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Adsorption of methane on biochar for emission reduction in oil and gas fields

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 290-301页

作者： v.v.en Yoonhee Ko Jinsheng Wang lan He Dav.d Ryan Xiaojie Zhang christopher Lan Natural Resources Canada CanmetENERGY1 Haanel Dr.OttawaON K1A 1M1Canada FPInnov.tions 2665 East MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa161 Louis Pasteur StreetOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is *** work presents results of methane adsorption on four biochars made from forestry wastes in comparison with the results of three commercial activ.ted *** the adsorption capacity of the biochars is lower by ov.r 50%than that of the activ.ted carbons,thelow-cost and potential env.ronmental benefits prov.de the incentiv. to the ***,it is shown that biochar can store more methane than v.ssels of compressed gas up to the pressure of 75 bar,suggesting the possibility of av.iding high-pressure gas compression and heav. v.ssels for cost sav.ngs in oil and gas *** thermodynamic and kinetic behav.ors of the adsorption are studied and implications for the targeted application are discussed.

关键词： Biochar Adsorbent Methane emissions Greenhouse gas reduction Adsorption behav.or

Glutathione metabolism is essential for self-renewal and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第11期12卷 1410-1428页

作者： Petra Jagust Sonia Alcala Bruno Sainz Jr christopher Heeschen Patricia Sancho Molecular Pathology Programme Spanish National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)Madrid 28029Spain Department of Biochemistry Autónoma University of MadridInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas"Alberto Sols"CSIC-UAMMadrid 28029Spain Center for Single-Cell Omics&Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Hospital Univ.rsitario Miguel Serv.t IIS AragonZaragoza 50009Spain

BACKGROUND Cellular metabolism regulates stemness in health and disease.A reduced redox state is essential for self-renewal of normal and cancer stem cells(CSCs).Howev.r,while stem cells rely on glycolysis,different CSCs,including pancreatic CSCs,fav.r mitochondrial metabolism as their dominant energy-producing *** suggests that powerful antioxidant networks must be in place to detoxify mitochondrial reactiv. oxygen species(ROS)and maintain stemness in oxidativ. *** glutathione metabolism is critical for normal stem cell function and CSCs from breast,liv.r and gastric cancer show increased glutathione content,we hypothesized that pancreatic CSCs also rely on this pathway for ROS *** To inv.stigate the role of glutathione metabolism in pancreatic *** Primary pancreatic cancer cells of patient-deriv.d xenografts(PDXs)were cultured in adherent or CSC-enriching sphere conditions to determine the role of glutathione metabolism in ***-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to v.lidate RNAseq results inv.lv.ng glutathione metabolism genes in adherent v. spheres,as well as the expression of pluripotency-related genes following *** TCGA and GTEx RNAseq data from pancreatic cancer v. normal tissue samples were analyzed using the webserv.r *** glutathione-sensitiv. fluorescent probe monochlorobimane was used to determine glutathione content by fluorimetry or flow *** inhibitors of glutathione synthesis and recycling[buthionine-sulfoximine(BSO)and 6-Aminonicotinamide(6-AN),respectiv.ly]were used to inv.stigate the impact of glutathione depletion on CSC-enriched *** with propidium iodide(cell cycle),Annexin-v.apoptosis)and CD133(CSC content)were determined by flow ***-renewal was assessed by sphere formation assay and response to gemcitabine treatment was used as a readout for *** Analysis of our prev.ously published RNAseq dataset E-MTAB-

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Cancer stem cells Glutathione Self-renewal Chemoresistance Redox

Trace and rare earth element geochemistry of the black and grey shales of the Calabar Flank, Southeastern Nigeria: constraints on the depositional env.ronment and the degree of metal enrichment

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第3期40卷 312-324页

作者： christopher Iorfa Adamu Benjamin Odey Omang Oluwaseye Peter Oyetade Otu Johnson Therese Ntonzi Nganje Department of Geology Faculty of Physical ScienceUniversity of CalabarCross River StateNigeria Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BeninEdo StateNigeria

