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Temporal and spectral contributions to musical instrument identification and discrimination among cochlear implant users

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第3期2卷 -页

作者： Sandra m. Prentiss David R. Friedland Tanner Fullmer Alison Crane Timothy Stoddard christina L. Runge Department of 0tolaryngology and Communication Sciences Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA

Objective:To investigate the contributions of envelope and fine-structure to the perception of timbre by cochlear implant (CI) users as compared to normal hearing (NH) lis-teners. methods: This was a prospective cohort comparison study. Normal hearing and cochlear implant patients were tested. Three experiments were performed in sound field using musical notes altered to affect the characteristic pitch of an instrument and the acoustic envelope. Experiment 1 assessed the ability to identify the instrument playing each note, while experi-ments 2 and 3 assessed the ability to discriminate the different stimuli. Results:Normal hearing subjects performed better than CI subjects in all instrument identifi-cation tasks, reaching statistical significance for 4 of 5 stimulus conditions. Within the CI pop-ulation, acoustic envelope modifications did not significantly affect instrument identification or discrimination. With envelope and pitch cues removed, fine structure discrimination perfor-mance was similar between normal hearing and CI users for the majority of conditions, but some specific instrument comparisons were significantly more challenging for CI users. Conclusions:Cochlear implant users perform significantly worse than normal hearing listeners on tasks of instrument identification. However, cochlear implant listeners can discriminate differences in envelope and some fine structure components of musical instrument sounds as well as normal hearing listeners. The results indicated that certain fine structure cues are important for cochlear implant users to make discrimination judgments, and therefore may affect interpretation toward associating with a specific instrument for identification.

关键词： music Timbre Cochlear implant Envelope Fine-structure

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IKKβ binds NLRP3 providing a shortcut to inflammasome activation for rapid immune responses

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第11期7卷 4022-4024页

作者： Yaw Asare margarita Shnipova LukaŽivković christina Schlegl Federica Tosato Arailym Aronova markus Brandhofer Laura Strohm Nathalie Beaufort Rainer malik Christian Weber Jürgen Bernhagen martin Dichgans Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research(ISD) University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University(LMU)MunichGermany munich Cluster for Systems Neurology(SyNergy) MunichGermany Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention(IPEK) LMUMunichGermany

Dear Editor,A rapid immune response to signals released from pathogens and injuries is critical for maintaining tissue integrity and restoring *** response is largely mediated by the concerted action of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs).Such cooperativity has been described for Toll-like receptors(TLRs)and NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely *** are multi-protein complexes defined by a cytosolic innate immune sensor,usually a PRR,which recruits the adaptor molecule apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain(ASC)to activate the effector caspase-1 leading to the release of matured IL-1βand *** caspase-1 further cleaves gasdermin D(GSDmD)allowing the N-terminal domain of GSDmD(GSDmD-N)to form pores in the plasma membrane,thus facilitating the release of matured IL-1βand ***-forming GSDmD-N further induces pyroptosis,an inflammatory form of cell death.

关键词： NLRP3 release activation

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抗生素和难辨梭状芽胞杆菌：病因与治疗

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传染病网络动态 2007年第4期 33-34页

作者： Surawicz christina m. 杨露绮（编译）

难辨梭状芽胞杆菌是最常见的院内胃肠道感染，疾病谱为引起从腹泻到具严重并发症的假膜性结肠炎（PmC）。这可能是一种严重的疾病，增加了发病率和死亡率。该致病菌产生引起结肠炎症和结肠炎的毒素A和B。根据大便标本中检查出的一种或... 详细信息

难辨梭状芽胞杆菌是最常见的院内胃肠道感染，疾病谱为引起从腹泻到具严重并发症的假膜性结肠炎（PmC）。这可能是一种严重的疾病，增加了发病率和死亡率。该致病菌产生引起结肠炎症和结肠炎的毒素A和B。根据大便标本中检查出的一种或两种毒素即可做出诊断。病情严重时，诊断中通过结肠镜检查可发现假膜，这些假膜黏着在结肠粘膜上，而且是由纤维蛋白、多形核细胞和碎片组成。难辨梭状芽胞杆菌相关性腹泻（CDAD）通常用口服灭滴灵或万古霉素治疗。大多数病人对治疗产生应答，但仍有10％到20％的病人将进展为再发性CDAD（RCDAD），因此需要再治疗。

