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Buildings and terrain unified-multidimensional dual data structure for GIS

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2015年第4期18卷 151-158页

作者： Pawel BOGUSLAWSKI christopher gold Department of Architecture and the Built Environment University of the West of EnglandFrenchay Campus Coldharbour LaneBristolBS161QYUK School of Computing and Mathematics University of South WalesPontypriddUK Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

3D city models are widely used in many disciplines and applications,such as urban planning,disaster management,and environmental ***,the terrain and embedded objects like buildings are taken into consideration.A consistent model integrating these elements is vital for GIS analysis,especially if the geometry is accompanied by the topological relations between neighboring *** a model allows for more efficient and errorless *** memory consumption is another crucial aspect when the wide area of a city is considered-light models are highly *** methods of the terrain representation using the geometrical-topological data structure-the dual half-edge-are proposed in this *** integration of buildings and other structures like bridges with the terrain is also presented.

关键词： multidimensional modeling GIS data structures

3D GIS与3D GMS中的空间构模技术

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地理与地理信息科学 2003年第1期19卷 5-11页

作者：吴立新史文中 christopher gold 中国矿业大学北京校区3S与沉陷工程研究所北京100083 香港理工大学土地测量与地理信息学系

3DGIS和3DGMS是近10a来地学领域并行发展的两大领域。该文从研究对象、数据来源、空间参照、空间构模、拓扑描述、空间量算、空间分析及应用领域等方面分析了3DGIS和3DGMS异同,并从数学模型、高程特征、属性特征和构模方式等方面讨论并... 详细信息

3DGIS和3DGMS是近10a来地学领域并行发展的两大领域。该文从研究对象、数据来源、空间参照、空间构模、拓扑描述、空间量算、空间分析及应用领域等方面分析了3DGIS和3DGMS异同,并从数学模型、高程特征、属性特征和构模方式等方面讨论并重新界定了空间维数问题。重点分析了空间构模技术,将3DGIS和3DGMS中的空间构模分为基于面模型、基于体模型和混合构模3大类,并进行了分析比较和讨论。指出3DGIS和3DGMS将殊途同归,并最终建立全要素的真3D地球信息系统。

关键词：三维GIS 三维地学模拟系统地球信息系统空间维数空间构模地理信息系统

处理经常更新空间数据的城市地理系统(GIS)的设计

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黑龙江测绘 1994年第1期17卷 38-41页

作者： christopher M gold 朱宝兰

大城市地区,地籍信息及城市设施信息需要经常地更新是很自然的。就传统的地理信息系(GIS)而言,在这个问题上面临两种困难的选择:是设法修改这些空间结构,仅仅是为了获得一张现行的“地图”,而在这张地图上所有过去情况的资料都被删除了... 详细信息

大城市地区,地籍信息及城市设施信息需要经常地更新是很自然的。就传统的地理信息系(GIS)而言,在这个问题上面临两种困难的选择:是设法修改这些空间结构,仅仅是为了获得一张现行的“地图”,而在这张地图上所有过去情况的资料都被删除了呢;还是试图克服存储上的困难,保存规定时间间隔的“快照”,并能在不同的“快照”之间做出比较呢?

关键词：城市地理信息系统设计空间数据 GIS 地籍信息

Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel Matthew Lee-Archer Andrew Wong Michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee Meng Tan Susan Day christopher Levi Stephen M Davis Mark Parsons Bernard Yan Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of Medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted imaging ischaemic *** aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on MRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(5mL,regardless of anticoagulation *** Commencing anticoagulation<4days after stroke or TIA is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1month in AF *** is no increased rate of haemorrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

Strategies towards statistically robust interpretations of in situ U-Pb zircon geochronology

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 581-589页

作者： christopher J.Spencer christopher L.Kirkland Richard J.M.Taylor The Institute of Geoscience Research(TIGeR) Department of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting-Curtin Node Department of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid SystemsPerthWA 6102Australia

Zircon U-Pb geochronology has become a keystone tool across Earth science, arguably providing the gold standard in resolving deep geological time. The development of rapid in situ analysis of zircon （via laser ablation and secondary ionization mass spectrometry） has allowed for large amounts of data to be generated in a relatively short amount of time and such large volume datasets offer the ability to address a range of geological questions that would otherwise remain intractable （e.g. detrital zircons as a sedi- ment fingerprinting method）. The ease of acquisition, while bringing benefit to the Earth science com- munity, has also led to diverse interpretations of geochronological data. In this work we seek to refocus U -Pb zircon geochronology toward best practice by providing a robust statistically coherent workflow. We discuss a range of data filtering approaches and their inherent limitations （e.g. discordance and the reduced chi-squared; MSWD）. We evaluate appropriate mechanisms to calculate the most geologically appropriate age from both 238U/206pb and 207pb/206pb ratios and demonstrate the cross over position when chronometric power swaps between these ratios. As our in situ analytical techniques become progressively more precise, appropriate statistical handing of U-Pb datasets will become increasingly pertinent.

关键词： Zircon Geochronology U-Pb Geostatistics MSWD

Amalgamated gold-nanoalloys with enhanced catalytic activity for the detection of mercury ions(Hg^2+)in seawater samples

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Nano Research 2020年第4期13卷 989-998页

作者： Natasha Logan Claire McVey christopher Elliott Cuong Cao Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological SciencesQueens University Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfastBT95DLUK Material and Advanced Technologies for Healthcare Queens University Belfast18-30 Malone RoadBelfastBT95BNUK

Mercury(Hg)is extremely toxic,and continues to cause major threats to aquatic life,human health and the ***^2+mainly derives from seawater as a product of atmospheric deposition,therefore there is great demand for sensing approaches that can detect Hg^2+in seawater ***,we demonstrate that the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)or so-called nanozymes,can be exploited for the detection of Hg^2+ions in various water *** a high electrolyte environment,the catalytic activity for the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)was significantly diminished due to poor stability of the *** activity was reduced by-73.7%when the NaCl concentration was higher than 1.168%,which is much lower than that of seawater(-3.5%),thus presenting its unsuitability for detecting Hg^2+in harsh water *** overcome this limitation,AuNPs were first functionalized with oligo-ethylene glycol(OEG),of which their colloidal form presented high stability in NaCl concentrations up to 20%and across a wide range of pHs from ***,the catalytic activity of OEG-AuNPs for the oxidation of TMB was strongly suppressed by the coating,but enhanced upon formation of Au-Hg *** novel finding underlies a straightforward,sensitive,and highly selective detection platform for Hg^2+in water *** approach could detect the exposure limit level for Hg^2+in drinking water(i.e.,2 ppb for tap and bottled water)as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the World Health Organization(WHO).When Hg^2+was spiked into a 3.5%saline solution and a coastal seawater certified reference material(CRM),the detection limits were found to be 10 ancM 3 ppb,respectively,which exceed the Hg^2+concentrations commonly found within seawater(-60-80 ppb).The whole procedure takes less than 45 min to conduct,providing a highly innovative,rapid and low-cost approach for detecting Hg^2+in complex water matrices.

关键词： gold nanoparticles nanozyme peroxidase-like mercury detection w ater samples seawater

gold Nanozymes:From Concept to Biomedical Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第1期13卷 138-173页

作者： Javier Lou‑Franco Bhaskar Das christopher Elliott Cuong Cao Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological SciencesQueen’s University of Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfast BT95DLUK Present Address:Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