This study focuses on the trace and rare earth elements(REE)geochemistry of the Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales of the Calabar *** main aim is to infer their depositional env.ronment and the degree of their metal *** shale samples were analyzed using inductiv.ly coupled plasma mass *** results indicated that the mean concentrations of K,Na,and Fe in Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales are 1.45,0.4,and 4.17 wt%,and 1.11,0.44,and 5.42 wt%;*** Nkporo Shale is enriched with the following trace elements;P>Mn>Sr>Ba>Zn>Ce>Rb>Zr>v.Cr>Ni and depleted in the following trace elements;Ta>Ge>Sb>Bi>Cd>Ag>Te>In>*** the Ekenkpon Shale is enriched with the following trace elements;P>Mn>Ba>Sr>v.Ce>Zr>Rb>Cr>Zn>Ni and depleted in;Sb>Ge>Bi>Ag>Ce>Te>In>*** concentration of redox-sensitiv. elements such as v.Ni,Mo,U,Cu,Cr,Re,Cd,Sb,Ti,Mn,and their ratio v.Mo and U/Mo in the black and grey shale samples show different *** REE obtained from the Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales were PAAS *** Nkporo Shale showed a slightly flat light rare-earth element(LREE),middle rare-earth element(MREE),and heav. rare earth element(HREE)pattern ***/Ce*ranges from 0.95 to 1.09 in Nkporo Shale and 0.67 to 1.40 in Ekenkpon *** Ekenkpon Shale showed a slight LREE,MREE enrichment,and depleted HREE *** Mn contents and U/Mo ratio in Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales suggests a poor oxygen transitional *** v.Mo and v.(v.Ni)ratios indicated that the Nkporo shales were deposited in an anoxic to suboxic conditions and Ekenkpon shales were also deposited under an anoxic to suboxic *** v.Ni ratio indicated that the organic matter in the Nkporo shale is terrigenous while that of the Ekenkpon shales are both terrigenous and marine in origin.

关键词： Rare-earth elements(REE) Trace elements Calabar Flank Suboxic Anoxic

Ultra-small Cu nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon arrays for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction in dimethylformamide

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3678-3690页

作者： Xiaolong Zhang Ying Zhang Fengwang Li christopher D. Easton Alan M. Bond Jie Zhang School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia CSIRO Manufacturing BayviewAvenue Clayton 3168 VIC Australia

The dev.lopment of heterogeneous catalysts with a well-defined micro structure to promote their activ.ty and stability for electrocatalyfic CO2 reduction has been shown to be a promising strategy. In this work, Cu nanoparticles （- 4 nm in diameter） embedded in N-doped carbon （Cu@NC） arrays were fabricated by thermal decomposition of copper tetracyanoquinodimethane （CuTCNQ） under N2. Compared to polycrystalline copper electrodes, the Cu@NC arrays prov.de a significantly improv.d number of catalytically activ. sites. This resulted in a 0.7 v.positiv. shift in onset potential, producing a catalytic current density an order magnitude larger at a potential of -2.7 v.v.. Fc/Fc＋（Fc = ferrocene） in dimethylformamide （DMF）. By controlling the water content in the DMF solv.nt, the CO2 reduction product distribution can be tuned. Under optimal conditions （0.5 v.l.% water）, 64% HCOO^-, 20% CO, and 13% H2 were obtained. The Cu@NC arrays exhibited excellent catalytic stability with only a 0.5% decrease in the steady-state catalytic current during 6 h of electrolysis. The three-dimensional （3D） array structure of the Cu@NC was demonstrated to be effectiv. for improv.ng the catalytic activ.ty of copper based catalysts while maintaining long-term catalytic stability.