关键词：难辨梭状芽胞杆菌再治疗抗生素结肠镜检查相关性腹泻病因胃肠道感染严重并发症

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Uptake and outcomes of small intestinal and urinary tract cancer surveillance in Lynch syndrome

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第11期12卷 1023-1036页

作者： Jeshua DeJesse Ravy K Vajravelu christina Dudzik Gillain Constantino Jessica m Long Kirk J Wangensteen Kathleen D Valverde Bryson W Katona Department of Genetics University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Division of Hematology and Oncology University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

BACKGROUND Lynch syndrome(LS)is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome associated with increased risk of multiple *** colorectal cancer surveillance decreases mortality in LS and is recommended by guidelines,there is lack of evidence for the efficacy of surveillance for extra-colonic cancers associated with LS,including small intestinal cancer(SIC)and urinary tract cancer(UTC).Given the limited evidence,guidelines do not consistently recommend surveillance for SIC and UTC,and it remains unclear how often individuals will choose to undergo and follow through with extra-colonic surveillance *** To study factors associated with SIC and UTC surveillance uptake and outcomes in *** This is an IRB-approved retrospective analysis of individuals with LS seen at a tertiary care referral *** individuals had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in mLH1,mSH2,mSH6,PmS2,or EPCAm,or were a confirmed obligate carrier,and had at least one documented visit to our *** regarding SIC and UTC surveillance was captured for each individual,and detailed personal and family history was obtained for individuals who had an initial LS management visit in our center’s dedicated high-risk LS clinic between January 1,2017 and October 29,*** these initial management visits,all patients had in-depth discussions of SIC and UTC surveillance with 1 of 3 providers experienced in LS management to promote informed decision-making about whether to pursue SIC and/or UTC *** analysis using Pearson’s chi-squared test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was completed to understand the factors associated with pursuit and completion of SIC and UTC surveillance,and a P value below 0.05 was deemed statistically *** Of 317 individuals with LS,86(27%)underwent a total of 105 SIC surveillance examinations,with 5 leading to additional work-up and no SICs ***,99(31%)patients underwent a total of 3

关键词： Lynch syndrome Urinary tract cancer Intestinal neoplasms Early diagnosis of cancer Patient preference Gastrointestinal surgical procedure

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Caspase-8 promotes scramblase-mediated phosphatidylserine exposure and fusion of osteoclast precursors

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Bone Research 2024年第3期12卷 611-620页

作者： Brenda Krishnacoumar martin Stenzel Hilal Garibagaoglu Yasunori Omata Rachel L.Sworn Thea Hofmann Natacha Ipseiz magdalena A.Czubala Ulrike Steffen Antonio maccataio Cornelia Stoll christina Böhm martin Herrmann Stefan Uderhardt Robert H.Jenkins Philip R.Taylor Anika Grüneboom mario m.Zaiss Georg Schett Gerhard Krönke Carina Scholtysek Department of Internal medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen91054 ErlangenGermany Department of Biopsectroscopy Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V.Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str.11Dortmund 44227Germany medical Faculty University HospitalUniversity Duisburg-EssenEssen 45147Germany Systems Immunity Research Institute Heath ParkCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Optical Imaging Competence Centre(FAU OICE) Exploratory Research UnitFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Division of Infection&Immunity Heath ParkCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin BerlinGermany Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

Efficient cellular fusion of mononuclear precursors is the prerequisite for the generation of fully functional multinucleated bone-resorbing ***,the exact molecular factors and mechanisms controlling osteoclast fusion remain incompletely *** we identify RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 as early key event during osteoclast fusion.