In recent years,gold nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent enzyme-mimicking activities which resemble those of peroxidase,oxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase or ***,merged with their ease of synthesis,tunability,biocompatibility and low cost,makes them excellent candidates when compared with biological enzymes for applications in biomedicine or biochemical ***,over 200 research papers have been systematically reviewed to present the recent progress on the fundamentals of gold nanozymes and their potential *** review reveals that the morphology and surface chemistry of the nanoparticles play an important role in their catalytic properties,as well as external parameters such as pH or ***,real applications often require specific biorecognition elements to be immobilized onto the nanozymes,leading to unexpected positive or negative effects on their ***,rational design of efficient nanozymes remains a challenge of paramount *** implementation paths have already been explored,including the application of peroxidase-like nanozymes for the development of clinical diagnostics or the regulation of oxidative stress within cells via their catalase and superoxide dismutase *** review also indicates that it is essential to understand how external parameters may boost or inhibit each of these activities,as more than one of them could ***,further toxicity studies are required to ensure the applicability of gold nanozymes in *** challenges and future prospects of gold nanozymes are discussed in this review,whose significance can be anticipated in a diverse range of fields beyond biomedicine,such as food safety,environmental analyses or the chemical industry.

关键词： gold nanoparticles Catalysis Nanozymes Diagnosis Nanomedicine

Non-invasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 16820-16830页

作者： Suraj Sharma Korosh Khalili Geoffrey christopher Nguyen Toronto Centre for Liver Disease Toronto Western Hospital Department of Medical Imaging University Health Network Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex Mount Sinai Hospital

Liver cirrhosis is a common and growing public health problem *** diagnosis of cirrhosis portends an increased risk of morbidity and *** biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of cirrhosis and staging of ***,despite its universal use,liver biopsy is an invasive and inaccurate gold standard with numerous *** order to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy,a number of non-invasive techniques have been investigated for the assessment of *** review will focus on currently available non-invasive markers of *** evidence behind the use of these markers will be highlighted,along with an assessment of diagnostic accuracy and performance characteristics of each ***-invasive markers of cirrhosis can be radiologic or *** techniques based on ultrasound,magnetic resonance imaging and elastography have been used to assess liver ***-based biomarkers of cirrhosis have also been *** are broadly classified into indirect and direct *** biomarkers reflect liver function,which may decline with the onset of *** biomarkers,reflect extracellular matrix turnover,and include molecules involved in hepatic *** the whole,radiologic and serum markers of fibrosis correlate well with biopsy scores,especially when excluding cirrhosis or excluding *** feature is certainly clinically useful,and avoids liver biopsy in many cases.

关键词： Cirrhosis Biomarker Non-invasive Fibrosis Viral Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Primary biliary cirrhosis Autoimmune hepatitis Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus

NanoHDA： A nanoparticle-assisted isothermal amplification technique for genotyping assays

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Nano Research 2017年第1期10卷 12-21页

作者： Abootaleb Sedighi christopher Oberc Vicki Whitehall Paul C. H. Li Department of Chemistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia VSA 1S6 Canada QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute 300 Herston Rd Brisbane Queensland 4006 Australia Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences University of Toronto Mississauga Ontario LSL IC6 Canada

Isothermal methods, such as helicase-dependent amplification （HDA）, have an advantage over polymerase chain reaction for DNA amplification owing to their ease of operation. Here, we developed a new HDA method that is nanoparticle-assisted, termed nanoHDA. This method uses gold nanoparticles （AuNPs） to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the isothermal method. In HDA, the denaturation of DNA templates is mediated by helicases, but this method is limited by the low denaturation efficiency of helicases. In this report, AuNPs with preferential affinity for single-stranded DNA （ssDNA） were utilized to improve the denaturation efficiency of helicases. The same affinity property of nanoparticles can also enhance specificity by suppressing primer-dimer formation. This nanoHDA method was employed to genotype the KRAS gene in genomic DNA samples from colorectal cancer patients, as achieved by the hybridization of nanoHDA amplicons using the NanoBioArray chip.

关键词： gold nanoparticle isothermal DNAamplification helicase genotyping assay colorectal cancer single nucleotidepolymorphism KRAS