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Muscle energy technique for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:A feasibility study

journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第3期21卷 245-253页

作者： Danielle A.Baxter Meaghan E.Coyle Catherine j Hill christopher Worsnop johannah L.Shergis School of Health and Biomedical Sciences Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology UniversityBundooraVictoria 383Australia Department of Physiotherapy Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Institute for Breathing and Sleep HeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of implementing a manual therapy technique(muscle energy technique,MET)protocol in a hospital pulmonary rehabilitation(PR)program for patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Participants aged 40 years and over,with moderate to severe COPD,were recruited into this 12-week *** primary outcome measures were feasibility(acceptability of the intervention and attendance/adherence to the trial)and safety(adverse events,AEs).All participants received the MET and PR *** and assessors were ***-standardized MET was delivered on 6 occasions(a maximum of once per week)at the hospital directly before a PR *** undertook PR sessions as per the hospital program at a frequency of two days per week for 8 *** were contacted 4 weeks after their final MET treatment via a telephone call to assess acceptability of the ***:Thirty-three participants were enrolled,with a median age of 74 years(range 45-89 years).The median number of MET sessions that participants attended was 5(range O-6)out of a possible 6 sessions(83%attendance).At follow-up,participants overwhelmingly enjoyed the MET treatment with some subjectively reporting improved *** were no major AEs related to the intervention,with the majority of AEs classified as expected events related to COPD ***:It is feasible to implement a manual therapy protocol using MET as an adjunct to PR in a hospital *** rates were satisfactory and there were no AEs related to the MET component of the intervention.

关键词： Manual therapy Pulmonary rehabilitation Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Double-sided friction stir welding of Nitronic-40 stainless steel for application in tokamak devices

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第28期159卷 170-183页

作者： Supreeth Gaddam Ravi Sankar Haridas Deepthi Tammana Charlie Sanabria christopher j.Lammi Diana Berman Rajiv S.Mishra Center for Friction Stir Processing Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes Institute University of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of North TexasDentonTX76207USA Commonwealth Fusion Systems CambridgeMAUSA

Nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels(N-ASS)are widely utilized to fabricate various structural components in tokamak type fusion reactors owing to their suitable mechanical and functional *** components are exposed to a range of temperatures(4-500 K)and interact closely with the magnetic fields that are used to control and contain the plasma within the tokamak ***-40(N40)or XM-11 stainless steel is one such N-ASS used for fabricating structural components in the mag-netic and vacuum vessel systems in tokamak *** of most of the larger components in the magnetic and vacuum vessel systems typically involves some type of fusion-based welding *** study presents a double-sided friction stir welding(FSW)approach as an alternative to fusion welding processes to join 12 mm thick N40 plates to obtain joints with a low fraction ofδferrite(a detrimen-tal ferromagnetic phase),high joint efficiency,no sensitization and loss of hardness in the heat affected zone,and minimal nitrogen desorption from the weld *** double-sided FSW approach yielded superior weldments when compared to similar joints accomplished by fusion welding for application in tokamak devices.

关键词： Friction stir welding Nitronic-40 stainless steel XM-11 stainless steel Magnetic and vacuum vessel systems Tokamak devices

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Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity,sleep duration,and risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study of 282,473 ***

