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Fungal Diversity 2015年第6期75卷 279-297页

作者： christopher b.zambell James F.White Graduate Program in Ecology&Evolution Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Department of Plant biology&Pathology 59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Endophytic and epiphytic fungal assemblages from stems of ***,a shrubby vine,were studied in order to(1)quantify differences and the degree of overlap between fungal communities of both micro-habitats,and(2)examine whether fungal assemblages are spatially correlated at the local scale(tens to hundreds of meters),in order to understand if dispersal limitation may play a role in structuring these *** was conducted over 160 m of growth along a forest *** communities showed low overlap(bray-Curtis Similarity=0.22),with most species that were common in one habitat appearing rarely if at all in the other,and only Aureobasidium pullulans showing high frequency in *** assemblages proved to be spatially correlated along the 160 m length of the transect,and even more so when adjacent pairs of stems were considered as the unit of comparison rather than individual *** assemblages showed no significant spatial correlation along the ***,three species of endophytes showed a pattern in which abundance of colonies peaked at different heights on the *** boninense showed peak abundance at 3 cm from the stem *** sp.1 peaked at 33 cm from the stem *** isolates of *** peaked at 63 cm from the stem *** was also found that positive correlative relationships were detected between endophyte-endophyte,and epiphyte-epiphyte ***-group interactions seemed to center around crossover species that were not entirely constrained within the surface or interior.

关键词： Colletotrichum Phomopsis Phyllosticta Local dispersal Tissue preference

In situ spontaneous emission control of MoSe2-WSe2 interlayer excitons with high quantum yield

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Photonics Research 2025年第1期13卷 210-224页

作者： bO HAN CHIRAG C.PALEKAR FREDERIK LOHOF SVEN STEPHAN VICTOR N.MITRYAKHIN JENS-CHRISTIAN DRAWER ALEXANDER STEINHOFF LUKAS LACKNER MARTIN SILIES báRbARA ROSA MARTIN ESMANN FALK EILENbERGER christopher GIES STEPHAN REITZENSTEIN CHRISTIAN SCHNEIDER Institut für Physik Fakult?t VCarl von Ossietzky Universit?t Oldenburg Institut für Festk?rperphysik Technische Universit?t Berlin Institute for Theoretical Physics and bremen Center for Computational Material Science Universit?t Bremen Institute for Lasers and Optics Hochschule Emden/Leer Fraunhofer-Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller Universit?t Jena Max Planck School of Photonics

Optical resonators are a powerful platform to control the spontaneous emission dynamics of excitons in solidstate nanostructures. We study a MoSe2-WSe2heterostructure that is integrated in a cryogenic open optical microcavity to gain insights into fundamental optical properties of the emergent interlayer excitons. First, we utilize a low-quality-factor planar open cavity and investigate the modification of the excitonic lifetime as on-and offresonance conditions are met with consecutive longitudinal modes.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Nanostructures Optical properties Optical resonators Quantum fluctuations Zeeman effect

Comparative analysis of empirical and deep learning models for ionospheric sporadic E layer prediction

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： bingKun Yu PengHao Tian XiangHui Xue christopher JScott HaiLun Ye JianFei Wu Wen Yi TingDi Chen XianKang Dou Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration LaboratoryHefei 230088China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66BBUK

Sporadic E(Es)layers in the ionosphere are characterized by intense plasma irregularities in the E region at altitudes of 90-130 *** they can significantly influence radio communications and navigation systems,accurate forecasting of Es layers is crucial for ensuring the precision and dependability of navigation satellite *** this study,we present Es predictions made by an empirical model and by a deep learning model,and analyze their differences comprehensively by comparing the model predictions to satellite RO measurements and ground-based ionosonde *** deep learning model exhibited significantly better performance,as indicated by its high coefficient of correlation(r=0.87)with RO observations and predictions,than did the empirical model(r=0.53).This study highlights the importance of integrating artificial intelligence technology into ionosphere modelling generally,and into predicting Es layer occurrences and characteristics,in particular.

关键词： ionospheric sporadic E layer radio occultation ionosondes numerical model deep learning model artificial intelligence

Signals and noise in the octavolateralis systems: What is the impact of human activities on fish sensory function?

