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Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the pancreas of female mouse offspring

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 758-768页

作者： Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas Edgar David santiago-sanMartin Eduardo Mendoza-sánchez Héctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez Laura Yanneth Ramírez-Quintanilla christopher Michael Peters Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa 88740TamaulipasMexico Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27101United States

BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia may increase the risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during childhood,adolescence,and adulthood;however,the mechanisms by which gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain *** To quantify the nerve axons,macrophages,and vasculature in the pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with *** GDM was induced by *** of streptozotocin(sTZ)in ICR mouse *** 12 wk old,fasting blood glucose levels were determined in *** 15 wk old,female offspring born from dams with and without GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for *** quantified the density of sensory[calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)]and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)axons,blood vessels(endomucin),and macro-phages(CD68)in the splenic pancreas using confocal *** Offspring mice born from sTZ-treated dams had similar body weight and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from vehicle-treated ***,the density of CGRP+and TH+axons,endomucin+blood vessels,and CD68+macrophages in the exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from mothers with GDM vs control ***,the microvasculature in the islets was significantly greater,but not the number of macrophages within the islets of offspring born from dams with GDM compared to control *** GDM induces neuronal,vascular,and inflammatory changes in the pancreas of adult progeny,which may partially explain the higher propensity for offspring of mothers with GDM to develop metabolic diseases.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Immunohistochemistry Confocal microscopy Pancreas Offspring

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Engineered wettability-gradient porous structure enabling efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 357-367页

作者： Zhefei Pan Lizhen Wu Fengjia Xie Zhewei Zhang Zhen Zhao Oladapo christopher Esan Xuming Zhang Rong Chen Liang An Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and systems(Chongqing University) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400030China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China Department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Research Institute for sports science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China

Regenerative fuel cells can operate alternately as an electrolyzer and as a fuel cell,frequently involving water as a reactant or *** the electrode surface to manipulate water can prevent electrode flooding and enhance the electrode's mass transfer efficiency by facilitating better contact with gaseous ***,conventional electrodes face difficulties in allowing water droplets to penetrate in a single direction leaving *** this work to address this issue,a wettability gradient electrode is designed and fabricated for efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel *** findings demonstrate that the water removal strategy in the electrolyzer mode yields the highest ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency of 3.39×10-10 mol s-1 cm-2 and 0.49%,***,in the fuel cell mode,the discharging process sustains for approximately 20.5 h,which is six times longer than the conventional *** ability to sustain the discharging process for extended periods is particularly advantageous in regenerative fuel cells,as it enables the cells to operate for longer periods without the need for regeneration.

关键词： Regenerative fuel cells Electrode flooding Water manipulation Wettability gradient Water fluxes

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Enantioselective synthesis,(Chir)optical Properties,and Postsynthetic Functionalization of Furan-Containing Oxa[5]-,Oxa[6]-,and Dioxa[6]helicenes

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CCs Chemistry 2024年第10期6卷 2439-2451页

作者： Wei Fu Valentina Pelliccioli Raquel Casares-López Juan M.Cuerva Martin simon christopher Golz Manuel Alcarazo Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de GranadaUnidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y MedioambienteE-18071 Granada

An expedient synthesis of a series of configurationally stable oxa[5]helicenes,oxa[6]helicenes,and dioxa[6]helicenes has been developed using an intramolecular,highly enantioselective,Au-catalyzed,alkyne hydroarylation *** absolute configuration of the newly prepared structures has been established by crystallography,their inversion barriers have been determined theoretically and experimentally,and their chiroptical properties have been *** of these data with those reported for thia-or carbohelicenes sharing an otherwise identical helical framework enables the establishment of comprehensive correlations between the nature of the embedded(hetero)atom(s)and the magnitude of these *** studies on the postsynthetic functionalization of the oxahelicenes obtained are also ***,siteselective bromination at the 15-position in oxa[5]helicene 5d allows its subsequent manipulation into pyridine-containing aza-oxa[7]helicene 13d;while the two termini of oxa[6]helicene 7d have been intramolecularly cyclised into the pleiadeno[1,12,11-bcde]benzofuran derivative 15d by acidic *** transformations take place without erosion of the enantiopurity.