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 65-72页

作者： Mitch j.Duncan Stina Oftedal christopher E Kline Ronald C.Plotnikoff Elizabeth G.Holliday School of Medicine&Public Health College of HealthMedicineand WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Health&Human Development The University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA School of Education University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:To examine the joint associations between meeting guidelines for physical activity(PA)and sleep duration and all-cause mortality risk among ***:Participants were adults(n=282,473)aged 18-84 years who participated in the 2004-2014 *** Health Interview *** status was ascertained using the National Death Index through December ***-reported PA(Active:meeting both aerobic(AER)and muscle-strengthening(MSA)guidelines,AER only(AER),MSA only(MSA),or not meeting either AER or MSA(Inactive))and sleep duration(Short,recommended(Rec),or Long)were classified according to guidelines,and 12 PA-sleep categories were *** hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)for all-cause mortality risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression ***:A total of 282,473 participants(55%females)were included;18,793 deaths(6.7%)occurred over an average follow-up of 5.4 *** to the Active-Rec group,all other PA-sleep groups were associated with increased mortality risk except for the Active-Short group(hazard ratio=1.08;95%CI:0.92-1.26).The combination of long sleep with either MSA or Inactive appeared to be *** a given sleep duration,mortality risk progressively increased among participants classified as AER,MSA,and *** each activity level,the mortality risk was greatest among adults with long ***:Relative to adults meeting guidelines for both PA and sleep duration,adults who failed to meet guidelines for both AER and muscle strengthening PA and who also failed to meet sleep duration guidelines had elevated all-cause mortality *** results support interventions targeting both PA and sleep duration to reduce mortality risk.

关键词： Activity-sleep patterns All-cause mortality Prospective Resistance training

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Promising applications of D-amino acids in periprosthetic joint infection

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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 248-272页

作者： Matthew Caldwell Megan Hughes Fei Wei christopher Ngo Raven Pascua Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi Melanie j.Coathup Biionix Cluster&College of Medicine University of Central FloridaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityCF103AT WalesUK Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineUniversity of Central Florida6900 Lake NonaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA

Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TjA)in the elderly is *** joint infection(PjI)represents one of the most challenging complications that can occur following TjA,and as the number of primary and revision TjAs continues to rise,an increasing PjI burden is *** advances in operating room sterility,antiseptic protocols,and surgical techniques,approaches to prevent and treat PjI remain difficult,primarily due to the formation of microbial *** difficulty motivates researchers to continue searching for an effective antimicrobial *** dextrorotatory-isoforms of amino acids(D-AAs)are essential components of peptidoglycan within the bacterial cell wall,providing strength and structural integrity in a diverse range of *** many tasks,D-AAs regulate cell morphology,spore germination,and bacterial survival,evasion,subversion,and adhesion in the host immune *** administered exogenously,accumulating data have demonstrated that D-AAs play a pivotal role against bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation;furthermore,D-AAs have substantial efficacy in promoting biofilm *** presents D-AAs as promising and novel targets for future therapeutic *** their emerging antibacterial efficacy,their role in disrupting PjI biofilm formation,the disassembly of established TjA biofilm,and the host bone tissue response remains largely *** review aims to examine the role of D-AAs in the context of *** to date suggest that D-AA bioengineering may serve as a promising future strategy in the prevention and treatment of PjI.

关键词： prevention spite furthermore

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Structure-guided Capacitance Relationships in Oxidized Graphene Porous Materials Based Supercapacitors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第4期6卷 58-69页

作者： Srinivas Gadipelli Hanieh Akbari juntao Li christopher A.Howard Hong Zhang Paul R.Shearing Dan j.L.Brett College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK Department of Physics and Astronomy University College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK

Supercapacitors formed from porous carbon and graphene-oxide(GO)materials are usually dominated by either electric double-layer capacitance,pseudo-capacitance,or *** to these combined features,reduced GO materials have been shown to offer superior capacitance over typical nanoporous carbon materials;however,there is a significant variation in reported values,ranging between 25 and 350 F g^(−1).This undermines the structure(e.g.,oxygen functionality and/or surface area)-performance relationships for optimization of cost and scalable *** work demonstrates important structure-controlled charge storage *** this,a series of exfoliated graphene(EG)derivatives are produced via thermal-shock exfoliation of GO precursors and following controlled graphitization of EG(GEG)generates materials with varied amounts of porosity,redox-active oxygen groups and graphitic *** results show significantly varied capacitance values between 30 and 250 F g^(−1)at 1.0 A g^(−1)in GEG structures;this suggests that for a given specific surface area the redox-active and hydrophilic oxygen content can boost the capacitance to 250–300%higher compared to typical mesoporous carbon *** with identical oxygen functionality show a surface area governed *** allows to establish direct structure-performance relationships between 1)redox-active oxygen functional concentration and capacitance and 2)surface area and capacitance.

