including seven novel ones （c.796C〉A, c. 1057C〉T, c. 1201C〉A, c. 1780C〉T, c. 1799G〉C, c.2051C〉A, c.2235dupG）, were identified by genetic tests. Conclusions： The seven novel GAA gene mutations revealed in this study broaden the genetic spectrum of LOPD and highlight the genetic heterogeneity in Chinese LOPD patients.

关键词： Alpha-glucosidase DNA Mutational Analysis Genetic Heterogeneity Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ⅱ

Magnetic Fields Reduce Apoptosis by Suppressing Phase Separation of Tau-441

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 181-197页

作者： Wen-Juan Lin Wen-pu Shi Wan-Yi Ge Liang-Liang Chen Wei-Hong Guo Peng Shang Da-chuan Yin Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical University127 Youyixi RoadXi'an 710072ShaanxiPR China

The biological effects of magnetic fields(MFs)have been a controversial issue.Fortunately,in recent years,there has been increasing evidence that MFs do affect biological systems.However,the physical mechanism remains unclear.Here,we show that MFs(16 T)reduce apoptosis in cell lines by inhibiting liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)of Tau-441,suggesting that the MF effect on LLPS may be one of the mechanisms for understanding the“mysterious”magnetobiological effects.The LLPS of Tau-441 occurred in the cytoplasm after induction with arsenite.The phase-separated droplets of Tau-441 recruited hexokinase(HK),resulting in a decrease in the amount of free HK in the cytoplasm.In cells,HK and Bax compete to bind to the voltage-dependent anion channel(VDAC I)on the mitochondrial membrane.A decrease in the number of free HK molecules increased the chance of Bax binding to VDAC I,leading to increased Bax-mediated apoptosis.In the presence of a static MF,LLPS was marked inhibited and HK recruitment was reduced,resulting in an increased probability of HK binding to VDAC I and a decreased probability of Bax binding to VDAC I,thus reducing Bax-mediated apoptosis.Our findings revealed a new physical mechanism for understanding magnetobiological effects from the perspective of LLPS.In addition,these results show the potential applications of physical environments,such as MFs in this study,in the treatment of LLPS-related diseases.

关键词： inhibited Apoptosis finding

A Novel Mutation of Mitochondrial T14709C Causes Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers Syndrome in a Chinese Patient

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第13期131卷 1569-1574页

作者： Rui Ban Jun-Hong Guo chuan-Qiang pu Qiang Shi Hua-Xu Liu Yu-Tong Zhang Department of Neurology Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Neurology School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China

Background： Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers （MERRF） syndrome is characterized by myoclonus, generalized epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia, and ragged red fibers （RRFs） in the muscle. T-to-C transition at nucleotide position 14709 in the mitochondrial tRNA glutamic acid （tRNA^Gla） gene has previously been associated with maternally inherited diabetes and deathess. However, the association between MERRF and mitochondrial T14709C mutation （m.TI4709C） has never been reported before. Methods： Clinical information of a 17-year-old patient was collected; muscle biopsy and next-generation sequencing （NGS） of whole mitochondrial and neuromuscular disease panel were then conducted. Finally, sanger sequencing was carried out to confirm the mutations. Results： The patient presented a typical MERRF phenotype with muscle weakness, epileptic seizure, clonic episodes, cerebellar ataxia, and spinal scoliosis. Muscle biopsy showed RRFs which indicated abnormal mitochondrial functions. NGS of whole mitochondrial gene revealed m.TI4709C mutation, confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Conclusion： We present a sporadic patient with typical MERRF presentation carrying the mutation ofm.T14709C, which expanded the spectrum of re.T14709C.

关键词： m.TI4709C Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers Syndrome： Novel Mutation

新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力变化分析

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中国公共卫生 2024年第3期40卷 280-284页

作者：王兰施培武沈群红陈政蒲川徐凌忠胡志马安宁龚朝晖徐天强王磐石汪华郝超周庆誉郝模李程跃复旦大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理学教研室上海200032 复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心上海200032 健康风险预警治理协同创新中心上海200032 浙江省医学科学院杭州310012 清华大学公共管理学院北京100044 中华预防医学会公共卫生管理分会基层公共卫生管理学组上海201800 重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院重庆400016 山东大学公共卫生学院济南250012 安徽医科大学合肥230032 济宁医学院济宁272067 致公党中央医药卫生专业委员会北京100011 上海卫生健康委员会监督所上海200031 上海市卫生健康委员会上海200031 江苏省预防医学会南京210009 常州市疾病预防控制中心常州213003

目的分析新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力的变化情况,为促进防控服务能力提升提供参考借鉴。方法系统检索中国内地31省(自治区、直辖市)政府部门和专业公共卫生机构等官方网站,结合北大法宝网补充,纳入2002-2020年重大疫情防... 详细信息

目的分析新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力的变化情况,为促进防控服务能力提升提供参考借鉴。方法系统检索中国内地31省(自治区、直辖市)政府部门和专业公共卫生机构等官方网站,结合北大法宝网补充,纳入2002-2020年重大疫情防控相关文件1756篇,摘录服务提供有关字段,计算服务覆盖和可考核程度以及防控服务能力,采用配对秩和检验分析东、中、西部等地区新冠前后服务能力的变化情况。结果中国内地2019年重大疫情防控服务覆盖程度已达到100%,事前、事中和事后服务可考核程度在新冠疫情前后分别由50.54%、61.29%、37.10%提升至65.59%、72.04%和38.71%,提升幅度分别为29.78%、17.54%和4.34%。东部地区事前以及西部地区事中的服务能力在新冠疫情前后分别由78.79%、65.00%提升至89.39%、76.67%(P<0.05),事后阶段的服务能力提升不明显。重大疫情防控服务能力在新冠疫情前后由66.00%提升至73.78%(P<0.001)。结论中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力在新冠疫情前后有所提升,但中部和西部地区仍需持续加强,其中事后评估是服务能力持续提升的重点。

关键词：重大疫情服务能力前后变化事前-事中-事后