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 4-14页

作者： christopher b.bRAUN Department of Psychology Hunter CollegeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA

The octavolateralis systems of fishes include the vestibular,auditory,lateral line and electrosensory *** are united by common developmental and neuro-computational features,including hair cell sensors and computations based on cross-neuron analyses of differential hair cell stimulation *** systems also all use both spectral and temporal filters to separate signals from each other and from noise,and the distributed senses(lateral line and electroreception)add spatial filters as *** all sensory systems,these sensors must provide the animal with guidance for adaptive behavior within a sensory scene composed of multiple stimuli and varying levels of ambient noise,including that created by human *** the extreme,anthropogenic activities impact the octavolateralis systems by destroying or degrading the habitats that provide ecological resources and sensory *** slightly lesser levels of effect,anthropogenic pollutants can be damaging to fish tissues,with sensory organs often the most *** exposed sensory cells of the lateral line and electrosensory systems are especially sensitive to aquatic *** still lesser levels of impact,anthropogenic activities can act as both acute and chronic stressors,activating hormonal changes that may affect behavioral and sensory ***,human activities are now a nearly ubiquitous presence in aquatic habitats,often with no obvious effects on the animals exposed to *** noise,indigenous and industrial fishing techniques,and all the ancillary noises of human civilization form a major part of the soundscape of *** fish use these new sources of information about their habitat is a new and burgeoning field of study.

关键词： audition,electrosense lateral line soundscape underwater noise

SARS-CoV-2:the many pros of targeting PLpro

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 633-634页

作者： christopher b.McClain Nicolas Vabret Department of Medicine Hematology and Medical OncologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA

A new study1 published in Nature compares the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease(PLpro)to promote innate immune *** findings identify SARS-CoV-2 PLpro as an attractive drug target for tr... 详细信息

关键词： attractive finding Nature

Structure,short-range order,and phase stability of the Al_(x)CrFeCoNi high-entropy alloy:insights from a perturbative,DFTbased analysis

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 339-353页

作者： christopher D.Woodgate George A.Marchant Livia b.Pártay Julie b.Staunton Department of Physics University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK H.H.Wills Physics Laboratory University of BristolRoyal FortBristolBS81TLUK Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK

We study the phase behaviour of the Al_(x)CrFeCoNi high-entropy *** approach is based on a perturbative analysis of the internal energy of the paramagnetic solid solution as evaluated within the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker formulation of density functional theory,using the coherent potential approximation to average over *** application of a Landau-type linear response theory,we infer preferential chemical orderings *** addition,we recover a pairwise form of the alloy internal energy suitable for study via atomistic simulations,which in this work are performed using the nested sampling algorithm.

关键词： alloy entropy phase

Integrated ab initio modelling of atomic ordering and magnetic anisotropy for design of FeNi-based magnets

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 303-316页

作者： christopher D.Woodgate Laura H.Lewis Julie b.Staunton Department of Physics University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK H.H.Wills Physics Laboratory University of BristolRoyal FortBristolBS81TLUK Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA

We describe an integrated modelling approach to accelerate the search for novel,single-phase,multicomponent materials with high magnetocrystalline anisotropy(MCA).For a given system we predict the nature of atomic ordering,its dependence on the magnetic state,and then proceed to describe the consequentMCA,magnetisation,and magnetic critical temperature(Curie temperature).Crucially,within our modelling framework,the same ab initio description of a material’s electronic structure determines all aspects.

关键词： anisotropy magnetic atomic

Strategies towards robust interpretations of in situ zircon oxygen isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 241-255页

作者： Janne Liebmann christopher L.Kirkland John b.Cliff christopher J.Spencer Aaron J.Cavosie Timescales of Mineral Systems Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthAustralia Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashington 99354United States Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada Space Science and Technology Centre The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary ScienceCurtin UniversityPerthAustralia

Oxygen isotopes are a versatile tool to address a wide range of questions in the Earth *** include geothermometry,paleoclimatology,tracing of geochemical reservoirs,fluid-rock interaction,magmatic petrogenesis,and identification of extra-terrestrial *** arguably provides one of the most robust records of primary magmatic O isotope ratio due to low diffusion rates in crystalline *** ability to correlate zircon O isotopes with temporal and petrogenetic information(e.g.U-Pb geochronology,Lu-Hf isotopes,and trace elements)makes this mineral a key archive for understanding Earth’s crustal ***,zircon O isotope geochemistry has found widespread usage to address fundamental questions across the earth and planetary *** general apparent ease of O isotopic acquisition through the advancement of rapid in situ techniques(*** ion mass spectrometry;SIMS)and associated dedicated national laboratories has led to the generation of large O isotopic data sets of variable quality,highlighting the importance of a coherent workflow for data collection,reduction,and *** paper presents a set of approaches for measurement,assessment,and reporting of zircon O isotope *** focus in this contribution is on in situ analysis via secondary ion mass spectrometry using large geometry instruments,but other commonly used techniques are briefly reviewed for *** work aims to provide an analytical framework necessary for geologically meaningful interpretation of O isotope *** addition,we describe inherent geological(***-induced disturbance of the zircon O isotopic system)and analytical(*** due to sample topography effects)challenges and outline means to identify and avoid such issues as a prerequisite to the generation of robust primary O isotopic signatures for geological interpretation.

