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商事法论集 2016年第2期 120-133页

作者： christopher chen WAN Wai Yee Singapore Management University

Ⅰ.BackgroundThe Anglo-American model is dominant in how corporate and securities laws are shaped *** the Asian financial crisis of 1997,financial markets in Asia have adopted and refined,to varying extents,Anglo-American corporate and securities regulatory frameworks,which are regarded as the paradigm of internationally recognised good practices in corporate *** legal transplantation has occurred even though publicly listed firms in most of the Asian jurisdictions are predominantly family or state-owned,in sharp contrast to the managerial-controlled norm in the listed firms in the United States(US)or the United Kingdom(UK).Legal transplantation was also supported by"law and finance"literature("law and finance"or"La Porta study")which suggested that the legal framework governing financial markets and

关键词： Legal Transplant of Corporate Governance Rules and Related Party Transactions:Preliminary Evidence of Some Hong Kong-listed Companies

Additive effect of cerebral atrophy on cognition in dementia-free elderly with cerebrovascular disease

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第3期4卷 135-140页

作者： Xin Xu April Phua Simon L Collinson Saima Hilal Mohammad Kamran Ikram Tien Yin Wong Ching Yu cheng Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian christopher chen Department of Pharmacology National University Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineSingaporeSingapore Department of Psychological Medicine National University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Psychology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Departments of Epidemiology and Neurology Erasmus Medical CentreRotterdamThe Netherlands Singapore National Eye Center Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingaporeSingapore Raffles Neuroscience Centre Raffles HospitalSingaporeSingapore Clinical Research Centre Department of PharmacologyNational University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore

Objective To explore the additive effect of neurodegenerative diseases,measured by atrophy,on neurocognitive function in Asian dementia-free elderly with cerebrovascular disease(CeVD).Methods The present study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted between 2010 and 2015 among community-dwelling elderly participants recruited into the *** participants were evaluated with an extensive neuropsychological battery and *** weighted CeVD burden scale comprising markers of both small-and large-vessel diseases was applied,with a score of≥2,indicating significant CeVD *** atrophy(CA)and medial temporal atrophy(MTA)were graded using the global cortical atrophy scale and Schelten's scale,*** and domain-specific(attention,executive function,language,visuomotor speed,visuoconstruction,visual memory,and verbal memory)neurocognitive performance was measured using a locally validated neuropsychological battery(Vascular Dementia Battery,VDB).Results A total of 819 dementia-free participants were included in the *** none-mild CeVD subjects,there was no significant difference in the global cognitive performance across atrophy groups(no atrophy,CA,and CA+MTA).However,in moderate-severe CeVD subjects,CA+MTA showed significantly worse global cognitive performance compared with those with CA alone(mean difference=?0.35,95%CI?0.60 to?0.11,p=0.002)and those without atrophy(mean difference=?0.46,95%CI?0.74 to?0.19,p<0.001,p<0.001).In domain-specific cognitive performance,subjects with CA+MTA performed worse than other groups in visual memory(p=0.005),executive function(p=0.001)and visuomotor speed(p<0.001)in moderate-severe CeVD but not in none-mild *** and relevance Atrophy and moderate-severe CeVD burden showed an additive effect on global and domain-specific cognitive *** study highlights the importance of investigating the mechanisms of clinico-pathological interactions between neurodegen

关键词： atrophy effect battery

Near-infrared double-cable conjugated polymers based on alkyl linkers with tunable length for single-component organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： Yikun Wang Qiaomei chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao christopher R.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Applied Chemistry Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymers are significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linkers that connect donor backbones and acceptor side units. In this study, a series of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC)-based double-cable polymers with alkyl linkers ranging from C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized for single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs increase from P8 to P12 and then decline from P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absorption, charge transport, and morphology provide insights into the underlying factors contributing to these PCE variations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic properties observed in P12 can be attributed to three key factors: A delicate balance between enhanced charge separation facilitated by the increased spacer length and reduced crystallinity resulting from longer spacers, higher charge mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electron transport characteristics. This study highlights the critical role of linker length in determining the photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymer-based SCOSCs and offers valuable guidance for the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymers.

