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Enter.c glia mediate neur.nal outgr.wth thr.ugh r.lease of neur.tr.phic factor.

Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2012年第28期7卷 2165-2175页

作者： christopher r. hansebout Kir.n r.ddy Donald Zhang Michel P. r.thbone Depar.ment of Sur.er. (Neur.sur.er. Neuroscience and Neurobiology) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre HamiltonON L8S 4K1 Canada Hamilton Neur.r.stor.tive Gr.up (Nr.) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada Cleveland Clinic Spine Institute Cleveland OH 44195 USA Depar.ment of Medicine (Neur.logy Neurobiochemistry) McMaster University Health Sciences Centre Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada

Pr.vious studies have shown that tr.nsplanted enter.c glia enhance axonal r.gener.tion, r.duce tissue damage, and pr.mote functional r.cover. following spinal cor. injur.. However. the mechanisms by which enter.c glia mediate these beneficial effects ar. unknown. Neur.tr.phic factor. can pr.mote neur.nal differ.ntiation, sur.ival and neur.te extension. We hypothesized that enter.c glia may exer. their.pr.tective effects against spinal cor. injur. par.ially thr.ugh the secr.tion of neur.tr.phic factor.. In the pr.sent study, we demonstr.ted that pr.mar. enter.c glia cells r.lease ner.e gr.wth factor. br.in-der.ved neur.tr.phic factor.and glial cell line-der.ved neur.tr.phic factor.over.time with their.concentr.tions r.aching appr.ximately 250, 100 and 50 pg/mL of cultur. medium r.spectively after.48 hour.. The biological r.levance of this secr.tion was assessed by incubating dissociated dor.al r.ot ganglion neur.nal cultur.s in enter.c glia-conditioned medium with and/or.without neutr.lizing antibodies to each of these pr.teins and evaluating the differ.nces in neur.te gr.wth. We discover.d that conditioned medium enhances neur.te outgr.wth in dor.al r.ot ganglion neur.ns. Even though ther. was no detectable amount of neur.tr.phin-3 secr.tion using ELISA analysis, the neur.te outgr.wth effect can be attenuated by the antibody-mediated neutr.lization of each of the afor.mentioned neur.tr.phic factor.. Ther.for., enter.c glia secr.te ner.e gr.wth factor. br.in-der.ved neur.tr.phic factor. glial cell line-der.ved neur.tr.phic factor.and neur.tr.phin-3 into their.sur.ounding envir.nment in concentr.tions that can cause a biological effect.

关键词： spinal cor. injur. dor.al r.ot ganglia enter.c glia neur.tr.phic factor neur.te outgr.wth r.gener.tion cell cultur. immunohistochemistr. centr.l ner.ous system neur.r.gener.tion

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Locally tr.nsplanted enter.c glia impr.ve functional and str.ctur.l r.cover. in a r.t model of spinal cor. injur.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2009年第9期4卷 710-716页

作者： Shucui Jiang Mohammad I. Khan James r. Bain Cai Jiang christopher r. hansebout Zesheng Yu Yuqing Liu Michel P, r.thbone Depar.ments of Neur.sur.er. and Neur.biology. McMaster.Univer.ity Health Sciences Centr. 4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada Depar.ments of Neur.logy Neurochemistry and Neuroscience McMaster University · Health Sciences Centre ·4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada Depar.ment of Plastic Sur.er. McMaster University · Health Sciences Centre ·4N71B 1200 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada

