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Limb symmetry index in competitive alpine ski racers:Reference values and injury risk identification according to age-related performance levels

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 405-415页

作者： Lisa Steidl-Müller Carolin Hildebrandt Erich Müiller christian fink christian Raschner Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention Institute of Psychology(ISA GJThe Health&Life Sciences University(UMIT)Innsbruck 6020Austria Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess differences of limb symmetry index(LSI) in strength-and coordination-related tasks between high-level, competitive, noninjured ski racers of different age-related performance levels and to prospectively assess limb differences as a possible risk factor for traumatic and overuse injury in youth ski ***: The study(Study 1) included 285 high-level competitive ski racers(125 females, 160 males) of 3 age-related performance levels and based on the school system: 95 youth(10à14 years, secondary modern school), 107 adolescent(15à19 years, grammar school), and 83 elite athletes(20à34 years). To investigate the second aim(Study 2), 67 of the 95 youth athletes were included and any traumatic or overuse injuries were prospectively recorded over 2 seasons. All athletes performed 4 unilateral tests(strength related: one-leg counter movement jump(OL-CMJ) and one-leg isometric/isokinetic press strength test(OL-ILS); coordination related: one-leg stability test(OL-ST) and one-leg speedy jump test(OL-SJ)). The LSI was calculated by dividing the dominant leg by the nondominant leg and multiplying by 100. Kruskal-Wallis H tests and binary logistic regression analyses were ***: There were significant differences between the LSI of the 3 age-related performance-level groups only in the strength-related tests: the OL-CMJ(x2(2, 285) = 9.09; p = 0.01) and the OL-ILS(x2(2, 285) = 14.79; p < 0.01). The LSI for OL-ILS was found to be a significant risk factor for traumatic injury in youth ski racers(Wald = 7.08; p < 0.01). No significant risk factors were found for overuse ***: Younger athletes display slightly greater LSI values only in the strength-related tests. The cut-off value of limb differences of <10%for return to sport decisions seems to be appropriate for elite athletes, but for youth and adolescent athletes it has to be critically discussed. It seems to be necessary to define thresholds based o

关键词：年龄相关风险因素滑雪损害竞争大规模集成电路性能索引

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Training load characteristics and injury and illness risk identification in elite youth ski racing:A prospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 230-236页

作者： Carolin Hildebrandt Renate Oberhoffer christian Raschner Erich Muller christian fink Lisa Steidl-Muller Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport and Health Science Preventative PediatricsTechnical University of MunichMunich 80992Germany Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria GelenkpunktSports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria

Purpose:The study aimed to investigate the role of training load characteristics and injury and illness risk in youth ski ***:The training load characteristics as well as traumatic injuries,overuse injuries,and illnesses of 91 elite youth ski racers(age=12.1±1.3 years,mean±SD)were prospectively recorded over a period of 1 season by using a sport-specific online *** linear regression analyses were performed to monitor the influence of training load on injuries and *** in mean training load characteristics between preseason,in-season,and post-season were calculated using multivariate analyses of ***:Differences were discovered in the number of weekly training sessions(p=0.005)between pre-season(4.97±1.57)and post-season(3.24±0.71),in the mean training volume(p=0.022)between in-season(865.8±197.8 min)and post-season(497.0±225.5 min)and in the mean weekly training intensity(Index)(p=0.012)between in-season(11.7±1.8)and post-season(8.9±1.7).A total of 185 medical problems were reported(41 traumatic injuries,12 overuse injuries,and 132 illnesses).The weekly training volume and training intensity was not a significant risk factor for injuries(p>0.05).Training intensity was found to be a significant risk factor for illnesses in the same week(β=0.348;p=0.044;R^(2)=0.121)and training volume represents a risk factor for illnesses in the following week(β=0.397;p=0.027;R^(2)=0.157).Conclusion:A higher training intensity and volume were associated with increased illnesses,but not with a higher risk of *** training and ensuring appropriate progression of training load between weeks may decrease incidents of illness in-season.

关键词： Health problems Injury and illness prevention Training load Youth ski racing

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Differential effects on apoptosis induction in hepatocyte lines by stable expression of hepatitis B virus X protein

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第29期12卷 4673-4682页

作者： Nicola Fiedler Ellen Quant Ludger fink Jianguang Sun Ralph Schuster Wolfram H Gerlich Stephan Schaefer Institut for Medizinische Virologie Justus-LiebigUniversitat Frankfurter Str. 107 D-35392 GieBen Germany Abteilung fǖr Innere Medizin Christian AlbrechtUniversitat Kiel Germany Zentrum fǖr Innere Medizin Justus-LiebigUniversitat GieBen Germany Abteilung Virologie Universitat Rostock Schillingallee 70 18055 Rostock Germany Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

瞄准：肝炎 B 蛋白质 X (HBx ) 被显示了是弱 oncogenic 在试管内。HBx 的转变活动与肿瘤的功能压制的几的抑制或 p53 被连接了。我们学习了 HBx 是否可以在取决于房间类型的 p53 上有不同效果。方法：我们使用了人的肝细胞瘤房间线 Hep... 详细信息

瞄准：肝炎 B 蛋白质 X (HBx ) 被显示了是弱 oncogenic 在试管内。HBx 的转变活动与肿瘤的功能压制的几的抑制或 p53 被连接了。我们学习了 HBx 是否可以在取决于房间类型的 p53 上有不同效果。方法：我们使用了人的肝细胞瘤房间线 HepG2 和使不朽的鼠科的 hepatocyte 线 AML12 并且稳定地分析了表示了 HBx 的生理的数量的 transfected 克隆。P53 被紫外照耀导致。结果：由紫外照耀的 p53 正式就职由 HBx 的稳定的表示是未受影响的。然而，变得被 p53 激活的 cyclin 激酶禁止者 p21 (waf/cip/sdi ) 的表示在 HBx 被影响转变房间线 AML12-HBx9，然而并非在 HepG2。在 AML-HBx9，房间， p21 (waf/cip/sdi ) 蛋白质表示和 p21 (waf/cip/sdi ) 抄写是 deregulated。而且， apoptosis 的过程在调查的二根房间线以相反的方法被影响。当 HBx 的稳定的表示提高了紫外照耀在 HepG2 房间导致的 apoptosis 时， apoptosis 在 HBx 被减少转变 AML12-HBx9。P53 镇压了从 HBV enhancer 的抄写我，当由紫外照耀从表示向量或在内长的 p53 的正式就职以后表示了时。由内长的 p53 的压抑由在两根房间线的稳定地表示的 HBx 部分是可逆的。结论：HBx 的稳定的表示导致取决于使用的房间线的紫外照耀导致的 apoptosis 的解除管制。而在癌的表示导出 hepatocyte 线 HBx，在一根使不朽的 hepatocyte 线， HBx 扮演了 anti-apoptotic 提高的 apoptosis。

关键词：细胞凋亡乙型病毒肝炎治疗病理机制

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