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Determination of riding comfort on cycleways using a smartphone application

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 747-760页

作者： Anna Niska Leif Sj?gren Peter Andrén christian weber Tineke de Jong Aslak Fyhri Department of Infrastructure Maintenance Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI) Department of Safety and Behavior Institute of Transport Economics

Well maintained cycleways will encourage more people to cycle, as the condition of cycleways is important for the safety, accessibility and riding comfort of cyclists. Despite that, only a few models used to describe the quality of service for cyclists take the surface condition into account. Objective measuring methods are needed to enable reliable and effective assessment of surface conditions, and measurable performance criteria related to the needs of cyclists should be developed. The purpose of this study has been to test the reliability and validity of using accelerometers in smartphones to assess the riding comfort on cycleways. A smartphone application converting three-dimensional accelerometer measurements into a single indicator for cycleways has been used to assess road surfaces in two field studies, in Sweden and Norway, respectively. Both studies assessed test sections of varying quality. To relate the measurements to subjective riding comfort assessments by cyclists, recruited cyclists collected quantitative data using the app, whilst also rating their perceived riding comfort by completing a survey. Measurements were also related to standard road surface condition indicators, generated from a road surface tester equipped with 19 laser sensors: international roughness index(IRI), mega-and macrotexture. The results show that it is possible to describe the unevenness of a cycleway using the technology present in smartphones. A software application can be used to collect and analyse data from the acceleration sensors in the phone, which can then be used to describe the riding comfort of cyclists. It is mainly the unevenness in the 50-1000 mm sizerange that create the greatest discomfort for cyclists, and intermittent vibrations are perceived as more uncomfortable than more evenly distributed vibrations. Therefore, IRI is not a relevant measurement for describing the riding comfort of cyclists.

关键词： Cyclist Comfort Assessment Road surface measurement Smartphone application

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Assessment of hemostatic profile in patients with mild to advanced liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第17期26卷 2097-2110页

作者： Elisabeth Hannah Adam Madara Mohlmann Eva Herrmann Sonia Schneider Kai Zacharowski Stefan Zeuzem christian Friedrich weber Nina Weiler Department of Anaesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Pain TherapyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Biostatistics and mathematical modeling University Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe-University FrankfurtFrankfurt 60590Germany Department of Anaesthesiology Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency MedicineAsklepios Clinics HamburgHamburg 22043Germany

BACKGROUND Hemostasis of patients suffering from liver cirrhosis is challenging due to both,pro-and anticoagulatory disorders leading to hemostatic alterations with distinct abnormalities of *** changes in conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count are common manifestations of decreased liver synthesis of coagulation factors and reduced platelet count in these ***,conventional coagulation analysis and platelet count do not reflect invivo coagulation status or platelet *** purpose of this present observational study was therefore to assess the haemostatic profile including plasmatic coagulation using thrombelastometry and impedance aggregometry for platelet function in patients suffering from liver *** To assess the hemostatic profile of cirrhotic patients according to model for endstage liver disease(MELD)*** Our study included both in-and outpatients suffering from liver cirrhosis attending the out-and inpatient care of the department of *** and biochemical data as well as medical history including cause of liver cirrhosis,end stage kidney failure and medication with anticoagulants were *** assess the hemostatic profile,platelet function was analyzed by multiple electrode aggregometry(MEA)using Multiplate^■(ADP-,ASPI-and TRAP-test)and thrombelastometry using ROTEM^■(EXTEM,INTEM,FIBTEM).Data were compared using Mann-Whitney U-or χ^*** correlation was performed to analyze the association between MELD Score and results of thrombelastometry and *** A total of 68 patients attending the out-and inpatient care suffering from liver cirrhosis were *** these,50 patients were included and assigned to groups according to MELD score 6 to 11(n=25)or≥17(n=25).Baseline patient characteristics revealed significant differences for MELD score(8 vs 22,P<0.0001)and underlying laboratory parameters(international normalized ratio,bilirubine,creatinine)as well as