关键词： incomplete exact activation

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A Class of Algorithms for Solving LP Problems by Prioritizing the Constraints

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American Journal of Operations Research 2023年第6期13卷 177-205页

作者： Dimitris G. Tsarmpopoulos christina D. Nikolakakou George S. Androulakis Department of Business Administration University of Patras Patras Greece Department of Digital Systems University of the Peloponnese Sparta Greece

Linear programming is a method for solving linear optimization problems with constraints, widely met in real-world applications. In the vast majority of these applications, the number of constraints is significantly larger than the number of variables. Since the crucial subject of these problems is to detect the constraints that will be verified as equality in an optimal solution, there are methods for investigating such constraints to accelerate the whole process. In this paper, a technique named proximity technique is addressed, which under a proposed theoretical framework gives an ascending order to the constraints in such a way that those with low ranking are characterized of high priority to be binding. Under this framework, two new Linear programming optimization algorithms are introduced, based on a proposed Utility matrix and a utility vector accordingly. For testing the addressed algorithms firstly a generator of 10,000 random linear programming problems of dimension n with m constraints, where , is introduced in order to simulate as many as possible real-world problems, and secondly, real-life linear programming examples from the NETLIB repository are tested. A discussion of the numerical results is given. Furthermore, already known methods for solving linear programming problems are suggested to be fitted under the proposed framework.

关键词： Linear Programming Binding Constraints Redundant Constraints Proximity Technique Constraint Ranking Constraint Detection

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Active Peptides and motifs within Collagen and Other ECm Proteins

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American Journal of molecular Biology 2023年第4期13卷 241-260页

作者： Lixin Dai Stanley W. Lue Isabelle Hansenne-Cervantes christina Karas Natalia E. Iyke Austin Parish Jing Wang Caitlin m. Zuilkoski modern meadow Inc. Nutley NJ USA

Collagens are the most abundant proteins in mammals and form an extracellular matrix (ECm) with other components as the structural support of muscle, skin, corneas and blood vessels etc. Other than providing structural support, the ECm exhibits active communication with cells and influences many cellular processes including migration, wound healing, differentiation and cancer metastasis. Though collagen proteins contain highly repetitive primary sequences and defined tertiary structures, more and more studies have shown that many short peptides/motifs within collagen proteins play key roles in various biological processes. These short sequences are effective within triple helical structures or independently as stand-alone molecules resulting from proteolytic degradation. Besides endogenous ECm-derived peptides, many more functional peptides have been produced by tissue processing, chemical synthesis, and recombinant protein production. In this review, we summarize different peptides/motifs identified in collagen and other ECm proteins and discuss their potential for medical, personal care, and cosmetics applications.

关键词： Collagen Extracellular matrix Peptides Recombinant Protein

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Apolipoprotein B100 is required for hepatitis C infectivity and mipomersen inhibits hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9954-9965页

作者： Esperance AK Schaefer James meixiong christina mark Amy Deik Daniel L motola Dahlene Fusco Andrew Yang Cynthia Brisac Shadi Salloum Wenyu Lin Clary B Clish Lee F Peng Raymond T Chung Gastrointestinal Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Bossston MA 02114 United States Department of medicine Harvard Medical School Bossston MA 02114 United States both of the Broad Institute of Harvard and m.I.T. Cambridge MA 02115 United States Temple University Health System Cambridge MA 02142 United States

AIm To characterize the role of apolipoprotein B100(apoB 100) in hepatitis C viral(HCV) infection. mETHODS In this study, we utilize a gene editing tool, transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs), to generate human hepatoma cells with a stable genetic deletion of APOB to assess of apoB in HCV. Using infectious cell culture-competent HCV, viral pseudoparticles, replicon models, and lipidomic analysis we determined the contribution of apoB to each step of the viral lifecycle. We further studied the effect of mipomersen, an FDAapproved antisense inhibitor of apoB 100, on HCV using in vitro cell-culture competent HCV and determined itsimpact on viral infectivity with the TCID50 method. RESULTS We found that apo B100 is indispensable for HCV infection. Using the JFH-1 fully infectious cell-culture competent virus in Huh 7 hepatoma cells with TALENmediated gene deletion of apoB(APOB KO), we found a significant reduction in HCV RNA and protein levels following infection. Pseudoparticle and replicon models demonstrated that apo B did not play a role in HCV entry or replication. However, the virus produced by APOB KO cells had significantly diminished infectivity as measured by the TCID-50 method compared to wildtype virus. Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that these virions have a fundamentally altered lipidome, with complete depletion of cholesterol esters. We further demonstrate that inhibition of apoB using mipomersen, an FDA-approved anti-sense oligonucleotide, results in a potent anti-HCV effect and significantly reduces the infectivity of the virus. CONCLUSION Apo B is required for the generation of fully infectious HCV virions, and inhibition of apo B with mipomersen blocks HCV. Targeting lipid metabolic pathways to impair viral infectivity represents a novel host targeted strategy to inhibit HCV.