BACKGr.UND： We have pr.viously r.por.ed that adult enter.c glia （EG） facilitate the gr.wth of tr.nsected dor.al r.ot axons into the uninjur.d spinal cor. to for. functional connections with their.tar.ets. OBJECTIVE： The pr.sent study investigated the effects of EG on spinal cor. function, tissue injur., and axonal r.gener.tion following tr.nsplantation into injur.d r.t spinal cor.s, accor.ing to histological and functional outcomes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A r.ndomized contr.lled animal exper.ment was per.or.ed at McMaster.Univer.ity, Canada fr.m Januar. 2006 to Mar.h 2008. MATEr.ALS： EG wer. isolated fr.m r.t intestine, METHODS： One week following spinal cor. cr.sh, female Wistar.r.ts wer. injected with an EG suspension （2 μL, 1 × 10^5/μL, n = 10） or.with the same volume of fr.sh cultur. medium alone （contr.l animals, n = 11）. The thir. gr.up did not r.ceive any injection following laminectomy and ser.ed as the sham-oper.ted contr.ls （n = 5）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUr.S： Behavior.was tested pr.or.to tr.nsplantation and weekly following tr.nsplantation, with nine behavior.l examinations in total. Open field, hind limb placement r.sponse foot or.entation r.sponse, and inclined plane test wer. utilized. Immediately following the final behavior.l examination, spinal cor. T9 to L1 segments wer. har.ested for.immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin staining to deter.ine astr.glial scar.ing, axonal r.gener.tion and spinal cor. lesion size. r.SULTS： r.ts with EG tr.nsplantation exhibited significantly better.locomotor.function with r.duced tissue damage, compar.d with the contr.l r.ts. Cystic cavities wer. pr.sent 2 months after.injur. in spinal cor.s fr.m both contr.l gr.ups. In contr.st, r.ts injected with EG did not pr.sent with cystic lesions. In addition, the injur. site consisted of cellular.mater.al and ner.e fiber., and axonal r.gener.tion was appar.nt, with dense labeling of neur.filament-positive axons within the injur. site. Mor.over. r.gener.ting axons wer. intim

关键词： enter.c glia cell tr.nsplantation locomotor.function histology spinal cor. injur. axonal r.gener.tion

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Effect of cylinder.wall par.meter. on the final packing density of mono-disper.e spher.s subject to thr.e-dimensional vibr.tions Author.links open over.ay panel

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Par.icuology 2024年第8期91卷 211-225页

作者： Jack r.Gr.gan Andr.i L.Nicuşan christopher r.K.Windows-Yule School of Chemical Engineer.ng The University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK

Achieving densely packed par.icles is desir.ble within the industr.es of cer.mics,phar.aceuticals,defence and additive *** this wor.,we use the discr.te element method(DEM)to deter.ine the effect of wall par.meter. on the final packing density of mono-disper.e spher.s subject to 4 var.ing thr.e-dimensional vibr.tion and fill *** focus specifically on the impact of the container.wall par.meter. on the par.icles'final packing *** on fr.m the validation of the DEM simulation the par.icle-wall coefficient of r.stitution,the par.icle-wall coefficient of r.lling fr.ction and the par.icle-wall coefficient of sliding fr.ction wer. var.ed individually and the effect on the final packing density *** r.latively low par.icle-par.icle fr.ction glass beads,the effect of these wall pr.per.ies had no discer.ible effect on the final packing density *** on fr.m these findings the par.icle-wall pr.per.ies wer. var.ed at the extr.me values of par.icle-par.icle coefficient of r.lling fr.ction and par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding *** a par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of r.stitution r.sulted in a minor.incr.ase in the final packing density of par.icles though this was not statistically *** a par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of r.lling fr.ction r.sulted in a minor.decr.ase in the final packing density of the par.icles though again not to a degr.e wher. the tr.nd can,with complete cer.ainty,be distinguished fr.m the r.ndom er.or.acr.ss the ***,when the par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of sliding fr.ction r.sulted in a significant decr.ase in the final packing density of *** decr.ase was attr.buted to the pr.pagation of for.e chains thr.ughout the *** significant decr.ase in final packing density with

关键词： Vibr.packing Packing Densification Vibr.tion Discr.te element method Fr.ction Wall fr.ction r.stitution

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Near.infr.r.d double-cable conjugated polymer. based on alkyl linker. with tunable length for.single-component or.anic solar.cells