关键词： Au-catalysis enantioselective synthesis oxa[n]helicenes racemization dynamics postsynthetic functionalization

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Amorphous Iridium Oxide-Integrated Anode Electrodes with Ultrahigh Material Utilization for Hydrogen Production at Industrial Current Densities

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 225-239页

作者： Lei Ding Kui Li Weitian Wang Zhiqiang Xie shule Yu Haoran Yu David ACullen Alex Keane Kathy Ayers christopher BCapuano Fangyuan Liu Pu-Xian Gao Feng-Yuan Zhang Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Lab Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak RidgeTN 37831USA Nel Hydrogen WallingfordCT 06492USA Institute of Materials science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Materials science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily scalable electrodeposition at room *** with a Nafion 117 membrane,the IrO_(x)-integrated electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.075 mg cm^(-2)delivers a high cell efficiency of about 90%,achieving more than 96%catalyst savings and 42-fold higher catalyst utilization compared to commercial catalyst-coated membrane(2 mg cm^(-2)).Additionally,the IrO_(x)electrode demonstrates superior performance,higher catalyst utilization and significantly simplified fabrication with easy scalability compared with the most previously reported ***,the remarkable performance could be mainly due to the amorphous phase property,sufficient Ir^(3+)content,and rich surface hydroxide groups in ***,due to the high activity,high cell efficiency,an economical,greatly simplified and easily scalable fabrication process,and ultrahigh material utilization,the IrO_(x)electrode shows great potential to be applied in industry and accelerates the commercialization of PEMECs and renewable energy evolution.

关键词： Ionomer-free Amorphous IrOx electrodes Ultrahigh material utilization scalable electrodeposition Hydrogen production

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Using Linear and Non-Linear Techniques to Characterize Gait Coordination Patterns of Two Individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第9期13卷 391-409页

作者： Charles s. Layne Dacia Martinez Diaz christopher A. Malaya Brock Futrell Christian Alfaro Hannah E. Gustafson Bernhard suter Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuro Engineering and Cognitive science University of Houston Houston TX USA Research Center Parker University Dallas TX USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Childrens Hospital Houston TX USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA

Individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency, an inherited autosomal recessive disorder, exhibit hyperkinetic movements including athetoid, myoclonic, dysmetric, and dystonic movements impacting both upper and lower limb motion. This report provides the first set of laboratory-based measures characterizing the gait patterns of two individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency, using both linear and non-linear measures, during treadmill walking, and compares them to neurotypical controls. Lower limb kinematics were obtained with a camera-based motion analysis system and bilateral time normalized lower limb joint time series waveforms were developed. Linear measures of joint range of motion, stride times and peak angular velocity were obtained, and confidence intervals were used to determine if there were differences between the patients and control. Correlations between participant and control mean joint waveforms were calculated and used to evaluate the similarities between patients and controls. Non-linear measures included: joint angle-angle diagrams, phase-portrait areas, and continuous relative phase (CRP) measures. These measures were used to assess joint coordination and control features of the lower limb motion. Participants displayed high correlations with their control counterparts for the hip and knee joint waveforms, but joint motion was restricted. Peak angular velocities were also significantly less than those of the controls. Both angle-angle and phase-portrait areas were less than the controls although the general shapes of those diagrams were similar to those of the controls. The NGLY1 Deficient participants’ CRP measures displayed disrupted coordination patterns with the knee-ankle patterns displaying more disruption than the hip-knee measures. Overall, the participants displayed a functional walking pattern that differed in many quantitative ways from those of the neurotypical controls. Using both linear and non-linear measures to characterize gait provides a more compre

关键词： NGLY1 Gait Disability Kinematics Angle-Angle Diagrams Phase Portraits

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Inpatient management of iron deficiency anemia in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single center experience