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Model for end-stage liver disease Coagulopathy Multiple electrode aggregometry Thrombelastometry Hemostasis

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IKKβ binds NLRP3 providing a shortcut to inflammasome activation for rapid immune responses

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第11期7卷 4022-4024页

作者： Yaw Asare Margarita Shnipova LukaŽivković Christina Schlegl Federica Tosato Arailym Aronova Markus Brandhofer Laura Strohm Nathalie Beaufort Rainer Malik christian weber Jürgen Bernhagen Martin Dichgans Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research(ISD) University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University(LMU)MunichGermany Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology(SyNergy) MunichGermany Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention(IPEK) LMUMunichGermany

Dear Editor,A rapid immune response to signals released from pathogens and injuries is critical for maintaining tissue integrity and restoring *** response is largely mediated by the concerted action of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs).Such cooperativity has been described for Toll-like receptors(TLRs)and NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely *** are multi-protein complexes defined by a cytosolic innate immune sensor,usually a PRR,which recruits the adaptor molecule apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain(ASC)to activate the effector caspase-1 leading to the release of matured IL-1βand *** caspase-1 further cleaves gasdermin D(GSDMD)allowing the N-terminal domain of GSDMD(GSDMD-N)to form pores in the plasma membrane,thus facilitating the release of matured IL-1βand ***-forming GSDMD-N further induces pyroptosis,an inflammatory form of cell death.

关键词： NLRP3 release activation

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Diagnostic approaches for cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4131-4136页

作者： Andreas weber Roland M Schmid christian Prinz Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Technical University of MunichMunich 81675Germany

Cholangiocarcinomas arise from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts and are associated with poor prognosis. Despite new diagnostic approaches, the definite diagnosis of this malignancy continues to be challenging. Cholangiocarcinomas often grow longitudinally along the bile duct rather than in a radial direction. Thus, large tumor masses are frequently absent and imaging techniques, including ultrasound, CT, and MRI have only limited sensitivity. Tissue collection during endoscopic (ERCP) and/or percutaneous transhepatic (PTC) procedures are usually used to confirm a definitive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. However, forceps biopsy and brush cytology provide positive results for malignancy in about only 50% of patients. Percutaneous and peroral cholangioscopy using fiber-optic techniques were therefore developed for direct visualization of the biliary tree, yielding additional information about endoscopic appearance and tumor extension, as well as a guided biopsy acquistion. Finally, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) complements endoscopic and percutaneous approaches and may provide a tissue diagnosis of tumors in the biliary region through fine-needle aspiration. In the future, new techniques allowing for early detection, including molecular markers, should be developed to improve the diagnostic sensitivity in this increasing tumor entity.

关键词： Diagnosis Brush cytology Forceps biopsy Cholangiocarcinoma

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Recurrent severe gastrointestinal bleeding and malabsorption due to extensive habitual megacolon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第48期11卷 7686-7687页

作者： Ingo Mecklenburg Markus Leibig Christof weber Stefan Schmidbauer christian Folwaczny Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department of Cardiology Institute for Clinical Radiology Department of Surgery

Dilatation of the colon and the rectum, which is not attributable to aganglionosis, is a rare finding and can be the result of intractable chronic constipation. We report a rare case of a 29-year-old male patient with impressive megacolon, in whom Hirschsprung's or Chagas disease was ruled out. In the present case, dilatation of the colon was most likely due to a behavioral disorder with habitual failure of defecation. Chronic stool retention led to a bizarre bulging of the large bowel with displacement of the other abdominal organs and severe occult blood loss. Because of two episodes of life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding despite conventional treatment of constipation, a surgical approach for bowel restoration was necessary. Temporary loop ileostomy had to be performed for depressurization of the large bowel and the subsequent possibility for effective antegrade colonic lavage to remove impacted stools. Shortly after the operation, the patient was healthy and could easily manage the handling of the ileostomy. However, the course of the megacolon in this young adult cannot be predicted and the follow-up will have to reveal if regression of this extreme colonic distension with reestablishment of regular rectal perception will occur.

