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Establishing proof of concept:Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate may improve cartilage repair following surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第7期3卷 101-108页

作者： Niall A Smyth christopher d murawski Amgad M Haleem Charles P Hannon Ian Savage-Elliott John G Kennedy department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States

Osteochondral lesions of the talus are common injuries in the athletic patient. They present a challenging clinical problem as cartilage has a poor potential for healing. Current surgical treatments consist of reparative(microfracture) or replacement(autologous osteochondral graft) strategies and demonstrate good clinical outcomes at the short and medium term follow-up. Radiological findings and second-look arthroscopy however, indicate possible poor cartilage repair with evidence of fibrous infill and fissuring of the regenerative tissue following microfracture. Longer-term follow-up echoes these findings as it demonstrates a decline in clinical outcome. The nature of the cartilage repair that occurs for an osteochondral graft to become integrated with the native surround tissue is also of concern. Studies have shown evidence of poor cartilage integration,with chondrocyte death at the periphery of the graft, possibly causing cyst formation due to synovial fluid ingress. Biological adjuncts, in the form of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC), have been investigated with regard to their potential in improving cartilage repair in both in vitro and in vitro settings. The in vitro literature indicates that these biological adjuncts may increase chondrocyte proliferation as well as synthetic capability, while limiting the catabolic effects of an inflammatory joint environment. These findings have been extrapolated to in vitro animal models, with results showing that both PRP and BMAC improve cartilage repair. The basic science literature therefore establishes the proof of concept that biological adjuncts may improve cartilage repair when used in conjunction with reparative and replacement treatment strategies for osteochondral lesions of the talus.

关键词： Osteochondral lesion Cartilage repair Platelet-rich plasma Bone marrow aspirate concentrate

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： christopher J.O’Connell Matthew J.Robson department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Comparative analysis of empirical and deep learning models for ionospheric sporadic E layer prediction

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： BingKun Yu PengHao Tian XiangHui Xue christopher JScott HaiLun Ye JianFei Wu Wen Yi Tingdi Chen XianKang dou Institute of deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration LaboratoryHefei 230088China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66BBUK

Sporadic E(Es)layers in the ionosphere are characterized by intense plasma irregularities in the E region at altitudes of 90-130 *** they can significantly influence radio communications and navigation systems,accurate forecasting of Es layers is crucial for ensuring the precision and dependability of navigation satellite *** this study,we present Es predictions made by an empirical model and by a deep learning model,and analyze their differences comprehensively by comparing the model predictions to satellite RO measurements and ground-based ionosonde *** deep learning model exhibited significantly better performance,as indicated by its high coefficient of correlation(r=0.87)with RO observations and predictions,than did the empirical model(r=0.53).This study highlights the importance of integrating artificial intelligence technology into ionosphere modelling generally,and into predicting Es layer occurrences and characteristics,in particular.

关键词： ionospheric sporadic E layer radio occultation ionosondes numerical model deep learning model artificial intelligence

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Jet flows from bubbles during subcooled pool boiling on micro wires

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第4期48卷 385-402页

作者： d. M. christopher Laboratory of Phase Change and Interfacial Transport Phenomena Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

An experimental investigation was conducted on subcooled nucleate boiling on ultra-small wires having diameters of 25―100 μm. High-speed photography and laser PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technology were used to visually observe the bubble dynamics. For highly subcooled boiling at moderate heat fluxes, the bubbles generally remained attached to the micro heating wires and bubble-top jet flows were clearly observed. Smaller bubbles usually had stronger bubble-top jet flows, while larger bubbles seemed to produce multi-jet flows. The structures of the bubble-top jet flows, as well as multi-jet flows, were proposed from the experimental observation. A model was developed to describe jet flow phenomena from bubbles on micro wires. Numerical simulations for bubbles having diameter of 0.03 and 0.06 mm showed that both the bubble-top and multi-jet flows were induced by a strong Marangoni effect due to high temperature gradients near the wire. The predicted velocity magnitudes and flow structures agreed very well with experimental measurements. The bubble size relative to the wire is an important factor affecting the jet flow structure. For a 0.03 mm bubble on a 0.1 mm wire, only a bubble-top jet flow forms, while a complex multi-jet flow pattern forms around the bubble with a weak bubble-top jet and two side jet flows for a 0.06 mm bubble.

关键词： subcooled boiling, bubble, multi-jet, jet flow, PIV, Marangoni, CFd.

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On a connectedness principle of Shokurov-Kollr type

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第3期62卷 411-416页

作者： christopher d.Hacon Jingjun Han department of Mathematics University of Utah Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University

Let(X, ?) be a log pair over S, such that-(KX+ ?) is nef over S. It is conjectured that the intersection of the non-klt(non Kawamata log terminal) locus of(X, ?) with any fiber Xs has at most two connected components. We prove this conjecture in dimension no greater than 4 and in arbitrary dimension assuming the termination of klt flips.

关键词： minimal model program non-klt locus connectedness

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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and fatty liver: Association or causal link?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4243-4252页

作者： Mohamed H Ahmed christopher d Byrne Chemical Pathology department Southampton University Hospital NHS Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Endocrinology and Metabolism DOHaD Division University of Southampton and Southampton University Hospitals Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex disorder that consists of upper airway obstruction, chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. OSA is well known to be associated with hypoxia, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, and these factors can occur in the presence or absence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Although it is well established that insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and obesity occur frequently with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLd), it is now becoming apparent that hypoxia might also be important in the development of NAFLd, and it is recognized that there is increased risk of NAFLd with OSA. This review discusses the association between OSA, NAFLd and cardiovascular disease, and describes the potential role of hypoxia in the development of NAFLd with OSA.

