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Investigation into a practical approach and application of cotton fiber elongation

Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第1期6卷 13-24页

作者： DELHOM christopher D. WANJURA john D. PELLETIER Mathew G. HOLT Gregory A. HEQUET Eric F. USDA-ARS New OrleansLA 70124USA USDA-ARS LubbockTX 79403USA Texas Tech University LubbockTX 79409USA

Background The strength of cotton fiber has been extensively studied and significantly improved through selec-tive breeding,but fiber elongation has largely been ignored,even though elongation contributes to determining the energy needed to break *** developments to calibrate the high volume instrument(HVI)for elongation has renewed interest in ***,it is not understood how best to utilize yet another fiber property which has the potential to add to the complexity of fiber *** explore a practical approach to applying elongation,cot-ton samples were tested using single fiber methods,the Stelometer,and the *** of strength,elongation,and combined properties such as modulus were *** HVI testing was shown to be sensitive enough to characterize elongation differences but unlike single fiber testing it was unable to capture within-sample *** bundle testing,like Stelometer and HVI was shown to reduce bias due to fiber *** The use of secant modulus,an intrinsic material property,allowed for one value to represent both strength and *** modulus was shown to contain more useful information than either elongation or ***-to-break was shown to be more influenced by a specific value of breaking force or elongation rather than the intrinsic behavior of the sample being *** the influence of genetics and environment on elongation,and its interaction with other fiber properties,requires additional *** modulus,by combining strength and elongation into one value,shows the potential to incorporate elongation values into fiber characteriza-tion without increasing the complexity of current fiber selection processes.

关键词： Cotton Elongation Tenacity Work-to-break ModulusBackground

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Outcomes of combination MRI-targeted and transperineal template biopsy in restaging low-risk prostate cancer for active surveillance

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Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第3期5卷 184-193页

作者： Kenneth Chen Kae Jack Tay Yan Mee Law Hakan Aydin Henry Ho christopher Cheng john Shyi Peng Yuen Department of Urology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Department of Diagnostic Radiology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Department of Pathology Singapore General HospitalSingapore

Objective:Active surveillance(AS)offers a strategy to reduce overtreatment and now is a widely accepted treatment option for low-risk prostate *** ideal tool for risk-stratification would detect aggressive cancers and exclude such men from taking up AS in the first *** evaluate if a combination of transperineal template biopsy with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-targeted biopsy identifies significant prostate cancer amongst men initially diagnosed with low-risk prostate ***:This prospective,single-blinded study included men with low-risk prostate cancer(D’Amico’s Criteria)diagnosed on conventional transrectal ultrasound-guided *** first underwent multiparametric MRI of the prostate6 weeks after initial *** suspicious lesion is mapped and assigned a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PIRADS)*** biopsy is first performed with the surgeon blinded to MRI findings followed by MRI-targeted biopsy using a robotic transperineal biopsy ***:The age of the 19 men included is 65.4±4.9 years(mean±SD).Prostate specific antigen(PSA)at diagnosis and at the time of transperineal biopsy were comparable(7.3±1.7 ng/mL and 7.0±1.8 ng/mL,p Z 0.67),so were prostate volumes(34.2±8.9 mL and 32.1±13.4 mL,p Z 0.28).MRI-targeted biopsy had a higher percentage of cancer detection per core compared to template biopsy(11.7%vs.6.5%,p Z 0.02),this was more than 3 times superior for Gleason 7 disease(5.9%vs.1.6%,p<0.01).Four of 18(22.2%)patients with MRI lesions had significant disease with MRI-targeted biopsy *** of 19 patients(15.8%)had significant disease with template biopsy *** combination,both techniques upclassified five patients(26.3%),all of whom underwent radical *** mount histology confirmed tumour location and *** six patients with PIRADS 5 lesions had cancer detected(66.6%significant disease).Conclusion:A combination of MRI-targeted and template biopsy may optimally risk-classi

关键词： Active surveillance Magnetic resonance imaging Targeted biopsy Transperineal prostate biopsy Robotic biopsy Low-risk prostate cancer

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High tolerance to mutations in a Chlamydia trachomatis peptide deformylase loop

