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Classification of discrete equations linearizable by point transformation on a square lattice

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2013年第5期8卷 1067-1076页

作者： christian SCIMITERNA Decio LEVI Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica Universita degli Studi Roma Tre and INFN Sezionedi Roma Tre Via della Vasca Navale 84 00146 Roma Italy

We provide a complete set of linearizability conditions for nonlinear partial difference equations defined on four points and, using them, we classify all linearizable multilinear partial difference equations defined ... 详细信息

关键词： Partial difference equation linearizable equation point transformation

Investigating Energy Prosumer Behaviour in Crowd Energy Using an Interactive Model/Diorama

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2018年第4期16卷 341-350页

作者： christian Ritzel Anton Sentic the international institute of management in technology University of Fribourg Fribourg 1700Switzerland

Smart living labs such as the one located in Fribourg(Switzerland) focus on improving wellbeing and furthering knowledge related to building the district of the future on a technical and social level. Therefore, smart living labs represent an experimental platform/space where sustainable production and consumption strategies can be tested in a protected environment. A significant change in the socioeconomic production and consumption sphere can be expected by the rise of the so-called energy prosumer. Accordingly, this article presents an interactive model for the experimental investigation of energy prosumer behavior. In this context, two potential experiments on investment and trade decisions are briefly outlined. Since(behavioral and economic) experiments are usually conducted under controlled conditions in experimental labs involving mainly undergraduate students, the presented interactive model is flexible and mobile, providing the advantage to conduct experiments nearly everywhere involving everyday citizens.

关键词： Crowd energy decentralised energy systems experiments prosumers smart grid

Single-mode and tunable VCSELs in the near-to mid-infrared Invited Paper

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Chinese Optics Letters 2008年第10期6卷 743-747页

作者： Markus-christian Amann Werner Hofmann Walter Schottky Institut Technische Universitt MnchenD-85748 GarchingGermany

Single-mode, long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers （VCSELs） in the near- to mid-infrared covering the wavelength range from 1.3 to 2.3 μm are presented. This wide spectral emission range opens applications in gas sensing and optical interconnects. All these lasers are monolithically grown in the InGaAlAs-InP material system utilizing a buried tunnel junction （BTJ） as current aperture. Fabricated with a novel high-speed design with reduced parasitics, bandwidths in excess of 10 GHz at 1.3 and 1.55 μm have been achieved. Therefore, the coarse wavelength division multiplexing （CWDM） wavelength range of 1.3 to 1.6 μm at 10 Gb/s can be accomplished with one technology. Error-free data-transmission at 10 Gb/s over a fiber link of 20 km is demonstrated. One-dimensional arrays have been fabricated with emission wavelengths addressable by current tuning. Micro-electro-mechanical system （MEMS） tunable devices provide an extended tuning range in excess of 50 nm with high spectral purity. All these devices feature continuous-wave （CW） operation with typical single-mode output powers exceeding 1 mW. The operation voltage is around 1 - 1.5 V and power consumption is as low as 10 - 20 mW. Furthermore, we have also developed VCSELs based on GaSb, targeting functionality of tunable diode laser spectroscopy （TDLS） applying a 1.84-μm VCSEL. at the wavelength range from 2.3 to 3.0 μm. The systems is shown by presenting a laser hygrometer

关键词： mode VCSEL Single-mode and tunable VCSELs in the near-to mid-infrared Invited Paper

Co-application of compost or inorganic NPK fertilizer with biochar influences soil quality,grain yield and net income of rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3600-3610页

作者： christian Adler PHARES Selorm AKABA Department of Soil Science School of AgricultureUniversity of Cape CoastGhana Department of Agriculture Economics and Extension School of AgricultureUniversity of Cape CoastGhana

Most agricultural soils in sub-Saharan Africa are degraded,compromising the grain yield of rice and farmers return on investment.A 3-year field study was undertaken to explore the effect of the application of compost or inorganic NPK fertilizer applied alone or in combination with biochar on soil quality,grain yield of rice and net *** five treatments were laid out using a randomized complete block design with four *** treatments were applied to supply approximately 75 kg N ha–*** best fertilizer input was compost+biochar which resulted in the greatest improvement in soil physico-chemical properties by reducing bulk density and increasing porosity and moisture retention,organic matter content,percent nitrogen,available phosphorus and cation exchange *** from treatment with inorganic fertilizer alone,treated soils showed a decrease in *** and fungal counts and basal respiration decreased in soils in the following order:compost+biochar>compost only>inorganic NPK fertilizer+biochar>inorganic NPK fertilizer>*** increase in pooled grain yield and net income in response to treatment followed the order:compost+biochar>NPK+biochar>NPK>compost>*** findings suggest that the use of compost or NPK alone might improve soil quality and increase grain yield and net income,but it is greatly recommended to co-apply these fertilisers with biochar.