关键词： electric double-layer capacitance graphene-oxide pseudocapacitance structure-performance relationships supercapacitors

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Characterization of the tribologically relevant cover layers formed on copper in oxygen and oxygen-free conditions

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Friction 2023年第8期11卷 1505-1521页

作者： Selina RAUMEL Khemais BARIENTI Hoang-Thien LUU Nina MERKERT Folke DENCKER Florian NÜRNBERGER Hans jürgen MAIER Marc christopher WURZ Institute of Micro Production Technology Leibniz Universität HannoverGarbsen 30823Germany Institut für Werkstoffkunde(Materials Science) Leibniz Universität HannoverGarbsen 30823Germany Institute of Applied Mechanics Clausthal University of TechnologyClausthal-Zellerfeld 38678Germany

Engineering in vacuum or under a protective atmosphere permits the production of materials, wherever the absence of oxygen is an essential demand for a successful processing. However, very few studies have provided quantitative evidence of the effect of oxidized surfaces to tribological properties. In the current study on 99.99% pure copper, it is revealed that tribo-oxidation and the resulting increased abrasive wear can be suppressed by processing in an extreme high vacuum (XHV) adequate environment. The XHV adequate atmosphere was realized by using a silane-doped shielding gas (1.5 vol% SiH4 in argon). To analyse the influence of the ambient atmosphere on the tribological and mechanical properties, a ball–disk tribometer and a nanoindenter were used in air, argon, and silane-doped argon atmosphere for temperatures up to 800 ℃. Resistance measurements of the resulting coatings were carried out. To characterize the microstructures and the chemical compositions of the samples, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used. The investigations have revealed a formation of η-Cu3Si in silane-doped atmosphere at 300 ℃, as well as various intermediate stages of copper silicides. At temperatures above 300 ℃, the formation of γ-Cu5Si were detected. The formation was linked to an increase in hardness from 1.95 to 5.44 GPa, while the Young’s modulus increased by 46% to 178 GPa, with the significant reduction of the wear volume by a factor of 4.5 and the suppression of further oxidation and susceptibility of chemical wear. In addition, the relevant diffusion processes were identified using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

关键词： wear behavior tribochemical reaction oxidation behavior surface analysis molecular dynamics(MD)simulation

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Development process for a higher capacity Propsetter~ system

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 121-126页

作者： christopher j.Brown Product Development-Strata Worldwide LLC

As longwall tailgate support technologies continue to be developed and improved, strata worldwide has worked to design and manufacture a revised Propsetter to provide additional support capacity and enable applications at greater mine *** support is targeted for tailgate applications, however, it can also be utilized for roof support in various types of mining *** paper describes the design changes for enhancing the support capacity of the Propsetter to more closely align its performance with other support technologies currently being employed in longwall *** changes to each design aspect of the Propsetter was key to successfully improving the roof support's load capacity while maintaining controlled *** the load capacity would allow a mine to improve support efficiency with a smaller, less intrusive support compared to support alternatives and reduce the cost per foot of supported *** target support capacity was 711–890 k N at 50 mm of deformation to more closely match the performance of competing tailgate supports such as the 610 mm-diameter CAN~.To achieve this goal, changes were made to all design aspects of the Propsetter: diameter, wedge cut depth and angle, pod size, and confinement *** results from the NIOSH Mine Roof Simulator verified that these design changes were successful in increasing the capacity of the Propsetter to the 711–890 k N range at fifty mms of deformation.

关键词： Propsetter Can Longwall mining Tailgate roof support Controlled deformation

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Use of topical vancomycin powder in total joint arthroplasty:Why the current literature is inconsistent?