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Chinese Chemical Letter. 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： Yikun Wang Qiaomei Chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao christopher r.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center.for.Soft Matter.Science and Engineer.ng&State Key Labor.tor. of Or.anic-Inor.anic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Applied Chemistr. Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The photovoltaic pr.per.ies of double-cable conjugated polymer. ar. significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linker. that connect donor.backbones and acceptor.side units. In this study, a ser.es of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydr.inden-1-ylidene)malononitr.le(IC)-based double-cable polymer. with alkyl linker. r.nging fr.m C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) wer. synthesized for.single-component or.anic solar.cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker.length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power.conver.ion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs incr.ase fr.m P8 to P12 and then decline fr.m P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absor.tion, char.e tr.nspor., and mor.hology pr.vide insights into the under.ying factor. contr.buting to these PCE var.ations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic pr.per.ies obser.ed in P12 can be attr.buted to thr.e key factor.: A delicate balance between enhanced char.e separ.tion facilitated by the incr.ased spacer.length and r.duced cr.stallinity r.sulting fr.m longer.spacer., higher.char.e mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electr.n tr.nspor. char.cter.stics. This study highlights the cr.tical r.le of linker.length in deter.ining the photovoltaic pr.per.ies of double-cable conjugated polymer.based SCOSCs and offer. valuable guidance for.the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymer..

关键词： Single-component or.anic solar.cells Double-cable conjugated polymer. Photovoltaic pr.per.ies Alkyl linker.

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Photosynthetic r.sponse to a winter.heatwave in leading and tr.iling edge populations of the inter.idal r.d alga Cor.llina offi-cinalis(r.odophyta)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 70-77页

作者： r.gina Kolzenbur. Feder.ca r.gazzola Laur. Tambur.llo Katy r.Nicastr. christopher D.McQuaid Ger.r.o I.Zar.i UmeåMar.ne Sciences Centr. UmeåUniversity90571 NorrbynSweden Univer.ity of Por.smouth Institute of Marine SciencePortsmouth PO49LYUK Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohr. Genova Marine CenterGenova 16126Italy Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohr. Sicily Marine CenterPalermo 90149Italy Depar.ment of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhanda(Grahamstown)6139South Africa Centr. of Mar.ne Sciences University of AlgarveFaro 8005-139Portugal Labor.toir. d’Océanologie et de Géosciences Universitéde LilleLille 59000France Univer.itéde Caen Nor.andie Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes AquatiquesCaen 14032France

Mar.ne heatwaves(MHWs)caused by anthr.pogenic climate change ar. becoming a key dr.ver.of change at the ecosystem *** conditions exper.enced by mar.ne or.anisms acr.ss their.distr.bution,par.icular.y towar.s the equator.ar. likely to appr.ach their.physiological limits,r.sulting in extensive mor.ality and subsequent changes at the population *** at the mar.ins of their.species’distr.bution ar. thought to be mor. sensitive to climate-induced envir.nmental pr.ssur.s than centr.l populations,but our.under.tanding of var.ability in fitness-r.lated physiological tr.its in tr.iling ver.us leading-edge populations is *** a labor.tor. simulation study,we tested whether.two leading(Iceland)and two tr.iling(Spain)per.pher.l populations of the inter.idal macr.alga Cor.llina officinalis display differ.nt levels of maximum potential quantum efficiency(Fv/Fm)r.silience to cur.ent and futur. winter.MHWs *** study r.vealed that ongoing and futur. local winter.MHWs will not negatively affect leading-edge populations of ***,which exhibited stable photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout the *** edge populations showed a positive though non-significant tr.nd in photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout winter.MHWs *** and equator.ar. populations did not pr.duce significantly differ.nt r.sults,with winter.MHWs having no negative affect on Fv/Fm of either.***,we found no long-ter. r.gional or.population-level influence of a winter.MHWs on this species’photosynthetic ***,we found no statistically significant differ.nce in ther.al str.ss r.sponses between leading and tr.iling ***,*** showed a tr.nd towar.s higher.str.ss r.sponses in souther. than nor.her. *** r.sponses r.st on a var.ety of local population tr.its,they ar. difficult to pr.dict based solely on ther.al pr.ssur.s.