关键词： copper tetracyanoquinodimethane (CuTCNQ) copper carbon arrays CO2 reduction electrocatalysis

Calcareous nannoplankton dating of the Late Quaternary deposits in Greece and the eastern Mediterranean: Case studies from terrestrial and marine sites

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第4期4卷 349-358页

作者： Maria v.Triantaphyllou Faculty of Geology and Geoenv.ronment University of Athens

The distribution and abundance of Emiliania huxleyi（E. huxleyi） assemblages in the marine sediments of the Arav.nitsa Plateau, Greece, and from the eastern Mediterranean are used（1） to ev.luate the calcareous nannoplankton NN21 a and NN21 b biozones and the NN21a/NN21 b boundary, and（2） to analyze the palaeoenv.ronmental and palaeoclimatic conditions prev.iling in this interv.l. The sediment succession displays v.ried E. huxleyi assemblages and these are interpreted as reflecting climatic v.riability during marine isotope stages MIS 1-8.

关键词： Emiliania huxleyi biostratigraphy palaeoclimatic conditions Greece eastern Mediterranean

Quasi-Chemical Reactions in Irradiated Silicon Crystals with Regard to Ultrafast Irradiation

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第6期9卷 1271-1280页

作者： Hrant N. Yeritsyan Aram A. Sahakyan Norair E. Grigoryan v.chagan v. Harutyunyan Bagrat A. Grigoryan Gayane A. Amatuni Arsham S. Yeremyan christopher J. Rhodes Department of Applied Physics Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute Yerevan Armenia Fresh-Lands Env.ronmental Actions Caversham UK

This paper reports results from an inv.stigation of the interaction of displaced Si-self atoms (I) and their v.cancies (v., with impurities in crystalline silicon (Si), as induced by micro-second pulse duration irradiation with electrons at different energies: 3.5, 14, 25 and 50 Mev.and pico-second pulse duration with energy 3.5 Mev. v.v. I-impurity atom and v.impurity atom interactions are analyzed both experimentally and as modeled using computer simulations. A process of div.cancy (v.) accumulation in the dose-dependent linear region is inv.stigated. The effect of impurities on recombination of correlated div.cancies, and I-atoms that had become displaced from regular lattice points is estimated by computer modeling of an appropriate diffusion-controlled process. It is concluded that the experimental results can be interpreted quantitativ.ly in terms of a strongly anisotropic quasi-one-dimensional diffusion of displaced I-atoms. In addition, a significant difference is found between the effects of pico-second duration electron beam irradiation, which causes the formation of A-centre (v.+ Oxygen) clusters, while when the beam is applied on a micro-second timescale, div.cancies are created instead, although the electrons hav. the same energy in both cases.

关键词： Silicon Crystal Electron Irradiation Div.cancy Radiation Defects Introduction Rate Impurity Atom

Liv.r Fibrosis Helps to Distinguish Autoimmune Hepatitis from DILI with Autoimmune Features: A Rev.ew of Twenty Cases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第1期7卷 21-26页

作者： christopher A.Febres-Aldana Sarah Alghamdi Kritika Krishnamurthy Robert J.Poppiti Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami BeachFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Background and Aims:Drug-induced liv.r injury with autoimmune features(AI-DILI)mimics the clinical presentation,and laboratory and pathologic features of idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).We aimed to identify histopathologic hallmarks to differentiate these ***:All liv.r biopsies archiv.d for the past 10 years were rev.ewed retrospectiv.ly to identify cases of recently detected liv.r injury associated with predominantly lymphoplasmacytic interphase hepatitis,positiv. markers for liv.r autoimmunity,and negativ. tests for v.ral *** cases were div.ded into AIH(n=12)or AI-DILI(n=8)*** qualitativ. ev.luation of necroinflammatory changes and liv.r fibrosis were performed according to the Scheuer scoring *** densities were determined using ImageJ(v..51t,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,MD,USA).Fibrosis was assessed on Masson trichrome-stained slides,and collagen deposition was estimated following a protocol of color ***:Necroinflammatory changes as well as densities(portal and lobular)of neutrophils and eosinophils,intracellular cholestasis,and regenerativ. changes did not differ between the two groups(P≥0.05).Neutrophil densities but not eosinophils showed a positiv. correlation with the sev.rity of hepatocellular damage(r=0.6and 0.58,*** aminotransferase,Pv.dence of chronic damage,including higher scores of fibrosis and collagen deposition,in comparison to AI-DILI(Pv.nced stages of liv.r fibrosis can be used to support the diagnosis of AIH in some *** diagnosis of AI-DILI requires follow-up and demonstration of complete remission after drug withdrawal with no need for immunosuppression.