关键词： In situ Oxygen isotopes Zircon SIMS Secondary ion mass spectrometry Off-mount standard

Variations in zonal fruit starch concentrations of apples – a developmental phenomenon or an indication of ripening?

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 84-92页

作者： Franziska C Doerflinger William b Miller Jacqueline F Nock christopher b Watkins Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA School of Agriculture Food&WineUniversity of AdelaideWaite CampusGlen Osmond5064South AustraliaAustralia

Patterns of starch hydrolysis in stem,equatorial,and calyx zones of‘Honeycrisp’and‘Empire’apples(Malus sylvestris(L.)Mill ***(borkh.)Mansf.)during maturation and ripening,and in‘Gala’apples in response to propylene or 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatments after harvest,were *** in zonal starch concentrations were found for‘Empire’and‘Gala’fruits,but not for‘Honeycrisp’.During maturation and ripening of‘Empire’,the concentration of starch was highest in the calyx end and lowest in the stem region.Differences in rates of starch hydrolysis among zones were not detected.‘Honeycrisp’and‘Empire’had the highest concentration of sorbitol in the calyx region,whereas it was highest in the stem-end region in‘Gala’.The distribution differences of glucose,fructose,and sucrose were similar in all three cultivars;higher fructose and glucose concentrations in the stem region,and higher sucrose concentrations in the calyx end of the *** treatment of‘Gala’with propylene did not affect the internal ethylene concentration of the fruit but 1-MCP markedly inhibited *** concentrations were highest in the calyx end but gradients of starch among zones were not changed by postharvest *** rate of hydrolysis was slowed by 1-MCP treatment,but was unaffected by *** treatments influenced sorbitol,glucose,and fructose *** of starch concentration among the zones did not confirm differences in ripening,but reflected its uneven distribution throughout the fruit during ***,measured differences in zonal starch are most likely related to starch accumulation during fruit development,rather than differences in rates of starch degradation during ripening.

关键词： cultivar fir starch

Release of unwanted flat-bodied fish from a horizontal-bar grid system as revealed through comparative fishing trials and underwater video observations

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 348-358页

作者： christopher b.Rillahan Pingguo He School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth836 South Rodney French BoulevardNew BedfordMA02744USA

Grid systems separate fish species primarily through physical means:fish size and body *** Georges bank off the northeast USA,many species of flounders are overfished,and their catch needs to be ***-bodied skates are also often *** tested a European style horizontal-bar grid system to reduce these flat-bodied low quota species in a trawl targeting the haddock(Melanogrammus aeglefinus),whose population is *** grid system consisted of 4 grid sections,two on each side,with horizontal bars 70 mm *** alternating tow method was used to compare the catch characteristics between a trawl with a grid section and the same trawl without a grid section.A video camera was used to observe fish escape in the grid *** results indicate that the grid system reduced the flounder catch rate(mainly winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus)by 51.3%,and skates(mainly winter skate,Leucoraja ocellata and little skate,Leucoraja erinacea)by 29.4%,while there were no differences in the catch of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua).While haddock was reduced by 37%by weight,the reduction was primarily small undersized *** was no reduction in large haddock greater than 50 *** observations indicates that flounders and cod mainly escaped from the bottom half of the grid while haddock were from the top *** finding suggest that this system reduced low quota flounders,as well as discarded skates and small haddock,while retaining Atlantic cod and large size *** observations indicate that differential spacing(narrower on the top and wider on the bottom)may improve the system performance by releasing more flat-bodied fish,that were observed to escape from the bottom part of the grid,while retaining more haddock,which typically escape from the top part of the grid.

关键词： Trawl bycatch Selectivity Flounder Skate Haddock Atlantic cod