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第8期14卷 589-597页

作者： Fabio Mancino Piers j Yates Benjamin Clark christopher W jones Department of Orthopaedics Fiona Stanley HospitalPerth 6150Australia Department of Orthopaedics The Orthopaedic Research Foundation of Western AustraliaPerth 6010Australia Department of Orthopaedics University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Infectious Diseases Fiona Stanley HospitalPerth 6150Australia Department of Orthopaedics Curtin UniversityPerth 6102Australia

Periprosthetic joint infection(PjI)is a rare but terrible complication in hip and knee arthroplasty,and the use of topical vancomycin powder(VP)has been investigated as a tool to potentially reduce its ***,there remains no consensus on its ***,the aim of this review is to provide an overview on the application of topical vancomycin in orthopaedic surgery focusing on the recent evidence and results in total joint *** systematic reviews and meta-analyses on topical VP in hip and knee arthroplasty have been recently published reporting sometimes conflicting *** from all being limited by the quality of the included studies(mostly level III and IV),confounding variables are often included potentially leading to biased *** taken into consideration the exclusive use of VP in isolation,the available data,although very limited,suggest that it does not reduce the infection rate in routine primary hip and knee ***,we still cannot advise for a routinary application.A properly powered randomized-controlled trial would be necessary to clarify the role of VP in hip and knee *** on the analysis of the current evidence,the use of topical VP appears to be safe when used locally in terms of systemic adverse reactions,hence,if proven to be effective,it could bring great benefits due to its low cost and accessibility.

关键词： Periprosthetic joint infection Vancomycin powder Total knee arthroplasty Total hip arthroplasty Infection antibiotic

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Plasma-catalysis: Is it just a question of scale?

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 264-273页

作者： j.christopher Whitehead School of Chemistry The University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK

The issues of describing and understanding the changes in performance that result when a catalyst is placed into plasma are discussed. The different chemical and physical interactions that result and how their combination might produce beneficial results for the plasma-catalytic processing of different gas streams are outlined with particular emphasis being placed on the different range of spatial and temporal scales that must be considered both in experiment and modelling. The focus is on non-thermal plasma where the lack of thermal equilibrium creates a range of temperature scales that must be considered. This contributes in part to a wide range of inhomogeneity in different properties such as species concentrations and electric fields that must be determined experimentally by in situ methods and be incorporated into modelling. It is concluded that plasmacatalysis is best regarded as conventional catalysis perturbed by the presence of a discharge, which modifies its operating conditions, properties and outcomes often in a very localised way. The sometimes used description "plasma-activated catalysis" is an apt one.

关键词： plasma catalysis plasma-activated catalysis non-thermal plasma CO2 conversion

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The co-effect of image resolution and crown size on deep learning for individual tree detection and delineation

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International journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 3753-3771页

作者： Zhenbang Hao Lili Lin christopher j.Post Elena A.Mikhailova Kunyong Yu Huirong Fang jian Liu Zhangzhou Institute of Technology ZhangzhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Biological Science and Biotechnology Minnan Normal UniversityZhangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA University Key Lab for Geomatics Technology and Optimized Resources Utilization in Fujian Province FuzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Individual tree detection and delineation(ITDD)is an important subject in forestry and urban *** study represents the first research to propose the concept of crown resolution to comprehensively evaluate the co-effect of image resolution and crown size on deep *** images with different resolutions were derived from a DjI Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),and 1344 manually delineated Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb)Hook)tree crowns were used for six training and validation mask region-based convolutional neural network(Mask R-CNN)models,while additional 476 delineated tree crowns were reserved for *** overall detection accuracy,the influence of different crown sizes,and crown resolutions were calculated to evaluate model performance accuracy with different image resolutions for *** show that the highest accuracy was achieved when the crown resolution was between 800 and 12800 pixels/*** accuracy of ITDD was impacted by crown resolution,and it was unable to effectively identify Chinese fir when the crown resolution was less than 25 pixels/tree or higher than 12800 pixels/*** study highlights crown resolution as a critical factor affecting ITDD and suggests selecting the appropriate resolution based on the target detected crown size.

关键词： Mask R-CNN instance segmentation UAV image resolution crown-like characteristics

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