关键词： Single-component organic solar cells Double-cable conjugated polymers Photovoltaic properties Alkyl linkers

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A review of integrated surface-subsurface numerical hydrological models

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1459-1479页

作者： Lele SHU Hao chen Xianhong MENG Yan CHANG Litang HU Wenke WANG Longcang SHU Xuan YU christopher DUFFY Yingying YAO Donghai ZHENG Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100038China School of Water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Hydrological modeling,leveraging mathematical formulations to represent the hydrological cycle,is a pivotal tool in representing the spatiotemporal dynamics and distribution patterns inherent in *** models serve a dual purpose:they validate theoretical robustness and applicability via observational data and project future trends,thereby bridging the understanding and prediction of natural *** rapid advancements in computational methodologies and the continuous evolution of observational and experimental techniques,the development of numerical hydrological models based on physicallybased surface-subsurface process coupling have *** in micro-scale conservation principles and physical equations,these models employ numerical techniques to integrate surface and subsurface hydrodynamics,thus replicating the macro-scale hydrological responses of *** hydrological models have emerged as a leading and predominant trend in hydrological modeling due to their explicit representation of physical processes,heightened by their spatiotemporal resolution and reliance on interdisciplinary *** article focuses on the theoretical foundation of surface-subsurface numerical hydrological *** includes a comparative and analytical discussion of leading numerical hydrological models,encompassing model architecture,numerical solution strategies,spatial representation,and coupling ***,this paper contrasts these models with traditional hydrological models,thereby delineating the relative merits,drawbacks,and future directions of numerical hydrological modeling.

关键词： Numerical Hydrological Models Surface-Subsurface Process Coupling Numerical Methods Hydrological Modeling

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Cost-benefit and discriminant validity of a stepwise dementia case-finding approach in an Asian older adult community

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General Psychiatry 2023年第5期36卷 393-401页

作者： Ting Pang Binte Xia Xuhao Zhao Yaping Zhang Cheuk Ni Kan Saima Hilal christopher chen Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian Tien Yin Wong Ching-Yucheng Changzheng Yuan Xin Xu School of Public Health the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiangChina Memory Ageing and Cognition CentreDepartment of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Raffles Neuroscience Centre Raffles HospitalSingapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgang HospitalBeijingChina

Background Case-finding is a recommended approach for dementia early detection in the *** To investigate the discriminant validity and cost-effectiveness of a stepwise dementia case-finding approach in a Singaporean older adult *** The two-phase study was conducted in the community from 2009 to 2015 in Singapore.A total of 3780 participants(age≥60 years)completed phase I(a brief cognitive screening);918 completed phase II and were included in the final *** phase I,all participants were administered the Abbreviated Mental Test(AMT)and the Progressive Forgetfulness Question(PFQ).Those who screened positive on either test were invited to phase II,whereby the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and a formal neuropsychological battery were administered,followed by the research diagnosis of no cognitive impairment,cognitive impairment no dementia(CIND)-Mild(≤2 impaired cognitive domains),CIND-Moderate(>2 impaired domains)or *** operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted for the different cognitive *** discriminant indices were calculated,including sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values(NPV)and ***-effectiveness analysis was conducted by estimating the amount of screening time needed and the number of older adults requiring re-evaluation in two case-finding scenarios,ie,with or without preselection by the *** The stepwise case-finding approach(preselection by the PFQ,then MMSE or MoCA or AMT)showed an excellent NPV(>99%)and accuracy(>86%)for excluding dementia-free *** preselection by the PFQ,screening time for the three cognitive tools were 317.5,317.5 and 254 hours,with 159,302 and 175 screen-positive older adults involved in further *** adopting the stepwise case-finding approach,total screening time were 156.5,156.5 and 126.2 hours,which decreased by 50.7%,50.7% and 50.3% as compared with those without