关键词： Gastrointestinal bleeding Malabsorption Habitual megacolon

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Model-based optimization of adaptive external counterpulsation therapy

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 208-226页

作者： Soren Weyer Hannes weber christian Kleeberg Steffen Leonhardt Daniel Teichmann Chair for Medical Information Technology Helmholtz Institute RWTH Aachen University Pauwelsstr.20AachenGermany tic Medizintechnik GmbH&Co.KG Endelner Feld 9 DorstenGermany

External counterpulsation therapy(ECP)is a non-invasive method to assist the circulatory *** main principle of ECP is to initiate a diastolic pulse wave in the arterial system by squeezing the inner leg *** and low veins are compressed due to muscle contractions,which are triggered by functional electrical stimulation(FES).In this work,a new trigger method for the stimulation is *** flow is determined by measuring the pulsatile change of conductivity in the observed segment by impedance *** proposed“adaptive stimulation”allows the automatic adjustment of the start and duration of the stimulation to improve transport of venous *** this purpose,a mathematical circulation model was developed for optimization of the adaptive functional electrical *** model takes into account the effects of gravity,muscle pump with or without FES,and venous *** model was shown to have a behavior similar to that of clinical *** simulation showed a flow enhancement of up to 14%and,furthermore,that the start of the stimulation is less important than the duration of each stimulation ***,an adaptation of the heart rate seems necessary,as the expulsion and refill times must remain relatively constant for an optimal pumping *** a practical approach,it is reasonable to adapt the duration of stimulation to 56%of the cardiac cycle in order to reach a maximum flow.

关键词： Optimization circulation model vein pump activation functional electrical stimulation

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Emerging R&D on membranes and systems for water reuse and desalination

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1578-1585页

作者： Tai-Shung Chung Dieling Zhao Jie Gao Kangjia Lu Chunfeng Wan Martin weber christian Maletzko Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore Advanced Materials and Systems Research BASF SERAP/OUB - B167056 LudwigshafenGermany Performance Materials BASF SEG-PMFSU-F20667056 LudwigshafenGermany

Sustainable production of clean water is a global *** we firmly believe that membrane technologies are one of the most promising solutions to tackle the global water challenges,one must reduce their energy consumption and fouling propensity for broad sustainable *** addition,different membranes face various challenges in their specific applications during long-term *** this short review,we will summarize the recent progresses in emerging membrane technologies and system integration to advance and sustain water reuse and desalination with discussion on their challenges and perspectives.

关键词： Membrane technology Water reuse Desalination Hybrid system Nanomaterials

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Plastid Signals and the Bundle Sheath： Mesophyll Development in Reticulate Mutants

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 14-29页

作者： Peter K. Lundquist christian Rosar Andrea Brautigam Andreas P.M. weber Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich-Neine-Universitat Universitatsstrasse 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany Alte StraBe 2 34225 Baunatal Germany

The development of a plant leaf is a meticulously orchestrated sequence of events producing a complex organ comprising diverse cell types. The reticulate class of leaf variegation mutants displays contrasting pigmentation between veins and interveinal regions due to specific aberrations in the development of mesophyll cells. Thus, the reticulate mutants offer a potent tool to investigate cell-type-specific developmental processes. The discovery that most mutants are affected in plastid-localized, metabolic pathways that are strongly expressed in vasculature-associated tis- sues implicates a crucial role for the bundle sheath and their chloroplasts in proper development of the mesophyll cells. Here, we review the reticulate mutants and their phenotypic characteristics, with a focus on those in Arabidopsis thali- ana. Two alternative models have been put forward to explain the relationship between plastid metabolism and meso- phyll cell development, which we call here the supply and the signaling hypotheses. We critically assess these proposed models and discuss their implications for leaf development and bundle sheath function in C3 species. The characteriza- tion of the reticulate mutants supports the significance of plastid retrograde signaling in cell development and highlights the significance of the bundle sheath in C3 photosynthesis.