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011年第5期2卷 90-97页

作者： christopher B Oey Christal Lewis john E Kerrigan Department of Physiology and Biophysics Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854United States Cancer Institute of New Jersey Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyPiscatawayNew BrunswickNJ 08903 United States

AIM:To determine if and how a loop region in the peptide deformylase(PDF)of Chlamydia trachomatis regulates enzyme function. METHODS:Molecular dynamics simulation was used to study a structural model of the chlamydial PDF(cPDF) and predict the temperature factor per residue for the protein backbone ***-directed mutagenesis was performed to construct cPDF *** properties of the resulting variants were determined by an enzyme assay using formyl-Met-Ala-Ser as a substrate. RESULTS:In silico analysis predicted a significant increase in atomic motion in the DGELV sequence(residues 68-72)of a loop region in a cPDF mutant,which isresistant to PDF inhibitors due to two amino acid substitutions near the active site,as compared to wild-type *** D68R and D68R/E70R cPDF variants demonstrated significantly increased catalytic *** E70R mutant showed only slightly decreased efficiency. Although deletion of residues 68-72 resulted in a nearly threefold loss in substrate binding,this deficiency was compensated for by increased catalytic efficiency. CONCLUSION:Movement of the DGELV loop region is involved in a rate-limiting conformational change of the enzyme during ***,there is no stringent sequence requirement for this region for cPDF enzyme activity.

关键词： Antibacterial Chlamydia Peptide deformylase Sexually transmitted infection

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Estimating a Finite Population Mean under Random Non-Response in Two Stage Cluster Sampling with Replacement

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第5期7卷 834-848页

作者： Nelson Kiprono Bii christopher Ouma Onyango john Odhiambo Institute of Mathematical Sciences Strathmore University Nairobi Kenya Department of Statistics Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

Non-response is a regular occurrence in Sample Surveys. Developing estimators when non-response exists may result in large biases when estimating population parameters. In this paper, a finite population mean is estimated when non-response exists randomly under two stage cluster sampling with replacement. It is assumed that non-response arises in the survey variable in the second stage of cluster sampling. Weighting method of compensating for non-response is applied. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator of the population mean are derived. Under mild assumptions, the estimator is shown to be asymptotically consistent.

关键词： Non-Response Nadaraya-Watson Estimation Two Stage Cluster Sampling

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Analysis for Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Honey from Kabale District, South-Western Uganda

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第10期10卷 476-487页

作者： Benon Ntirushize john Wasswa Emmanuel Ntambi christopher Adaku Department of Chemistry Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda.

This study was motivated by the reported accumulation of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) residues in the various environmental matrices within Uganda, resulting from their use in agriculture and health sectors. This raised a concern of the likelihood of the accumulation of the OCPs residues in the honey produced within the country which would affect its purity as well as quality and consequently its competition on the world market. Sixty representative honey samples were collected from selected local beekeepers from four sampling stations in Muko sub-county, Kabale, and extracted for OCPs using a solid-phase procedure followed by a florisil column packed clean-up method and Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) analysis. Confirmation of the selected samples was done using an Agilent (6890N, USA) gas chromatograph combined with a mass spectrometer. Recoveries of spiked samples ranged from 71% to 96%, except for pp-DDE (54%), with relative standard deviations from 2% to 14% in terms of repeatability, and from 4% to 17% in terms of reproducibility. Limits of quantification were from 0.003 to 0.1 mg·kg-1. Endosulfan sulfate was the most frequently detected in 38% of the samples, followed by HexaChloroBenzene (Lindane) in 21% of the samples. Residues of DDT and their metabolites were detected in 17% of the samples. Mean concentrations of the pesticide residues detected range from ND (not detected) to 1.53 μg/Kg. The acceptable Maximum residual limits (MLRs) are 200 - 300 μg·kg-1 fresh weight for dieldrin, 500 μg·kg-1 for DDT and break down products, and 50 μg·kg-1 wet weight for Lindane (WHO/FAO 2011). Results indicate that the levels of OCP residues detected in honey from the country’s South Western District of Kabale were within the acceptable limits, and hence this honey was safe for human consumption.