关键词： biochar compost inorganic NPK fertilizer biochar-enriched compost biochar-enriched NPK fertilizer soil quality net income rice yield

Bistability theorem in a cancer model

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第1期11卷 61-98页

作者： Jens christian Larsen Vanlcse Alle 50 2. mr. tv2720 VanlCse Copenhagen Denmark

In this paper, I continue the study of the mathematical models presented in [J. C. Larsen, Models of cancer growth, J. Appl. Math. Comput. 53（1-2）（2015） 613-645] and [J. C. Larsen, The bistability theorem in a model of metastatic cancer, to appear in Appl. Math.]. I shall prove the bistability theorem for the ODE model from [Larsen, 2015]. It is a mass action kinetic system in the variables C cancer, GF growth factor and GI growth inhibitor. This theorem says that for some values of the parameters, there exist two positive singular points c＊＋ = （C＊＋, GF＊., GI＊＋）, c＊2- = （C＊-, GF＊, GI＊-） of the vector field. Here C＊- 〈 C＊＋ and e. is stable and c＊＋ is unstable, see Sec. 2. There is also a discrete model in [Larsen, 2015], it is a linear map （T） on three-dimensional Euclidean vector space with variables （C, GF, GI）, where these variables have the same meaning as in the ODE model above. In [Larsen, 2015], I showed that one can sometimes find attine vector fields on three-dimensional Euclidean vector space whose time one map is T. I shall also show this in the present paper in a more general setting than in [Larsen, 2015]. This enables me to find an expression for the rate of change of cancer growth on the coordinate hyperplane C = 0 in Euclidean vector space. I also present an ODE model of cancer metastasis with variables C, CM, CF,GI, where C is primary cancer and CM is metastatic cancer and GF, GI are growth factors and growth inhibitors, respectively.

关键词： Immunology cancer chemotherapy immune therapy discrete dynamicalsystem Gompertz function.

Vulnerability and Resilience Research:A Critical Perspective

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第1期5卷 86-87页

作者： Hannes Taubenbock christian Geiв German Remote Sensing Data Center German Aerospace CenterOberpfaffenhofen82234 WesslingGermany

‘‘Vulnerability’’and‘‘resilience’’are terms of such broad conceptual meaning as to be almost useless for careful scientific communication,except as rhetorical indicators of areas of greatest *** is a reflection of the complexity of their meaning,an uncoordinated search among different fields for a common understanding,and maybe the difficulty of systematizing these complicated issues among the various involved parties.

关键词： Resilience difficulty coordinated

Cystine oligomers successfully attached to peptide cysteine- rich fibrils

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 99-102页

作者： christian Bortolini Mingdong Dong Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University Aarhus C 8000 Denmark

Amyloid peptides are renowned to be related to neurodegenerative diseases, however, a fruitful avenue is to employ them as high-performance nanomaterials. These materials benefit from the intrinsic outstanding mechanical robustness of the amyloid backbone made of r-strands. In this work, we exploited amyloid-like fibrils as functional material to attach pristine L-cysteine aggregates （cystine oligomers） and gold nanoparticles, without the need of templating compounds. This work will open new avenues on functional materials design and their realisation.

关键词： cysteine peptide fibrils gold nanoparticles amyloids oligomers nanomaterials

Increasing the operating area of shunt active filters by advanced nonlinear control

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Control Theory and Technology 2015年第2期13卷 115-140页

作者： Andrea TILLI christian CONFICONI Center of Complex Automated Systems (CASY) at Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI)University of Bologna

This work is aimed to rigorously manage voltage saturation and maximum current constraints in Shunt Active Filters. In this respect, assuming 'unconstrained' control algorithms have already been defined to achieve standard objectives for such devices(i.e. current tracking for harmonic compensation and DC-bus voltage boundness), a plug-in unit, oriented to extend the system operating region and at the same time preserving good performance under large transients and overload conditions, is *** solution allows to improve availability, robustness and composability of Shunt Active Filters, which are expected to be key features in present and next generation complex and possibly 'smart' power grids. The proposed unit is composed by two ***, a suitable anti-windup strategy is defined in order to deal with control input saturation. Its main purpose is to preserve the original 'unconstrained error dynamics', in face of input saturation, while guaranteeing low computational burden and reduced performance impairment(the latter goal, in harmonic compensation context, leads to rather non-standard problem formulation).To this aim, the anti-windup acts on the current references through a suitably-designed additional dynamics. Then, in order to cope with current limitations, an additional strategy has been designed; again the current references is suitably shaped to comply with the features and bounds of the system, augmented with the above-mentioned anti-windup solution. The proposed scheme can be simply joined to any kind of unconstrained controller adopted to steer Shunt Active Filters. In this work, an Internal-Model-based current controller is adopted as a benchmark case. The proposed approach is validate through extensive simulation tests.

关键词： Shunt active filters power quality anti-windup units control of constrained systems

Collagen for brain repair:therapeutic perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 595-598页

作者： Buket Ucar christian Humpel Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research Medical University of Innsbruck

Biomaterials have increasingly become a focus of research on neuroprotection and ***,in terms of brain repair,presents many advantages such as being remarkably biocompatible,biodegradable,versatile and *** can be used to form injectable scaffolds and micro/nano spheres in order to：（i） locally release therapeutic factors with the aim of protecting degenerating neurons in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer＇s or Parkinson＇s diseases,（ii） encapsulate stem cells for safe delivery,（iii） encapsulate genetically modified cells to provide a long term source of trophic factors,（iv） fill in the voids from injury to serve as a structural support and provide a permissive microenvironment to promote axonal *** mini-review summarizes different applications of collagen biomaterial for central nervous system protection and repair,as well as the future ***,collagen is a promising natural biomaterial with various applications which has the potential to progress the development of therapeutic strategies in central nervous system injuries and degeneration.

关键词： biomaterial collagen scaffold microspheres neuroprotection neuroregeneration neurorepair Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease