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Analysis of Climate Variability and Relation to Vegetation in Garamba National Park from 1990-2020

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第10期11卷 700-723页

作者： Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang christian jonathan kouassi anoma College of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Beijing Forestry University Beijing China

Climatic factors impact vegetation. Our study was to examine and analyze the climate variability and relationship to vegetation in Garamba National Park of the Democratic Republic of the Congo over the past 30 years (1990 to 2020), then to relate the climatic variables. Mann Kendall’s non parametric test, ANOVA, and p-value tests are used to analyze existing trends and relationships between vegetation cover, climatic factors, land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference in temperature Vegetation index (NDVI), Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in Garamba national park which is of particular importance for the network of protected areas of the Democratic republic of Congo because its position at the northern limit of the savanna-forest mosaics gives it a unique biodiversity. The southern part of the park is dominated by grassy shrub savannas. The results showed that: 1) In Garamba, the monthly correlation coefficient of Kendall and Pearsan between temperature and precipitation are negative respectively 0.763 and −0.876 (p-value < 0.00001). 2) Annually during the three decades in Garamba, the correlation between precipitation and NDVI is significant 0.416 (Kendall) and 0.496 (Pearsan);the same between precipitation and EVI 0.291 (Kendall) and 0.496 (Pearsan) while LST and precipitation are negatively correlated (p-value < 0.00001).

关键词： Remote Sensing Correlation Coefficient Vegetation Land Surface Temperature Enhanced Vegetation Index Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Forest Resources Depletion: An Ecological Model for Biodiversity Preservation and Conservation in Cote D’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第12期11卷 870-890页

作者： christian jonathan anoma kouassi Dilawar Khan Lutumba Suika Achille James Kehinde Omifolaji Zhang Kebin School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Federal University Dutse Nigeria

The biodiversity-rich primary forest of Cote d’Ivoire has been substantially converted into a mosaic of secondary forests, cash and lumber plantations, food crops, and timber plantations, food crops, and wasteland. Deforestation started even before independence but has increased dramatically in the last three decades, resulting in the loss of most of the country’s biodiversity. It is essential to have information about the condition of the country’s natural resources following many human pressures. This research aimed to examine the Cote d’Ivoire Phytogeographical zones to understand the state of the wood’s ad wildlife in 2020 about the anthropic pressure on the whole Ivorian land. The Land-Use Planner approach has been used as a tool for creating a model for preserving biodiversity. There are 15 endangered tree species recognized, five each phytogeographical zone. Buffaloes are seen and distributed in the West and north of Cote d’Ivoire, duikers are observed in nearly all phytogeographical zones, elephants are observed in the West and North. At the same time, harnessed guibs are observed and dispersed across the nation, according to the findings. In terms of endangered tree species, the most frequent endangered trees species in the country’s south are Strombosia pustulata (6.2%), Diospyros mannii (5.1%), Protomegabaria stapfiana (3.7%), Musanga cecropiodes (3.6%), and Xylopia quintasii (3.2%). In the Middle Tectona grandis accounts for (11.8%), Nesogordonia papaverifera accounts for (4.2%), Cedrela odorata accounts for (3.7%), and Gmelia Arborea accounts for (2.8%). In the North, Isoberlinia doka accounts for (10.3%), Upaca togoenisis accounts for 8.9%, Anogeisssus leicarpa accounts for (5.1%), Pterocarpus erinaceus accounts for (4.6%), and Pericopsis laxiflora accounts for (3.9%). In reforested woods, the volume of merchantable wood timber of the P1

关键词： Endemic Species Deforestation Cote d’Ivoire Land-Use Planner Phytography

Assessing Change of Lamto Reserve Area Based on the MODIS Time Series Data and Bioclimatic Factors Using BFAST Algorithms

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第4期13卷 517-540页

作者： christian jonathan anoma kouassi Dilawar Khan Lutumba Suika Achille James Kehinde Omifolaji Mikouendanandi Mouendo Rahmat Brice Espoire Kebin Zhang Xiaohui Yang School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Federal University Dutse Dutse Jigawa State Nigeria School of Economics and Management Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China

Lamto Reserve area is a savannah landscape threatened by periodic drought, and anthropogenic activities leading to natural ecological imbalance. The ecological support services of the landscape had been significantly impacted by the grassland ecosystem. The Breaks for Additive Season and Trend Algorithms have been implemented in R to analyze the land cover/land use dynamic in relation to the climatic driver of Lamto forest from 2000 to 2020. We examine the vegetation state breaks using vegetation phenological patterns, and several time series including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the Enhanced Vegetation Index, were studied utilizing Breaks for Additive Season and Trend. The findings indicate that the phenological changes in the vegetation in 2020 resulted from an increased temperature from (27.7°C) to (32.17°C), and a decrease in precipitation (71.75 millimeters). The analysis of variance ANOVA of the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test reveals a strong correlation between Precipitation/Evapotranspiration Grass (p mperature/Evapotranspiration Grass (p < 0.311), and Temperature/Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (p in vegetation detected by the Breaks for Additive Season and Trend Algorithms were caused by temperature extremes and reduced rainfall.

关键词： Assessing Break Change Detection Land Cover Climate Extreme Vegetation Vulnerability

Analysis of Climate Variability and Relation to Vegetation in Garamba National Park from 1990-2020

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Dynamics of Deforestation and Degradation of Forests in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1990 to 2018

Open Journal of Ecology（生态学期刊） 2021年第10期

作者： Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang christian jonathan kouassi anoma

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Influence of Spatial Distribution on the Regeneration of <i>Piptadeniastrum africanum</i>and <i>Ocotea usambaernsis</i>in Kalikuku, Lubero, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo

Open Journal of Ecology（生态学期刊） 2021年第5期

作者： Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang christian jonathan kouassi anoma

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第7期11卷 527-539页

作者： Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang Kambale Muhesi Eloge christian jonathan Anona kouassi Mbangilwa Mukombe Michel College of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques Vétérinaires et Forestières de Butembo Butembo Democratic Republic of Congo Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Ministry of Education School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin China

The aim of our study is to highlight the spatial structure of the trees and to determine its influence on the natural regeneration of the Kalikuku dense forest, with a view of its optimal conservation and enhancement. Data collection was done by measuring diameter at breast height along 10 plots of 0.5 ha in size. In analyzing these data, the Dajoz test was used to determine the horizontal spatial distribution pattern of the two most abundant tree species in the forest (Piptadeniastrum africanum and Ocotea usambarensis). The χ2 test was used to compare the frequency distribution of diameter classes for the two species tested. To estimate the difference between the number of seedlings in aggregate versus non-aggregate areas, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. In addition, the equability index was used to test the preponderance of proportions between diameter classes. Finally, the natural regeneration index was evaluated.

关键词： Spatial Distribution Natural Regeneration Seedlings Diameter Class