关键词： Persistent Organic Pollutants Organochlorine Pesticides Metabolites Kabale District Honey

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Multimodal epidermal devices for hydration monitoring

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 267-277页

作者： Siddharth Krishnan Yunzhou Shi R.Chad Webb Yinji Ma Philippe Bastien Kaitlyn E.Crawford Ao Wang Xue Feng Megan Manco Jonas Kurniawan Edward Tir Yonggang Huang Guive Balooch Rafal M.Pielak john A.rogers Department of Materials Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA L’Oreal Tech Incubator California Research Center953 Indiana StreetSan FranciscoCA 94107USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical EngineeringMaterials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA L’Oréal Research and Innovation 1 Avenue Eugène SchullerAulnay sous Bois 93601France Department of Engineering Mechanics Center for Mechanics and MaterialsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China L’Oréal Early Clinical 133 Terminal AvenueClarkNJ 07066USA Departments of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical EngineeringChemistryMechanical EngineeringElectrical Engineering and Computer Scienceand Neurological SurgeryCenter for Bio-Integrated ElectronicsSimpson Querrey Institute for Nano/biotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Precise,quantitative in vivo monitoring of hydration levels in the near surface regions of the skin can be useful in preventing skinbased pathologies,and regulating external *** we introduce multimodal sensors with important capabilities in this context,rendered in soft,ultrathin,‘skin-like’formats with numerous advantages over alternative technologies,including the ability to establish intimate,conformal contact without applied pressure,and to provide spatiotemporally resolved data on both electrical and thermal transport properties from sensitive regions of the *** in vitro studies and computational models establish the underlying measurement principles and associated approaches for determination of temperature,thermal conductivity,thermal diffusivity,volumetric heat capacity,and electrical impedance using simple analysis *** studies on 20 patients subjected to a variety of external stimuli validate the device operation and allow quantitative comparisons of measurement capabilities to those of existing state-of-the-art tools.

关键词： epidermal electronics hydration monitoring thermal characterization

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Hairy Root Cultures and Plant Regeneration in <i>Solidago nemoralis</i>Transformed with <i>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 1675-1678页

作者： Samir Kumar Gunjan Joseph Lutz Ashton Bushong Dennis Trent rogers john Littleton Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Lexington USA Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Lexington USA Naprogenix Inc. Lexington USA.

By screening a native plant extract library we identified Solidago nemoralis as a novel source of agonists for alpha7 nicotinic receptors for acetylcholine with therapeutic potential. The next phase of our drug discovery strategy is to increase the yields of active compounds in the plant species by gain of function mutations in hairy root cultures [1]. Here we report a protocol for Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation of hairy root cultures of Solidago nemoralis which will enable this. Leaf explants of this species were successfully transformed with a frequency of 30%-35% using A. rhizogenes strain R1000 harboring the binary vector pCambia 1301. Transformation was confirmed using the β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical assay. Transformed hairy roots showed spontaneous regeneration of adventitious shoots in media without the addition of cytokines, albeit at very low frequency. However, media supplementation with auxin (α-naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA) increased shoot regeneration frequency to 35% and resulted in viable adventitious shoots. Transformation was confirmed at all phases of plant regeneration by GUS staining. Hairy root transformation of Solidago altissima has been previously reported, but this is the first report of genetic transformation of S. nemoralis. The protocol will allow for a large population of activation tagged mutants of S. nemoralis to be generated which will be then screened for the presence of stable mutants which are over-producing metabolites with activity at alpha7 nicotinic receptors. These over-producing mutant cultures will then be regenerated into intact mutant plants.

关键词： Agrobacterium rhizogenes Hairy Root Regeneration Solidago nemoralis

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Adansonia digitata aqueous leaf extract ameliorates dexamethasone-induced testicular injury in male Wistar rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第3期10卷 113-120页

