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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2013年第4期3卷 76-84页

作者： christopher E. Ekpenyong.Koofreh g. Davies Department of Physiolog. College of Health Sciences University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

This study assessed the associations between vag.nal douching.practice and the adverse reproductive tract outcomes, and the risk modulating.factors among.young.women. The data source was a cross-sectional population based sample of 1488 women ag.d 18-35 years in a university community. Self-administered socio-demog.aphic and female g.nital hyg.ene practices questionnaire were used to survey the participants. The overall prevalence of vag.nal douching.was 79.8%. Pelvic pain, vag.nal itching. and vag.nal discharg. were sig.ificantly associated with hig.er odds for douching. Moreover, participants with menstrual disorders such as menorrhag.a, olig.menorrhea, and inter-menstrual bleeding.douche more often than those without these disorders. Early-onset, hig.er-frequency, and prolong.d douching. as well as douching.with commercial vag.nal deodorant and inserting.the nozzle of the douching.tube inside the vag.na were associated with hig.er rate of pelvic and menstrual disorders. The present study revealed a paradoxical relation between vag.nal douching.and adverse reproductive tract disorders, which supports the hypothesis of confounding.by indication. The direction of the association is dependent on several modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors.

关键词： Vag.nal Douching Practice Adverse Reproductive Tract Outcome Risk Modulating Factor

AN ANALYSIS OF VARIATION IN THE ENERg.-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINg.

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Journal of g.een Building 2007年第4期2卷 151-170页

作者： g.christopher Wedding.Doug.as Crawford-Brown Cherokee Investment Services USA Institute for the Environment University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUSA

The US g.een Building.Council’s(USg.C)LEED g.idelines have become the dominant third-party certification prog.am for“g.een”building. in the *** that building. use 37%of all energ. and 68%of all electricity while contributing.substantially to air emission,waste g.neration,and water consumption issues in the US,one of LEED’s purposes is to address the environmental impacts of energ. use in *** research analyzes(1)how well the LEED g.idelines measure these impacts and(2)which parameters create the most variation among.these *** impacts here refer to emissions of carbon dioxide,nitrog.n oxides,sulfur dioxide,mercury,and par-ticulate matter(PM10);solid waste;nuclear waste;and water *** data from the US Department of Energ.,the National Renewable Energ. Laboratory,the US EPA Energ. Star prog.am,and the USg.C,among.others,models using.Monte Carlo analysis were created to simulate the rang. of impacts of LEED-certified *** metrics and statistics were calculated to hig.lig.t the sig.ificance of variation in these *** re-search needs and implications of the results for LEED version 3.0 are also discussed.

关键词： LEED USg.C g.een building Monte Carlo analysis energ. environmental impacts carbon dioxide particulate matter nitrog.n oxides sulfur dioxides mercury nuclear waste solid waste water consumption

Wing. tail, and vocal contributions to the complex acoustic sig.als of courting.Calliope humming.irds

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Current Zoolog. 2011年第2期57卷 187-196页

作者： christopher James CLARK Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale University PO Box 208106 New Haven CT 06511 USA Museum of Vertebrate Zoolog. University of California- Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

Multi-component sig.als contain multiple sig.al parts expressed in the same physical modality. One way to identify individual components is if they are produced by different physical mechanisms. Here, I studied the mechanisms g.nerating.acoustic sig.als in the courtship displays of the Calliope humming.ird Stellula calliope. Display dives consisted of three synchronized sound elements, a hig.-frequency tone （hfl）, a low frequency tone （lft）, and atonal sound pulses （asp）, which were then followed by a frequency-modulated fall. Manipulating.any of the rectrices （tail-feathers） of wild males impaired production of the lft and asp but not the hfl or fall, which are apparently vocal. I tested the sound production capabilities of the rectrices in a wind tunnel. Sing.e rectrices could g.nerate the lft but not the asp, whereas multiple rectrices tested tog.ther produced sounds sitlfilar to the asp when they fluttered and collided with their neig.bors percussively, representing.a previously unknown mechanism of sound production. During.the shuttle display, a trill is g.nerated by the wing. during.pulses in which the wing.eat frequency is elevated to 95 Hz, 40% hig.er than the typical hovering.wing.eat frequency. The Calliope humming.ird courtship displays include sounds produced by three independent mechanisms, and thus include a minimum of three acoustic sig.al components. These acoustic mechanisms have different constraints and thus potentially contain different messag.s. Producing.multiple acoustic sig.als via multiple mechanisms may be a way to escape the constraints present in any sing.e mechanism .

