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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第4期8卷 220-222页

作者： H ross Anderson Jon G Ayres Patricia M Sturdy J Martin Bland Barbara K Butland Clare Peckitt Jennifer C Taylor christina r victor 王同德（译）代华平（校） Department of Community Health Sciences St George＇s Hospital Medical School London SW17 ORE 不详

目的研究支气管扩张剂的应用与哮喘死亡的相关性。设计方法病例对照研究。研究设置英国33个卫生权威机构或卫生组织。研究对象532例年龄小于65岁而且死于哮喘的患者和532例对照病例,他们是与前者在住院日期、年龄和地区相匹配的哮喘住... 详细信息

目的研究支气管扩张剂的应用与哮喘死亡的相关性。设计方法病例对照研究。研究设置英国33个卫生权威机构或卫生组织。研究对象532例年龄小于65岁而且死于哮喘的患者和532例对照病例,他们是与前者在住院日期、年龄和地区相匹配的哮喘住院患者。主要结局指标应用比值比(Or)方法研究哮喘死亡与应用支气管扩张剂及其他治疗的相关性,同时对始发年龄、先前住院情况、相关的慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和其他种类药物进行校正,以分析这种相关性的敏感性。结果通过校正发现哮喘死亡与患者在过去4～12月内的用药无明显相关性,而与患者过去1～5年内吸入短效β2激动剂呈正相关(Or2.05,95%CI1.26～3.33),这种相关性主要表现在45～64岁年龄组,但与过去1～5年内使用抗生素呈负相关(0.59,0.39～0.89),这种负相关在45岁以下的患者表现更显著。年龄对各个时期的用药都有影响,在45岁以下年龄组口服类固醇激素与哮喘死亡呈负相关。哮喘死亡与患者过去1～5年内使用长效β2激动剂呈负相关,而与使用甲基黄嘌呤呈正相关,但它们无显著意义。结论没有证据显示中长期吸入长效β2激动剂有负面效应。短效β2激动剂与死亡呈正相关有多种解释,仅其中一项是它的直接负面效应。

关键词：支气管扩张剂药物治疗哮喘死亡甲基黄嘌呤短效β2激动剂

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Perspectives of visualization onboarding and guidance in VA

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Visual Informatics 2022年第1期6卷 68-83页

作者： christina Stoiber Davide Ceneda Markus Wagner victor Schetinger Theresia Gschwandtner Marc Streit Silvia Miksch Wolfgang Aigner St.Pölten University of Applied Sciences Austria TU Wien Austria Erste Group Bank AG Austria Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria

A typical problem in Visual Analytics(VA)is that users are highly trained experts in their application domains,but have mostly no experience in using VA ***,users often have difficulties interpreting and working with visual *** overcome these problems,user assistance can be incorporated into VA systems to guide experts through the analysis while closing their knowledge *** types of user assistance can be applied to extend the power of VA,enhance the user’s experience,and broaden the audience for *** different approaches to visualization onboarding and guidance in VA already exist,there is a lack of research on how to design and integrate them in effective and efficient ***,we aim at putting together the pieces of the mosaic to form a coherent *** on the Knowledge-Assisted Visual Analytics model,we contribute a conceptual model of user assistance for VA by integrating the process of visualization onboarding and guidance as the two main approaches in this *** a result,we clarify and discuss the commonalities and differences between visualization onboarding and guidance,and discuss how they benefit from the integration of knowledge extraction and ***,we discuss our descriptive model by applying it to VA tools integrating visualization onboarding and guidance,and showing how they should be utilized in different phases of the analysis in order to be effective and accepted by the user.

关键词： User assistance Visual Analytics Conceptual model Visualization onboarding Guidance

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Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Acceptability and Its Associated Factors among Mothers of Female Children 9 - 14 Years in Ndola District of Zambia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第11期14卷 1757-1774页

作者： Diana K. Mwaba Shepherd Khondowe victor Daka Priscilla Mwanza christina Chisanga Hope Kalasa Michael Nambozi Copperbelt Provincial Health Office Ndola Zambia Tropical Diseases research Center Ndola Zambia School of Medicine Copperbelt University Ndola Zambia Fiona Stanely Hospital Perth Australia Ndola Teaching Hospital Ndola Zambia

Zambia has the second-highest incidence of HPV-related cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, with a rate of 53.7 per 100,000 women, despite the availability of prophylactic HPV vaccines targeting HPV types 16 and 18. As parental consent is often required for adolescent vaccinations, understanding the factors influencing parental acceptance is essential. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and its associated factors among mothers of female children aged 9 - 14 years in Ndola, Zambia. This cross-sectional survey involved 350 mothers from selected townships in Ndola District and utilized multivariable logistic regression to analyze data. The findings revealed an HPV vaccine acceptability rate of 61.8%. Key factors influencing vaccine acceptance included knowledge of HPV, occupational status, and alcohol consumption. Mothers who had knowledge of HPV were 2.41 times more likely to accept vaccination for their daughters [AOr 2.41 (95% CI: 1.63 - 3.62)]. Employment status also played a significant role, with employed mothers being 1.47 times more likely to accept the vaccine [AOr 1.47 (95% CI: 1.02 - 2.13)]. Additionally, mothers who did not consume alcohol were 1.81 times more likely to accept the vaccine for their daughters [AOr 1.81 (95% CI: 1.22 - 2.66)]. We conclude that the HPV vaccine acceptability rate in Ndola, Zambia, remains suboptimal. This underscores the need for targeted interventions, such as public health campaigns and educational programs, to improve HPV vaccine knowledge and acceptance, particularly among specific demographic groups. Enhancing understanding of the HPV vaccine’s benefits could contribute to reducing the high burden of cervical cancer in Zambia.

关键词： Human Papillomavirus Cervical Cancer Vaccine Acceptability Zambia

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