作者： Joseph Babatunde Dare Abdulfatai Olakunle Ojewale Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan john Adakole Adole Gloria Enevwo Okotie christopher Oloruntoba Akintayo Ayobami Dare Department of Anatomy Osun State UniversityCollege of Health SciencesOsogboOsunNigeria Department of Anatomy Bingham University KaruNasarawa StateNigeria Department of Anatomy Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesLagos State UniversityCollege of MedicineIkejaLagosNigeria Laboratory for Reproductive Biology and Developmental Programming Department of PhysiologyEdo UniversityUzairueIyamhoEdo StateNigeria Department of Physiology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Physiology Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkitiNigeria Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesBingham UniversityKaruNasarawa StateNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia(A.)digitata L on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in male Wistar ***:Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 170-190 g were divided into four ***Ⅰreceived 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 28 days and served as the normal control group;groupⅡreceived 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone(a synthetic glucocorticoid)intraperitoneally for 7 days and 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 21 days,groupⅢreceived 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 800 mg/kg of *** extract orally for 21 days;groupⅣreceived 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 300 mg/kg of vitamin-E orally for 21 *** was administered intra-peritoneally for 7 days and all administration lasted for 28 *** rats were sacrificed by anesthesia with diethyl ether and the testes of each animal were *** testis was homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose at 4℃for biochemical and histological ***:Administration of dexamethasone significantly decreased body weight,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PDH),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)(P<0.05),and significantly increased malondialdehyde(MDA)activities(P<0.05).The degeneration in the population of spermatogonia and vacuolation and abnormal widening of the interstitial spaces were observed in the rats treated with ***,administration of *** significantly increased SOD,GPx,G6PDH,and LDH levels,significantly decreased MDA activities and improved the histoarchitecture of the testis(P<0.05).Conclusions:*** may have an ameliorative effect on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

关键词： Adansonia digitata L Dexamethasone Vitamin E Testis Oxidative stress Wistar rats

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Vanishing bile duct syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults:A report of two cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期19卷 115-121页

作者： Ana Paula Oppenheimer christopher Koh Mary McLaughlin john C Williamson Thomas D Norton Jennifer Laudadio Theo Heller David E Kleiner Kevin P High Caryn G Morse Section of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109-7205United States Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of DiabetesDigestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States Laboratory of Immunoregulation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Laboratory of Pathology Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109-7205United States Laboratory of Pathology National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States Department of Critical Care Medicine National Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States

Vanishing bile duct syndrome(VBDS) is a group of rare disorders characterized by ductopenia,the progressive destruction and disappearance of intrahepatic bile ducts leading to *** in association with medications,autoimmune disorders,cancer,transplantation,and infections,the specific mechanisms of disease are not *** date,only 4 cases of VBDS have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected *** report 2 additional cases of HIV-associated VBDS and review the features common to the HIV-associated *** includes hyperbilirubinemia,normal liver imaging,and negative viral and autoimmune hepatitis *** HIV-infected subjects,VBDS occurred at a range of CD4+ T-cell counts,in some cases following initiation or change in antiretroviral *** was associated with two cases;nevirapine,antibiotics,and viral co-infection were suggested as etiologies in the other *** HIV-positive patients with progressive cholestasis,early identification of VBDS and referral for transplantation may improve outcomes.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Antiretroviral therapy Vanishing bile duct syndrome Ductopenia Liver biopsy

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Assessing volcanic origins within detrital zircon populations——A case study from the Mesozoic non-volcanic margin of southern Australia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1371-1381页

作者： Milo Barham christopher L. Kirkland Martin Danisík Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET)- Curtin Node The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia GeoHistory Facility John de Laeter CenterCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Detrital zircon U/Pb geochronology is a common tool used to resolve stratigraphic questions,inform basin evolution and constrain regional geological *** favourable circumstances,detrital zircon populations can contain a concomitant volcanic contribution that provides constraints on the age of ***,for non-volcanic settings,proving isolated detrital zircon grains are from contemporaneous and potentially remote volcanism is *** we use same grain(U-Th)/He thermochronology coupled with U/Pb geochronology to identify detrital zircon grains of contemporary volcanic origin.(U-Th)/He ages from Cretaceous zircon grains in southern Australia define a single population with a weighted mean age of 104±6.1 *** from zircon U/Pb geochronology and palynology(~104.0-107.5 Ma).Detrital zircon trace-element geochemistry is consistent with a continental signature for parent rocks and coupled with detrital grain ages,supports derivation from a>2000 km distant early-to mid-Cretaceous Whitsunday Volcanic Province in eastern ***,integration of biostratigraphy,single-grain zircon double-dating(geochronology and thermochronology)and grain geochemistry enhances fingerprinting of zircon source region and transport history.A distal volcanic source and rapid continental-scale transport to southern Australia is supported here.

关键词： Provenance Grain history Thermochronology Geochronology Source to sink Trace-elements

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