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 107-117页

作者： Krishanth Manokaran Jonathan spaan Giulio Cataldo christopher Lyons Paul D Mitchell Tatyana sare LoriA Zimmerman Paul A Rufo Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND screening for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is important in managing pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Concerns related to adverse reactions may contribute to a reluctance to prescribe intravenous(IV)iron to treat IDA in this *** To track the efficacy and safety of IV iron therapy in treating IDA in pediatric IBD patients admitted to our *** A longitudinal observational cohort study was performed on 236 consecutive pediatric patients admitted to our tertiary IBD care center between september 2017 and December 2019.92 patients met study criteria for IDA,of which 57 received IV iron,17 received oral iron,and 18 were discharged prior to receiving iron *** Patients treated with IV iron during their hospitalization experienced a significant increase of 1.9(±0.2)g/dL in mean(±sE)hemoglobin(Hb)concentration by the first ambulatory follow-up,compared to patients who received oral iron 0.8(±0.3)g/dL or no iron 0.8(±0.3)g/dL(P=0.03).One out of 57(1.8%)patients that received IV iron therapy experienced an adverse *** Our findings demonstrate that treatment with IV iron therapy is safe and efficacious in improving Hb and iron levels in pediatric patients with IDA and active IBD.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease Intravenous iron therapy Inflammatory bowel disease

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AI-enabled materials discovery for advanced ceramic electrochemical cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 55-87页

作者： Idris Temitope Bello Ridwan Taiwo Oladapo christopher Esan Adesola Habeeb Adegoke Ahmed Olanrewaju Ijaola Zheng Li siyuan Zhao Chen Wang Zongping shao Meng Ni Department of Building and Real Estate Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development(RISUD)&Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Mechanical Engineering Wichita State UniversityKansasUSA WA school of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia

Ceramic electrochemical cells(CECs)are promising devices for clean and efficient energy conversion and storage due to their high energy efficiency,more extended system durability,and less expensive ***,the search for suitable materials with desired properties,including high ionic and electronic conductivity,thermal stability,and chemical compatibility,presents ongoing challenges that impede widespread adoption and further advancement in the *** intelligence(AI)has emerged as a versatile tool capable of enhancing and expediting the materials discovery cycle in CECs through data-driven modeling,simulation,and optimization ***,we comprehensively review the state-of-the-art AI applications for materials design and optimization for CECs,covering various material aspects,database construction,data pre-processing,and AI *** also present some representative case studies of AI-predicted and synthesized materials for CECs and provide insightful highlights about their *** emphasize the main implications and contributions of the AI approach for advancing the CEC technology,such as reducing the trial-and-error experiments,exploring the vast materials space,discovering novel and optimal materials,and enhancing the understanding of the materials-performance *** also discuss the AI approach’s main limitations and future directions for CECs,such as addressing the data and model challenges,improving and extending the AI models and methods,and integrating with other computational and experimental *** conclude by suggesting some potential applications and collaborations for AI in materials design for CECs.

关键词： Ceramic electrochemical cells Artificial intelligence Materials design Materials optimization Materials performance Machine learning

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Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1292-1301页

作者： Jun Wu Yige Hu Michael H Perlin David Danko Jun Lu Manuela Oliveira Johannes Werner Maria M Zambrano Maria A sierra Olayinka O Osuolale Paweł Łabaj Nicolás Rascovan Nur Hazlin Hazrin-Chong soojin Jang Haruo suzuki Marina Nieto-Caballero Bharath Prithiviraj Patrick K H Lee Agnieszka Chmielarczyk Anna Różańska Yongxiang Zhao Lan Wang christopher E Mason Tieliu shi Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and the Institute of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Biology Program on Disease EvolutionUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville 40292USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York 10065USA The Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine New York 10065USA Department of Pulmonary Medicine Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China i3s-Instituto de Investiga玢o e Inova玢o em saúde Universidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal Ipatimup-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto Porto 4200-465Portugal Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal High Performance and Cloud Computing Group Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung(ZDV)Eberhard Karls University of TübingenW鋍hterstra遝7672074TübingenGermany Corporación Corpogen Research Center Bogotá110311Colombia Applied Environmental Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases Research(AEMIDR) Department of Biological SciencesElizade UniversityIlara-Mokin 340271Nigeria Maopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Aix-Marseille Université Mediterranean Institute of OceanologyUniversitéde ToulonCNRSIRDUM 110Marseille 83041France Department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangor Institut Pasteur Korea Seoul 13488Republic of Korea Faculty of Environment and Information studies Keio UniversityFujisawaKanagawa 252-0882Japan University of Colorado at Boulder CivilEnvironmental and Architectural DepartmentBoulder 80303USA Brooklyn College of the City University of New York Brooklyn 11210USA school of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineJagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Biological Targeting Diagnosis and The