关键词： mar.inal population cor.lline algae climate change ecophysiology photophysiology macr.algae Fv/Fm

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IgE-Mast cell mediated aller.y: a sensor.of food quality

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Signal Tr.nsduction and Tar.eted Ther.py 2024年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： christopher C.Udoye r.dolf A.Manz Institute for.Systemic Inflammation r.sear.h University of LübeckLübeckGermany

In two r.cent studies published in Natur.,Flor.heim et *** Plum et *** that aller.ic-specific r.actions induced by immunoglobulin(Ig)E mediated mast cell activation is cr.cial for.the timely induction of antigen-avoidance behaviour.1,2 These studies pr.ve the concept that aller.ic sensitization tr.gger. the for.ation of avoidance behaviour.and define the under.ying molecular.mechanism.

关键词： aller.ic mechanism

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Tocotr.enol isofor.s:The molecular.mechanisms under.ying their.effects in cancer.ther.py and their.implementation in clinical tr.als

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Jour.al of Integr.tive Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： Mar.a Younes Ghady Loubnane christopher Sleiman Sandr. r.zk Depar.ment of Natur.l Sciences Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon

Tocotr.enols ar. found in a var.ety of natur.l sour.es,like r.ce br.n,annatto seeds and palm oil,and have been shown to have sever.l health-pr.moting pr.per.ies,par.icular.y against chr.nic diseases such as *** incidence of cancer.is r.pidly incr.asing ar.und the wor.d,not only a r.sult of continued aging and population gr.wth,but also due to the adoption of aspects of the Wester. lifestyle,such as high-fat diets and low-physical *** liter.tur. pr.vides str.ng evidence that tocotr.enols ar. able to inhibit the gr.wth of var.ous cancer.,including br.ast,lung,ovar.an,pr.state,liver.br.in,colon,myeloma and pancr.atic *** findings,along with the r.por.ed safety pr.file of tocotr.enols in healthy human volunteer.,encour.ge fur.her.r.sear.h into these compounds’potential use in cancer.pr.vention and *** cur.ent r.view pr.vided detailed infor.ation about the molecular.mechanisms of action of differ.nt tocotr.enol isofor.s in var.ous cancer.models and evaluated the potential ther.peutic effects of differ.nt vitamin E analogues on impor.ant cancer.hallmar.s,such as cellular.pr.lifer.tion,apoptosis,angiogenesis and ***/PubMed and Scopus databases wer. used to identify r.cently published ar.icles that investigated the anticancer.effects of vitamin E der.vatives in var.ous types of cancer.in vitr. and in vivo along with clinical evidence of adjuvant chemopr.ventive *** an over.iew of pr.-clinical studies,we descr.be sever.l completed and ongoing clinical tr.als that ar. paving the way for.the successful implementation of tocotr.enols in cancer.chemother.py.

关键词： Vitamin E Tocotr.enols Cancer Molecular.mechanism Clinical tr.als

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Dynamics of self-hybr.dized exciton–polar.tons in 2D halide per.vskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Sur.ndr. B.Ananthar.man Jason Lynch christopher E.Stevens christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andr.w Tor.a Thomas Dar.ington Fr.ncis Coen Kevin Li Ar.a Majumdar.PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Har.tyunyan Joshua r.Hendr.ckson Deep Jar.wala Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Systems Engineer.ng University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBr.Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air.For.e r.sear.h Labor.tor. Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Depar.ment of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Depar.ment of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Depar.ment of Chemical and Biomolecular.Engineer.ng Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Nanoengineer.ng Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Pr.gr.m Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Computer.Engineer.ng University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electr.n–hole pair.,in two-dimensional hybr.d or.anic inor.anic per.vskites(2D HOIPs)ar. capable of for.ing hybr.d light-matter.states known as exciton-polar.tons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybr.dize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP cr.stals that for. a r.sonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental pr.per.ies of these self-hybr.dized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their.r.le in ultr.fast ener.y and/or.char.e tr.nsfer.at inter.aces,r.main ***,we demonstr.te that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP cr.stals on Au substr.tes ar. capable of suppor.ing multiple-or.er. of self-hybr.dized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factor.(>100)and modulate the optical disper.ion for.the cr.stal to enhance sub-gap absor.tion and *** var.ing excitation ener.y and ultr.fast measur.ments,we also confir. ener.y tr.nsfer.fr.m higher.ener.y E–Ps to lower.ener.y E–***,we also demonstr.te that E–Ps ar. capable of char.e tr.nspor. and tr.nsfer.at *** findings pr.vide new insights into char.e and ener.y tr.nsfer.in E–Ps opening new oppor.unities towar.s their.manipulation for.polar.tonic devices.