关键词： impaired finding stepwise

Engineered wettability-gradient porous structure enabling efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 357-367页

作者： Zhefei Pan Lizhen Wu Fengjia Xie Zhewei Zhang Zhen Zhao Oladapo christopher Esan Xuming Zhang Rong chen Liang An Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems(Chongqing University) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400030China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China Department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China

Regenerative fuel cells can operate alternately as an electrolyzer and as a fuel cell,frequently involving water as a reactant or *** the electrode surface to manipulate water can prevent electrode flooding and enhance the electrode's mass transfer efficiency by facilitating better contact with gaseous ***,conventional electrodes face difficulties in allowing water droplets to penetrate in a single direction leaving *** this work to address this issue,a wettability gradient electrode is designed and fabricated for efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel *** findings demonstrate that the water removal strategy in the electrolyzer mode yields the highest ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency of 3.39×10-10 mol s-1 cm-2 and 0.49%,***,in the fuel cell mode,the discharging process sustains for approximately 20.5 h,which is six times longer than the conventional *** ability to sustain the discharging process for extended periods is particularly advantageous in regenerative fuel cells,as it enables the cells to operate for longer periods without the need for regeneration.

关键词： Regenerative fuel cells Electrode flooding Water manipulation Wettability gradient Water fluxes

含树枝化以及线性侧链的超分子共聚物的液晶相结构调控

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高分子学报 2017年第10期27卷 1624-1632页

作者：郑梅青朱亚兰陈小芳 christopher Y.Li 苏州大学材料与化学化工学部苏州215123 Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel University

设计了一类由聚4-乙烯基吡啶(P4VP)、含弯曲树枝化分子12CBP以及线性分子PDP组成的三元共混体系,其中12CBP和PDP端基均为酚羟基,可与P4VP侧基的吡啶环上的N原子进行氢键复合.傅立叶变换红外光谱、示差扫描量热法、偏光显微镜、小角X射... 详细信息

设计了一类由聚4-乙烯基吡啶(P4VP)、含弯曲树枝化分子12CBP以及线性分子PDP组成的三元共混体系,其中12CBP和PDP端基均为酚羟基,可与P4VP侧基的吡啶环上的N原子进行氢键复合.傅立叶变换红外光谱、示差扫描量热法、偏光显微镜、小角X射线散射和原子力显微镜等多种研究表明该共混体系为均相体系,三组分自组装形成以P4VP为主链,12CBP和PDP为超分子侧链的"无规共聚物"P4VP(12CBP)x(PDP)y(x+y=1).该超分子侧链共聚物的聚集态结构与小分子12CBP和PDP相对含量有关.当12CBP含量x≥0.5时,体系组装形成六方柱状相结构,柱子的直径随着体系中12CBP含量减少而逐渐减小.当12CBP含量<0.5时,即使少量12CBP的引入也会引起体系层状相结构的破坏,体系表现为无定形状态.

关键词：超分子共聚物氢键侧链液晶聚合物六方柱状相

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Probing the subcellular nanostructure of engineered human cardiomyocytes in 3D tissue

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 133-140页

作者： Josh Javor Jourdan K.Ewoldt Paige E.Cloonan Anant Chopra Rebeccah J.Luu Guillaume Freychet Mikhail Zhernenkov Karl Ludwig Jonathan G.Seidman Christine E.Seidman christopher S.chen David J.Bishop Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA SMI Beamline 12-ID Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

The structural and functional maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes(hiPSC-CMs)is essential for pharmaceutical testing,disease modeling,and ultimately therapeutic *** 3D-tissue platforms have improved the functional maturation of hiPSC-CMs,but probing cardiac contractile properties in a 3D environment remains challenging,especially at depth and in live *** small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)imaging,we show that hiPSC-CMs matured and examined in a 3D environment exhibit a periodic spatial arrangement of the myofilament lattice,which has not been previously detected in *** contractile force is found to correlate with both the scattering intensity(R^(2)=0.44)and lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.46).The scattering intensity also correlates with lattice spacing(R^(2)=0.81),suggestive of lower noise in our structural measurement than in the functional ***,we observed decreased myofilament ordering in tissues with a myofilament mutation known to lead to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).Our results highlight the progress of human cardiac tissue engineering and enable unprecedented study of structural maturation in hiPSC-CMs.