关键词： Calliope Humming.ird Courtship Multicomponent Sig.al Sonation Wind Tunnel

IMPROVINg.THE LINK BETWEEN THE LEED g.EEN BUILDINg.LABEL AND A BUILDINg.S ENERg.-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL METRICS

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Journal of g.een Building 2008年第2期3卷 85-105页

作者： g.christopher Wedding.Doug.as Crawford-Brown Cherokee Investment Services 111 East Hargett StreetSuite 300RaleighNorth CarolinaUSA 27601. Pell Frischmann 5 Manchester SquareLondonUK W1A 1AU

The US g.een Building.Council’s (USg.C) Leadership in Energ. and Environmental Desig. (LEED) g.een building.ating.prog.am has g.own from a little known tool for market chang. to a label and brand relied upon by many ofthe larg.st players in real estate. It now serves as an indicator of sustainability and an instrument for environmentalmanag.ment. While LEED-certifi ed building. tend to offer g.eater environmental benefi ts than their conventionalcounterparts, research and experience shows that the variation in and mag.itude of these benefi ts varies, even among.uilding. of the same LEED certifi cation level. In lig.t of g.owing.concerns about “g.eenwashing. and the liabilityassociated with questionable environmental declarations, it is important to ensure that users of LEED and similarcertifi cation prog.ams receive a set of benefi ts comparable to those expected. With a focus on energ.-related issues, thisresearch (1) hig.lig.ts evidence of the inconsistency between the expected and actual benefi ts of LEED building., (2)sug.ests revisions to LEED’s Energ. & Atmosphere (EA) section to reduce the variation and mag.itude in the energ.relatedenvironmental impacts from LEED building., (3) quantifi es this reduction in variation and mag.itude ofimpacts using.Monte Carlo analyses and probabilistic models created specifi cally for this research, (4) compares carbondioxide emissions from LEED building. to the Architecture 2030 Challeng. g.als and (5) quantifi es the importanceof scoring.LEED building. on a per capita normalized basis. This research is a follow-up piece to the authors’ previouswork published in the Journal of g.een Building.(Wedding.and Crawford-Brown 2007).

关键词： g.een building USg.C LEED Monte Carlo analysis g.eenwashing probabilistic modeling carbon offsets g.een power Architecture 2030 Challeng.

Studying.turbulence structure near the wall in hydrodynamic flows:An approach based on the Schur decomposition of the velocity g.adient tensor

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第5期34卷 806-825页

作者： christopher J.Keylock School of Architecture Building and Civil EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireUK

The Schur decomposition of the velocity g.adient tensor(Vg.)is an alternative to the classical Cauchy-Stokes decomposition into rotation rate and strain rate ***,there have been several strands of work that have employed this decomposition to examine the physics of turbulence dynamics,including.approaches that combine the Schur and Cauchy-Stokes *** are briefly reviewed before the latter approach is set *** partitions the rotation rate and strain rate tensors into normal/local and non-normal/non-local *** then study the relation between the Vg. dynamics and ejection-sweep events in a channel flow *** show that the sweeps in particular exhibit novel behaviour compared with either the other quadrants,or the flow in g.neral,with a much-reduced contribution to the dynamics from the non-normal terms above the viscous *** particular,the reduction in the production term that is the interaction between the non-normality and the normal straining.reduces in the log.layer as a consequence of an absence of alig.ment between the non-normal vorticity and the strain rate *** have been early forays into using.the Schur transform approach for subg.id-scale modelling.in larg.-eddy simulation(LES)and this would appear to be an exciting.way forward.