关键词： reticulate mesophyll bundle sheath development intercellular signaling leaf variegation plastid.

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Bestimmung des regionalen Blutvolumens (rBV) in Meningeomen: Vergleich von Echoplanar-und Gradientenechosequenzen

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2004年第6期24卷 610-614页

作者：吴仁华 Roland Bruening christian Berchtenbreiter Jügen weber 郎志谨 Maximilian Reiser Abteilung für Radiologie Medizinische Fakultt der Universitt ShantouShantou 515041ChinaInstitut für Diagnostische RadiologieKlinikum GrophadernLudwig-Maximilians-UniversittMünchen 81377Germany Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie Klinikum GrophadernLudwig-Maximilians-UniversittMünchen 81377Germany Abteilung für Radiologie Medizinische Universitt DalianDalian 116011

Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate relative regional blood volume (rCBV) in meningioma and compare the utility of reconstruction using both gradient-echo sequence and echo-planar-imaging (EPI) *** patients with meningiomas were studied on a Siemens 1.5-T scanner. During the gradient-echo sequence (n=12) and EPI sequence (n=6), a bolus ^(0.2 mmol/kg) of Gd-DTPA was injected mechanically with a flow rate of 5 ml/second. Image processing of dynamic data was performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The ratio of tumor rCBV/gray matter rCBV was 3.01±1.18 (3.07 ± 1.39 in gradient sequence and 2.84 ± 0.94 in EPI sequence). The ratio of gray matter/ white matter as the reference tissue had a mean of 2.79 ± 0.76 using the FLASH sequence, and a mean of 3.04 ± 1.31 using EPI. These differences were not statistically signifcant (P>0.5, t-test). According to the ratio of tumor rCBV/gray matter rCBV, a mean value, 14.5 ml/100 g, of rCBV in meningiomas was calculated. Compared with gray matter, increased inhomogeneous rCBV was observed in meningioma. Based on the two different sequences, no bias can be observed in our rCBV reconstruction.

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging meningioma blood volume

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In vitro activity of moxifloxacin and piperacillin/sulbactam against pathogens of acute cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3174-3178页

作者： Andreas weber Wolfgang Huber Klaus Kamereck Philipp Winkle Petra Voland Hans Weidenbach Roland M Schmid christian Prinz Department of Gastroenterology Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and Hygiene Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich

AIM：To analyze the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin and piperacillin/sulbactam against pathogens isolated from patients with acute cholangitis. METHODS： In this prospective study a total of 65 patients with acute cholangitis due to biliary stone obstruction （n = 7）, benign biliary stricture （n = 16）, and malignant biliary stricture （n = 42） were investigated with regard to spectrum of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance. Pathogens were isolated from bile cultures in all study patients. In 22 febrile patients, blood cultures were also obtained. In vitro activity of moxifloxacin and piperacillin/ sulbactam was determined by agar diffusion. RESULTS： Thirty-one out of 65 patients had positive bile and/or blood cultures. In 31 patients, 63 isolates with 17 different species were identified. The predominant strains were Enterococcus species （26/63）, Ecoli （13/63） and Klebsiella species （8/63）. A comparable in vitro activity of moxifloxacin and piperacillin/sulbactam was observed for *** and Klebsiella species. In contrast, Enterococcus species had higher resistances towards moxifloxacin. Overall bacteria showed antibiotic resistances in vitro of 34.9% for piperacillin/sulbactam and 36.5% for ***： Enterococcus species, ***/i and Klebsiella species were the most common bacteria isolated from bile and/or blood from patients with acute cholangitis. Overall, a mixed infection with several species was observed, and bacteria showed a comparable in vitro activity for piperacillin/sulbactam and moxifloxacin.

关键词： Cholangitis Acute cholangitis Endoscopy Antibiotics Moxifloxacin Piperacillin Sulbactam Biliarystricture Resistance Bacterial pathogens

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