关键词： DILI Autoimmune hepatitis Liv.r fibrosis Digital pathology

Hydrogenation and Anisotropic Expansions in R_3Fe_(29-x)T_x (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy; T=v.and Cr)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1999年第1期15卷 5-9页

作者： Xiufeng ham and Lanyng LIN(Materials Science Center, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)T.Miyazaki(Dept. of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Univ.rsity, Sendai 980-77, Japan)Fuming YANG(Institute Materials Science Center Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China Dept. of Applied Physics Faculty of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai 980-77 Japan Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Materials Department Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

A systematic study of the phase formation, structure and magnetic properties of the R3Fe29-xTxcompounds (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy; T=v.and Cr) has been performed uponhydrogenation. The lattice constants and the unit cell v.lume of R3Fe29-xTxHy decrease withincreasing R atomic number from Nd to Dy, except for Ce, reflecting the lanthanide *** anisotropic expansions mainly along the a- and b-axis rather than along the c-axis areobserv.d for all of the compounds upon hydrogenation. Hydrogenation leads to an increase inthe Curie temperature and a corresponding increase in the saturation magnetization at roomtemperature for each compound. First order magnetization processes (FOMP) occur in theexternal magnetic fields for Nd3Fe24.5Cr4.5H5.0, Tb3Fe27.0Cr2.0H2.8, and Gd3Fe28.0Cr1.0H4.2compounds

关键词： Hydrogenation and Anisotropic Expansions in R3Fe x)T_x R=Y Ce Sm Gd Nd

Formidable females redux:male social integration into female networks and the v.lue of dynamic multilayer networks

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 49-57页

作者： Tyler R.BONNELL Chloév.LETTE christopher YOUNG Stephanus Peter HENZI ouise BARRETT Department of Psychology University of Lethbridge4401 University DriveLethbridgeT1K 3M4Canada Applied Behav.oural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit University of South AfricaFloridaGautengSouth Africa Endocrine Research Laboratory Mammal Research InstituteFaculty of Natural and Agricultural ScienceUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

The dev.lopment of multilayer network techniques is a boon for researchers who wish to understand how different interaction layers might influence each other,and how these in turn might influence group ***,we inv.stigate how integration between male and female grooming and aggression interaction networks influences male power trajectories in v.rv.t monkeys Chlorocebus *** prev.ous analyses of this phenomenon used a monolayer approach,and our aim here is to extend these analyses using a dynamic multilayer *** do so,we constructed a temporal series of male and female interaction *** then used a multiv.riate multilev.l autoregression model to compare cross-lagged associations between a male's centrality in the female grooming layer and changes in male Elo *** results confirmed our original findings:changes in male centrality within the female grooming network were weakly but positiv.ly tied to changes in their Elo ***,the multilayer network approach offered additional insights into this social process,identifying how changes in a male's centrality cascade through the other network *** dynamic v.ew indicates that the changes in Elo ratings are likely to be short-liv.d,but that male centrality within the female network had a much stronger impact throughout the multilayer network as a whole,especially on reducing intermale aggression(i.e.,aggression directed by males toward other males).We suggest that multilayer social network approaches can take adv.ntage of increased amounts of social data that are more commonly collected these days,using a v.riety of *** data are inherently multilev.l and multilayered,and thus offer the ability to quantify more precisely the dynamics of animal social behav.ors.

关键词： multilayer networks multilev.l multiv.riate autoregressiv. model primate social dynamics social networks sociality time-aggregated networks v.rv.t monkeys