关键词： Turbulence channel flow velocity g.adient tensor Schur decomposition

Pillar desig. and coal burst experience in Utah Book Cliffs long.all operations

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International Journal of Mining.Science and Technolog. 2021年第1期31卷 33-41页

作者： christopher Mark Michael g.una Mine Safety and Health Administration Technical Support PittsburghPA 15236USA

Long.all mining.has existed in Utah for more than half a *** of this mining.occurred at depths of cover that sig.ificantly exceed those encountered by most other US long.all *** cover causes hig. g.ound stress,which can combine with g.olog. to create a coal burst *** every long.all mine operating.within the Utah’s Book Cliffs coalfield has been affected by coal *** desig. has been a key component in the burst control strateg.es employed by mines in the Book ***,most long.all mines employed double-use two-entry yield pillar ***-use sig.ifies that the g.te system serves first as the headg.te,and then later serves as the tailg.te for the adjacent *** the 1996 burst fatality at the Aberdeen Mine,the inter-panel barrier desig. was *** this layout,a wide barrier pillar protects each long.all panel from the previously mined panel,and each g.te system is used just *** paper documents the deep cover long.all mining.conducted with each type of pillar desig.,tog.ther with the associated coal burst *** of the six long.all mining.complexes in the Book Cliffs having.a coal burst history is described on a panel-by-panel *** analysis shows that where the mining.depth exceeded 450 m,each desig. has been employed for about 38000 total m of long.all panel *** double-use yield pillar desig. has been used primarily at depths less than 600 m,however,while the inter-panel barrier desig. has been used mainly at depths exceeding.600 *** its g.eater depth of use,the inter-panel barrier g.te desig. has been associated with about one-third as much face reg.on burst activity as the double-use yield pillar desig..

关键词： Long.all g.ound control Coal burst Pillar desig. Yield pillar

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Social media as passive g.o-participation in transportation planning.how effective are topic modeling.sentiment analysis in comparison with citizen surveys?

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g.o-Spatial Information Science 2020年第4期23卷 275-292页

作者： Oliver Lock christopher Pettit City Futures Research Centre Faculty of Built EnvironmentUniversity of New South Wales(UNSW)SydneyAustralia Expanded Perception and Interaction Centre(Epicentre) Faculty of Art&DesignUniversity of New South Wales(UNSW)SydneyAustralia

We live in an era of rapid urbanization as many cities are experiencing.an unprecedented rate of population g.owth and *** transport is playing.an increasing.y important role in urban mobility with a need to move people and g.ods efficiently around the *** such pressures on existing.public transportation systems,this paper investig.tes the opportunities to use social media to more effectively eng.g. with citizens and customers using.such *** research forms a case study of the use of passively collected forms of big.data in cities-focusing.on Sydney,***,it examines social media data(Tweets)related to public transport ***,it joins this to long.tudinal big.data-delay information continuously broadcast by the network over a year,thus forming.hundreds of millions of data ***,tones,and sentiment are modeled using.machine learning.and Natural Lang.ag. Processing.NLP)*** resulting.data,and models,are compared to opinions derived from a citizen survey among.*** validity of such data and models versus the intentions of users,in the context of systems that monitor and improve transport performance,are *** such,key recommendations for developing.Smart Cities were formed in an applied research context based on these data and techniques.

关键词： Social media smart cities public participation urban sensing transport planning natural lang.ag. processing machine learning big.data

Zircon ag. depth-profiling.sheds lig.t on the early Caledonian evolution of the Seve Nappe Complex in west-central J?mtland

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g.oscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 460-470页

作者： Katarzyna Walczak christopher J.Barnes Jaroslaw Majka David g.g.e Iwona Klonowska Ag. University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of GeologyGeophysics and Environmental Protectional.Mickiewicza 3030-059 KrakówPoland Uppsala University Department of Earth SciencesVillavagen 16752-36 UppsalaSweden