关键词： Apolipoprotein Lipid Hepatitis C virus Gene silencing Viral replication

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Oncogene GAEC1 regulates CAPN10 expression which predicts survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2772-2780页

作者： Dessy Chan miriam Yuen-Tung Tsoi christina Di Liu SauHing Chan Simon Ying-Kit Law Kwok-Wah Chan Yuen-Piu Chan Vinod Gopalan Alfred King-Yin Lam Johnny Cheuk-On Tang State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences Lo Ka Chung Centre for Natural Anti-cancer Drug Development Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Surgery Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Department of Pathology Griffith Medical School and Griffith Health Institute Griffith University

AIm: To identify the downstream regulated genes of GAEC1 oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinicopathological significance. mETHODS: The anti-proliferative effect of knocking down the expression of GAEC1 oncogene was stud-ied by using the RNA interference (RNAi) approach through transfecting the GAEC1 -overexpressed esophageal carcinoma cell line KYSE150 with the pSilencer vector cloned with a GAEC1 -targeted sequence, followed by mTS cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. RNA was then extracted from the parental, pSilencer-GAEC1 -targeted sequence transfected and pSilencer negative control vector transfected KYSE150 cells for further analysis of different patterns in gene expression. Genes differentially expressed with suppressed GAEC1 expression were then determined using Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 cDNA microarray analysis by comparing with the parental cells and normalized with the pSilencer negative control vector transfected cells. The most prominently regulated genes were then studied by immunohistochemical staining using tissue microarrays to determine their clinicopathological correlations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by statistical analyses. RESULTS: The RNAi approach of knocking down gene expression showed the effective suppression of GAEC1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line KYSE150 that resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and increase of apoptotic population. cDNA microarray analysis for identifying differentially expressed genes detected the greatest levels of downregulation of calpain 10 (CAPN10 ) and upregulation of trinucleotide repeat containing 6C (TNRC6C ) transcripts when GAEC1 expression was suppressed. At the tissue level, the high level expression of calpain 10 protein was significantly associated with longer patient survival (month) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma compared to the patients with low level of calpain 10 expression (37.73 ±

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Oncogene RNA interference Calpain 10 Tissue microarray

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中国湖北钉螺(腹足纲:圆口螺科)分类现状

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海洋科学集刊 1997年第2期 89-95页

作者： George m.Davis 张仪郭源华 christina Spolsky 美国费城自然科学院中国预防医学科学院寄生蟲病研究所

本文对采自中国境内不同水域、不问螺壳类型的14个螺群的同工酶数据进行了遗传分化研究,探讨中国湖北钉螺的分类现状。结果表明,中国钉螺存在重要的遗传分化及与避传分化相关的可分辨的类型。对此进行研究后还发现了县城交叉传播和亚种... 详细信息

本文对采自中国境内不同水域、不问螺壳类型的14个螺群的同工酶数据进行了遗传分化研究,探讨中国湖北钉螺的分类现状。结果表明,中国钉螺存在重要的遗传分化及与避传分化相关的可分辨的类型。对此进行研究后还发现了县城交叉传播和亚种间可能存在3个例外杂合螺群的依据;此外。螺群遗传分化类型与地理分布、螺壳刻纹和形态特征相一致。以此为基础,湖北钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)再分成3个独立的亚种:滇川亚种(***)、福建亚种(***)和湖北亚种(***)。

关键词：湖北钉螺分类遗传分化

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