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)poses a critical threat to global health and development,with environmental factors—particularly in urban areas—contributing significantly to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs).However,most research to date has been conducted at a local level,leaving significant gaps in our understanding of the global status of antibiotic resistance in urban *** address this issue,we thoroughly analyzed a total of 86,213 ARGs detected within 4,728 metagenome samples,which were collected by the Meta sUB International Consortium involving diverse urban environments in 60 cities of 27 countries,utilizing a deep-learning based *** findings demonstrated the strong geographical specificity of urban environmental resistome,and their correlation with various local socioeconomic and medical *** also identified distinctive evolutionary patterns of ARG-related biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)across different countries,and discovered that the urban environment represents a rich source of novel *** study provides a comprehensive overview of the global urban environmental resistome,and fills a significant gap in our knowledge of large-scale urban antibiotic resistome analysis.

关键词： urban environment metagenome antibiotic resistance resistance diversity biosynthetic gene clusters

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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig s Anderson sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C sandset Jeffrey L saver Angela shone Aloysius Niroshan siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola sprigg Philip M Bath stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance service NHs Trust NottinghamUK stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK stroke Research in stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRs)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRs,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(sD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRs>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** Is ALREADY KNOWN ON THIs TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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Pressure-responsive pH-triggered layer-by-layer coating of paclitaxel-eluting balloon catheters for instant high-dose drug delivery for percutaneous coronary artery intervention

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9141-9151页

作者： Jeong Yu Lee shonit Nair sharma sung-Yu Hong Young-Guk Ko Yangsoo Jang Minjae Do Michael christopher stark Qiwen Peng Benjamin Allen Mossburg Bo Chan seo Yuhan Lee Department of Materials science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 305-701Republic of Korea Department of Anesthesiology Perioperativeand Pain MedicineCenter for Accelerated Medical Innovation&Center for NanomedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Republic of Korea Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineSeverance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Republic of Korea

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide,with percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI)using drug-eluting stents(DEs)as the standard treatment for coronary artery *** advancements in DEs technology,challenges such as restenosis and stent thrombosis still necessitate further interventions and carry considerable risks,highlighting an urgent need for a novel therapeutic approach with lower restenosis rates and reduced reintervention *** balloons(DEBs)coated with anti-proliferative agents offer a novel method of local drug delivery for reducing restenosis by directly administering drugs to the lesion ***,efficient delivery of drugs within the brief procedural window while minimizing drug loss during maneuvering to the target site remains a ***,we developed a pressure-responsive and pH-triggered,paclitaxel(PTX)coated DEB catheter for rapid and high-dose delivery of paclitaxel to the lesion sites,overcoming the limitations of drug dispersion and inefficiencies associated with conventional *** the charge reversion of albumin around its isoelectric point,paclitaxel-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles(PTX-HsA-NPs)and heparin were coated using a layer-by-layer deposition method at pH *** exposure to physiological pH(i.e.,7.4),the coating is rapidly released from the balloon *** with a protective shellac coating,the DEB achieved controlled release of high-dose paclitaxel to the arterial tissue in vivo(up to 400μg per gram tissue),exceeding current DEBs in the *** results suggest the pH-responsive,multi-layer coated DEB’s potential for superior procedural outcomes,addressing a critical unmet need in PCI.

关键词： drug-eluting balloon layer-by-layer coating coronary artery disease paclitaxel

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