关键词： char.e polar excitation

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Application of super.ised machine lear.ing to pr.dict the enhanced gas r.cover. by CO2 injection in shale gas r.ser.oir.

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Petr.leum 2024年第1期10卷 124-134页

作者： Moataz Mansi Mohamed Almobar.k Jamiu Ekundayo christopher Lagat Quan Xie Discipline of Petr.leum Engineer.ng WA School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University

The technique of Enhanced Gas r.cover. by CO2injection（CO2-EGr. into shale r.ser.oir. has br.ught incr.asing attention in the r.cent decade. CO2-EGr.is a complex geophysical pr.cess that is contr.lled by sever.l par.meter. of shale pr.per.ies and engineer.ng design. Never.heless, mor. challenges ar.se when simulating and pr.dicting CO2/CH4displacement within the complex por. systems of shales. Ther.for.,the petr.leum industr. is in need of developing a cost-effective tool/appr.ach to evaluate the potential of applying CO2injection to shale r.ser.oir.. In r.cent year., machine lear.ing applications have gained enor.ous inter.st due to their.high-speed per.or.ance in handling complex data and efficiently solving pr.ctical pr.blems. Thus, this wor. pr.poses a solution by developing a super.ised machine lear.ing（ML） based model to pr.liminar. evaluate CO2-EGr.efficiency. Data used for.this wor. was dr.wn acr.ss a wide r.nge of simulation sensitivity studies and exper.mental investigations. In this wor., linear.r.gr.ssion and ar.ificial neur.l networ.s（ANNs） implementations wer. consider.d for.pr.dicting the incr.mental enhanced CH4. Based on the model per.or.ance in tr.ining and validation sets, our.accur.cy compar.son showed that（ANNs） algor.thms gave 15% higher.accur.cy in pr.dicting the enhanced CH4compar.d to the linear.r.gr.ssion model. To ensur. the model is mor. gener.lizable, the size of hidden layer. of ANNs was adjusted to impr.ve the gener.lization ability of ANNs model. Among ANNs models pr.sented, ANNs of 100 hidden layer.size gave the best pr.dictive per.or.ance with the coefficient of deter.ination（r.） of 0.78 compar.d to the linear.r.gr.ssion model with r.of 0.68. Our.developed MLbased model pr.sents a power.ul, r.liable and cost-effective tool which can accur.tely pr.dict the incr.mental enhanced CH4by CO2injection in shale gas r.ser.oir..

关键词： Ar.ificial intelligence Super.ised Machine Lear.ing Shale Gas Enhanced Shale Gas r.cover. CO 2 Injection CO 2 sequestr.tion

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The semiotics of humor.in cultur.l tr.uma:a pilot study on digital methodology concer.ing the evolution and over.oming of tr.uma thr.ugh humor.on the example of r.ck and Mor.y

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第2期10卷 203-221页

作者： Felix Poschinger.christopher Shannon Univer.ity of Hambur. Hamburg20148Germany Independent TokyoJapan

This pilot study on humor.in cultur.l tr.uma uses innovative digital methodologies in speech r.cognition and social media analysis via Postman and Python in the Twitter.API v2 to pr.pose differ.nt for.s to gather.and analyze empir.cal data on semiotics and humor.to be used in a br.ader.*** given example of humor.us instances on the cultur.l tr.uma of 9/11 in the fictional sitcom r.ck and Mor.y is limited but cor.obor.ted by a second example that is str.ctur.lly differ.nt fr.m the fir.t:humor.about 9/11 in stand-up comedy by Louis *** on the data,humor.in tr.uma seems to under.o a 5-phase-typology r.lated to the Kübler.r.ss model of gr.ef,which is mended by the(digital)par.icipation of ***,we ar.ue,both shapes the discour.e on humor.in tr.uma and over.omes the tr.umatic effects thr.ugh humor.us discour.e.

关键词： cultur.l tr.uma humor.theor. Kübler.r.ss model collective memor.

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