关键词： Sleep apnea syndrome Hyperlipidemia Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance

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Experimental Study of High Moisture Content Gas Flow Across a Cylinder at Moderate Reynolds Numbers

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2003年第5期8卷 598-604页

作者： d.M.christopher 郭亮 department of Thermal Engineering

The Nusselt number for cross flow of a mixture of air and vapor over a cylinder was measured at moderate Reynolds numbers (30007000) for temperatures from 300℃ to 700℃ and for vapor mass fractions of 0.180.35. Results are also presented for a set of three cylinders aligned perpendicular to the flow for the same range of conditions. The effect of the vapor concentration and temperature on the convection coefficients was investigated to develop a modified Zhukauskas correlation. The results show that the Nusselt number increases as the moisture content increases and that the increase is more than could be accounted for by typical models for the property variations of mixtures. The exponent of the vapor concentration term in the modified correlation is 0.145 for the entire data set indicating the importance of the property variation due to the moisture content.

关键词： high moisture content cross flow convection coefficients heat exchangers

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Tuning periodicity of polymer-decorated carbon nanotubes

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第5期55卷 802-807页

作者： LAIRd Eric d. LI christopher Y. A. J. drexel Nanotechnology Institute and department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is one of the most extensively investigated nanomaterials. Patterning soft matter such as liquid crystals and polymers on CNTs could potentially enable various applications for CNTs. We have demonstrated that controlled polymer crystallization using CNTs as the 1d nucleation sites can lead to periodically functionalized CNTs. Here we show that selected crystalline block copolymers can be periodically decorated along CNTs. This facile technique opens a gateway to periodic patterning on 1-d nanomaterials.

关键词： polymer crystallization carbon nanotube block copolymers

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Modeling visitor use on high elevation mountain trails: An example from Longs Peak in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第12期16卷 2882-2893页

作者： david PETTEBONE Ashley d'ANTONIO Abigail SISNEROS-KIdd christopher MONZ National Park Service Natural Resources Stewardship and ScienceEnvironmental Quality DivisionSocial Science Program80525 Fort CollinsColoradoUSA Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society97331 CorvallisOregonUSA Utah State University Quinney College of Natural Resources84322 LoganUtahUSA Current Affiliation:University of Wyoming Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources82072 LaramieWyomingUSA

Increasing use on mountain summits has both social and ecological *** numbers of visitors climbing mountain summits can be a safety issue,particularly in areas where terrain or elevation leads to queueing that may cause time *** visitor use levels at site specific locations en route to summits is needed to understand the potential benefits and impacts of visitor use in these ***,it can be difficult to obtain reliable and robust data to estimate use and develop statistical relationships because of the remote and harsh climates on mountain summits,as well as the financial and personnel requirements involved to collect the data in remote *** 2015,data were collected on the higher stretches of the Keyhole Route on Longs Peak in Rocky Mountain National Park,USA(RMNP)to better understand use levels near the summit and to explore potential statistical relationships to trailhead use data that are relatively easy to *** statistical relationships from robust regression analyses were found between trailhead use counts and daily and hourly use totals on the"Homestretch"which is a final section of the Keyhole ***,a strong statistical relationship was found between total daily use and maximum hourly use on the *** results suggest that trailhead counts are an accurate and reliable means from which to estimate use levels on upper portions of the Keyhole ***,this research demonstrates the usefulness of an approach using proxy variables to estimate visitor use along remote peaks where data collection can be *** types of data can elucidate various options and decisions for park management teams who are charged with deciding if and how to manage high use areas.

关键词： Visitor use Mountain summits National parks Use estimation Recreation use Proxy variables

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Protecting miners from coal bursts during development above historic mine workings in Harlan County,KY

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 111-116页

作者： christopher Mark Mine Safety and Health Administration PittsburghPA 15236USA

In order to reach a large,untapped reserve of high-quality coal,d8 Cloverlick Mine proposed to mine a corridor nearly 600 m deep beneath the Benham Spur of Black Mountain,Kentucky’s highest peak.d8 Cloverlick Mine was extracting the Owl seam,but the corridor’s route lay approximately 20 m above century-old mine workings in the C–(darby)*** to the concern,three serious coal bursts had recently occurred in nearby Owl seam *** of the old workings seemed to indicate that the underlying C–seam had been fully ***,two of the coal bursts had occurred above areas where the C–Seam was also shown as mined *** Safety and Health Administration(MSHA)Technical Support therefore investigated the records of past mining to better understand the old mine *** conditions observed in current Owl seam workings were also compared with the maps of the old C–seam *** study concluded that the presence of hazardous underlying remnants could not be ruled *** mitigate the burst risk,d8 Cloverlick Mine adopted a strategy of stress probe drilling.A self-propelled coal drill was used to auger 11.5-m-long,small diameter holes in advance of *** each hole was drilled,the cuttings were measured to detect the presence of highly stressed *** the crossing was successfully completed without incident.

关键词： Coal bursts Underground mining Room-and-pillar destressing

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