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Prevalence of and risk factors for malaria,filariasis,and intestinal parasites as single infections or co-infections in different settlements of Gabon,Central Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 60-76页

作者： Noe Patrick M’bondoukwe Eric Kendjo Denise Patricia Mawili-Mboumba Jeanne Vanessa Koumba Lengongo christelle Offouga Mbouoronde Dieudonne Nkoghe Fousseyni Toure Marielle Karine Bouyou-AkotetAuthor details Department of Parasitology-Mycology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesP.O.Box 4009LibrevilleGabon International Center for Medical Research of Franceville FrancevilleGabon.

Background:Malaria,filariasis,and intestinal parasitic infections(IPIs)are common and frequently overlap in developing *** prevalence and predictors of these infections were investigated in three different settlements(rural,semi-urban,and urban)of ***:During cross-sectional surveys performed from September 2013 to June 2014,451 individuals were *** addition,blood and stool samples were analysed for the presence of Plasmodium,filarial roundworm,intestinal protozoan,and helminth ***:Intestinal parasitic infections(61.1%),including intestinal protozoa(56.7%)and soil-transmitted helminths(STHs)(22.2%),predominated,whereas Plasmodium falciparum(18.8%),Loa loa(4.7%),and Mansonella perstans(1.1%)were less *** and STHs were mainly found in rural settlements,whereas a higher plasmodial infection prevalence rate was observed in the periurban *** most common IPI was blastocystosis(48.6%),followed by ascaridiasis(13.7%),trichuriasis(11.8%),amoebiasis(9.3%),giardiasis(4.8%),and strongyloidiasis(3.7%).Hookworm was detected in one adult from rural *** had a higher prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and STHs,whereas Giardia duodenalis was more frequently observed among children aged below 5 years(P<0.01).The polyparasitism rate was 41.5%,with 7.0%Plasmodium-IPIs and 1.8%Plasmodium-STH *** multivariate analysis showed that living in a suburban area,belonging to the age group of 5-15 years,having none or a secondary education,or having an open body water close to home were significant risk factors for malaria(P≤0.01).For STH infections,identified risk factors were drinking untreated water and living in a rural area(P≤0.04).No significant predictors were identified for IPIs and malaria-IPI ***:This study reports a high prevalence of IPIs and intestinal protozoa,but a low rate of malaria-IPI co-infections in the study *** in the living conditions of the popula

关键词： Malaria Filariasis Intestinal parasitic infections Soil-transmitted helminths Co-infection Risk factors Gabon

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第2期4卷 89-114页

作者： christelle Senterre Alain Levêque Danielle Piette Michèle Dramaix Research Centre of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Research School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Research Centre of Social Approaches to Health School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium

Aims: Establish profiles of young “at risk” of injuries, first, on an overall point of view and, secondly, for some types of injuries (sport, home, road traffic, school and work injuries). Methods: We have taken nearly 50 variables into consideration: 17 variables for construction of the socioeconomic status, 9 variables for the investigation of symptoms, 11 concerning drugs, 5 for healthy habits, 3 for investigating the violence behavior, 4 concerning the school, 3 for subjective health and finally 3 for social network. We have used the principal component analysis, the multiple correspondence analysis and the weighted-frequency score for reducing the number of them. After these reductions, 15 variables were available for analyses. The relationship between injuries and investigated factors was assessed using the Pearson’s chi-square test. We also calculated odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to estimate the strengths of the associations. To further assess these relationships but also for taking into account the potentials confounding effects of some variables, logistic regression model and multinomial logistic regression model were applied. Results: The whole injury prevalence was equal to 45.6% and among the injured, the proportion of the several types was equal to 33.8% for sport injuries, 32.2% for home injuries, 16.6% for traffic injuries, 11.6% for school injuries and 5.7% for work injuries. We can say that, in light of the variables studied, the “at risk” profile for having reported an injury is being a boy, being younger, having drug experiences, with the violent profile, and declaring several symptoms. There are no consistent and marked deviations in this study from the findings obtained in previous studies. Conclusion: Analyzing injuries in general is interesting but for preventing them it is important to know in which activities children and students are engaged when they are injured.

