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Simulation of Gamma-Ray and Neutron Spectrometers for Microsatellite Missions

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第8期6卷 105-132页

作者： Masayuki Naito Nobuyuki Hasebe Junya Ishii José A.Matias-Lopes Valery V.Dmitrenko christian wohler Kyeong Ja Kim School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Physics University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal National Research Nuclear University MEPhI MoscowRussia Image Analysis Group Dortmund University of TechnologyDortmundGermany Korea Institute of Gescience and Mineral Resources DaejeonSouth Korea

Microsatellites have recently opened windows of frequent and low cost missions for planetary exploration. The performance of gamma-ray and neutron spectrometers on future microsatellite missions is simulated to assess the possibility of observation of hydrogen and major elements, given their concentration on the observation target. The measured elemental abundance will provide important geological constraints, and some of them may serve as space resources. Four different types of target bodies with various hydrogen concentrations in the range of 0 - 20,000 ppm are assumed as target compositions;Earth’s core, C-type, S-type and Martian meteorites. Gamma-ray and neutron emission rates show unique footprints that are related to the different elemental compositions. The starting point is the solid angle subtended between observation target and spectrometers that allow estimating the gamma-ray and neutron count rates emitted by the celestial bodies. In this work, three types of gamma-ray detectors;high-purity germanium (HPGe), CeBr3 and LaBr3(Ce), a neutron spectrometer combining a lithium glass scintillator with a boron loaded plastic scintillator and a dual mode spectrometer Cs2LiYCl6(Ce) (CLYC) are simulated, focusing on their observation backgrounds as a model case for microsatellite based measurements. The background count level of both gamma-ray (except for the LaBr3 detector) and neutron count rates was negligible under these particular conditions. The gamma-ray detectors were compared by the figure of merit, which was determined by their efficiency and energy resolution. It was found that each detector has unique advantages. The HPGe detector has the highest figure of merit due to its excellent energy resolution, whereas the CLYC detector is low in weight and power consumption due to its dual sensitivity to gamma-ray and neutron. The CeBr3 detector is an intermediate choice. The neutron count rates are calculated separately in three energy ranges, i.e. , thermal

关键词： Gamma-Ray Spectrometer Neutron Spectrometer Microsatellite.High Purity Germanium CeBr3 LaBr3(Ce) CLYC

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