关键词： cardiac cardiomyocytes spacing

AI-enabled materials discovery for advanced ceramic electrochemical cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 55-87页

作者： Idris Temitope Bello Ridwan Taiwo Oladapo christopher Esan Adesola Habeeb Adegoke Ahmed Olanrewaju Ijaola Zheng Li Siyuan Zhao chen Wang Zongping Shao Meng Ni Department of Building and Real Estate Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development(RISUD)&Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Civil Engineering University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Mechanical Engineering Wichita State UniversityKansasUSA WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia

Ceramic electrochemical cells(CECs)are promising devices for clean and efficient energy conversion and storage due to their high energy efficiency,more extended system durability,and less expensive ***,the search for suitable materials with desired properties,including high ionic and electronic conductivity,thermal stability,and chemical compatibility,presents ongoing challenges that impede widespread adoption and further advancement in the *** intelligence(AI)has emerged as a versatile tool capable of enhancing and expediting the materials discovery cycle in CECs through data-driven modeling,simulation,and optimization ***,we comprehensively review the state-of-the-art AI applications for materials design and optimization for CECs,covering various material aspects,database construction,data pre-processing,and AI *** also present some representative case studies of AI-predicted and synthesized materials for CECs and provide insightful highlights about their *** emphasize the main implications and contributions of the AI approach for advancing the CEC technology,such as reducing the trial-and-error experiments,exploring the vast materials space,discovering novel and optimal materials,and enhancing the understanding of the materials-performance *** also discuss the AI approach’s main limitations and future directions for CECs,such as addressing the data and model challenges,improving and extending the AI models and methods,and integrating with other computational and experimental *** conclude by suggesting some potential applications and collaborations for AI in materials design for CECs.

关键词： Ceramic electrochemical cells Artificial intelligence Materials design Materials optimization Materials performance Machine learning

Test-Retest Reliability, Convergent Validity and Practice Effects of the RBANS in a Memory Clinic Setting: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2013年第4期2卷 11-16页

作者： Yanhong Dong Claire L. Thompson Shi Huey Joanne Tan Leon Ben Swie Lim Wanshin Pang christopher Li-Hsian chen 1Memory Aging and Cognition Centre Department of Pharmacology National University Health System Singapore 2Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 1Memory Aging and Cognition Centre Department of Pharmacology National University Health System Singapore 2Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 3Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing and Dementia Collaborative Research Centre School of Psychiatrythe University of New South Wales Australia Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore James Cook University (Australia) Singapore Campus

This pilot study examined the psychometric properties and clinical utility of a brief neuropsychological instrument (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). The test-retest reliability, practice effects and convergent validity of RBANS were examined in participants without objective cognitive impairment. The tests were administered at two time points at approximately a two weeks’ interval, with 30 cognitively intact participants with a mean age of 63.3 ± 5.8 years. Adequate test-retest reliabilities were found for RBANS subtests, index and total scale scores with significant gain scores in immediate memory and visuospatial function. The RBANS showed good convergent validity and the RBANS supplemented with executive and language measures (Colour Trails Test and 30-item modified Boston Naming Test, respectively) demonstrated excellent convergent validity with a formal neuropsychological battery. This pilot study has provided the preliminary evidence of reliability and convergent validity of the RBANS. Additionally, it also provides insight on the practice effects so that clinicians may assess significant changes in RBANS subtests and domain indexes for clinical practice.

关键词： RBANS Neuropsychological Tests Test-retest Reliability Validity Practice Effect