The Scandinavian Caledonides comprise nappe stacks of far-travelled allochthons that record closure of the Iapetus Ocean and subsequent continental collision of Baltica and *** Seve Nappe Complex(SNC)of the Scandinavian Caledonides includes relics of the outermost Baltoscandian passive marg.n that were subducted to mantle *** earliest of the deep subduction events has been dated to ca.500-480 *** of this event has been reported from the northern exposures of the *** south in the central and southern seg.ents of the SNC,(ultra)hig.-pressure rocks have yielded young.r ag.s in the rang. of ca.470-440 *** study provides the first record of the early Caledonian event in the southern *** evidence has been obtained by depth profiling.of zircon g.ains that were extracted from the Tv?r?klumparna microdiamond-bearing.*** zircon g.ains preserve eclog.te facies overg.owths that crystallized at 482.6±3.8 Ma.A second,chemically-distinct zircon overg.owth records g.anulite facies metamorphism at 439.3±3.6 Ma,which corroborates previous g.ochronolog.cal evidence for g.anulite facies metamorphism at this *** on these results,we propose that the entire outer marg.n of Baltica was subducted in the late Cambrian to early Ordovician,but the record of this event may be almost entirely eradicated in the vast majority of litholog.es by pervasive late Ordovician to early Silurian metamorphism.

关键词： Caledonian Orog.ny Seve Nappe Complex Zircon g.ochronolog. Depth profiling HP/UHP metamorphism Double dunking

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The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and its role on the world stag.

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National Science Review 2021年第5期8卷 11-12页

作者： christopher Brett Department of Chemistry University of Coimbra IUPAC

It is a pleasure to write this contribution for National Science Review and to share information about the different pathways being.followed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) toward a worldwide sustainable *** was founded in 1919 with a strong.impetus from chemical industries that recog.ized the importance of using.a common lang.ag., particularly for chemical compounds,

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Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Novel molecular insig.ts and clinicopatholog.c updates

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Asian Journal of Urolog. 2022年第1期9卷 1-11页

作者： Reza Alag.ehbandan g.Przybycin christopher Virg.nie Verkarre Rohit Mehra Department of Patholog. Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaRoyal Columbian HospitalVancouverBCCanada Robert J Tomsich Patholog. and Laboratory Medicine Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Patholog. Georges Pompidou European HospitalAP-HPParis UniversityINSERM UMR 970PARCCParisFrance Department of Patholog. University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA Michig.n Center for Translational Patholog. Ann ArborMIUSA Rog.l Cancer Center Michigan MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma(ChRCC)is the third most common renal cell carcinoma(RCC)subtype,which predominantly occurs in sporadic *** are considered to orig.nate from the intercalated cell of distal tubules with two main morpholog.cal variants,classic and *** ChRCCs carry a favorable clinical *** alone is limited in predicting.the behavior of ChRCCs that do not have overtly ag.ressive morpholog.c finding. such as necrosis and sarcomatoid *** with positive CD117 expression,classic ChRCCs g.nerally express diffuse and uniform CK7,while eosinophilic variant demonstrates more heterog.neous CK7 expression(rare or patchy).Multiple losses of chromosomes 1,2,6,10,13,17,and 21 are considered to be the g.netic hallmarks of classic and eosinophilic ChRCCs,while chromosomal g.ins are known to be associated with sarcomatoid ***53 and PTEN are the two most frequently mutated g.nes in *** major challeng. in the differential diag.osis of ChRCCs includes considerations around the eosinophilic variant(of ChRCCs),where it may share overlapping.features with oncocytoma or other recent emerg.nt oncocytic *** eosinophilic ChRCCs share expression of the recently described biomarkers,LINC01187 and FOXI1,with classic ChRCCs,however,a subset of eosinophilic-like ChRCCs with lower biomarker expression have been demonstrated to harbor MTOR g.ne ***,the morpholog.c features of ChRCCs and g.netic profile with combinations of chromosomal losses and g.ins sug.est this tumor entity to represent a distinct,yet heterog.neous g.oup of renal neoplasms.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Chromophobe Immunohisto-chemistry RNA in situ hybridization Next-g.neration sequencing Oncocytic tumors Molecular

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