关键词： Injuries Health Behavior Youth Epidemiology Cameroon

A Simple Predictive Performance Model of Solar Cell under Very Hot and Humide Climate

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2019年第5期7卷 26-47页

作者： Mougang Yolande christelle Ketchanji Essiane Salomé Ndjakomo Imano Adolphe Moukengue Laboratory Technology and Applied Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

In the scope of solar energy-based electrical needs in rural tropical regions, the present article develops and confronts experimental power models from the using of manufacturer data and a new model made with the meteorological and electrical data acquired. These data are registered through an acquisition station around a monocrystalline photovoltaic panel, designed and realized in the scope of this work. After the acquisition of meteorological data, a choice of the most relevant meteorological variable as input vectors to express the output powers obtained was carried out. Around the Single-Diode model, seven models are performed with analytics equations, iterative methods and an optimization method with a multi-objective function to get internal parameters. The proposed experimental model is made by a combination of the solution got at STC of an iterative method, with the value of nameplate and the use of an open circuit voltage equation with experimental coefficient to predict power output in operating conditions, and it’s demonstrated more efficient. The optimization of a multi-objective function using Nonlinear Squares (NLS) through the Leveng-Marqued method to solve the parameter estimation of a PV panel has been well done and the results are useful, like classic iterative method and less time-consuming.

关键词： Experimental Modelling Maximal Power Output (MPO) Photovoltaic (PV) 1M5P

Ionic Liquid Efficiency on Wood Dissolution and Polysaccharide Identification

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2022年第6期12卷 254-273页

作者： Idelette Plazanet christelle Gady Sabine Lhernould Rachida Zerrouki Daniel Montplaisir Guy Costa Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université de Limoges LABCiS (UR 22722) Limoges Cedex France Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières 3351 boulevard des Forges Québec Canada

The wood polysaccharide composition, a new analytical method, based on ionic liquid dissolution of low amount of biomass coupled with an ELISA essay of polysaccharides. In the present work, we synthesized and tested several imidazolium and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) based ILs for their ability to solubilize Douglas-fir wood while preserving the wall polymer integrity. The couple times-temperatures have been essayed for wood dissolution. Then their efficiency for wood biomass dissolution was compared to the impact of IL on storing and/or destroy polysaccharides. Thanks to the ELISA technique with a set of mAbs against epitopes of the main hemicellulose, pectin, and protein families of cell wall components. Wood destructuration at 80˚C with the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide represents a good compromise of wood dissolution efficiency and low polysaccharide destruction.

关键词： Plant Cell Wall Antibody Immunolabeling Imidazolium Based IL DBU Based IL

Reverse Osmosis Performance in MBR-RO Process with Recirculation of RO Concentrate to MBR for Water Reclamation

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第9期12卷 800-824页

作者： Hui Deng Matthieu Jacob Manon Montaner Jean-Stéphane Pic christelle Guigui TBI Université de Toulouse CNRS INRA INSA Toulouse France

An integrated membrane system, membrane bioreactor-reverse osmosis (MBR-RO), has become highly efficient in producing high-quality water for municipal wastewater reclamation. However, disposal of a highly concentrated waste stream (RO concentrate or RO retentate) generated in this combination is an important issue. This work investigated RO behaviour in an integrated pilot scale MBR-RO system for municipal wastewater reuse with the continuous recycling of RO retentate to the MBR influent. RO membrane retention and the fouling propensity were studied. RO concentrate, produced by the RO process at a fixed concentration factor (CF) of 3, was recycled continuously to the MBR, leading to water recovery of the entire process around 92%. Osmotic pressure model, saturation index method, high performance liquid chromatography equipped with size exclusion column (HPLC-SEC) and specific filtration test were used to analyse the fouling potential of the RO membrane. The results obtained showed that even though RO concentrate recycling changed remarkably, the compositions of both MBR permeate and RO concentrate, the quality of RO permeate remained almost constant in terms of organic matters, conductivity, and ionic salts. However, these high concentrations of organic or inorganic substances in RO concentrate were major factors leading to the RO membrane fouling. Before RO concentrate recycling, a decline of approximately 30% of the initial RO permeate flux was observed in the period when the CF was increasing to 3, mainly due to the osmotic pressure effect of retained ions and the deposits of organic matters at the RO membrane surface. After RO concentrate addition to the MBR, due to the continuous accumulation of ionic salts on the RO membrane surface, a gradual reduction in RO permeate flux (additional 19%) was also mainly attributed to the osmotic pressure effect of the retained ions. These observations showed that the continuous addition of RO concentrate to the MBR was succe

关键词： High-Quality Water Reuse MBR-RO Combination RO Concentrate Recirculation RO Fouling

Boosted Photoactivity of Titania Nanotube Layers Doped with a Suspension of Gold Nanoparticles

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2017年第3期6卷 114-127页

作者： Christophe Massard Sébastien Pairis Yves Sibaud christelle Blavignac Oscar Komla Awitor Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC+ F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand France Université Grenoble Alpes Institut NEEL CNRS BP 166 F-38042 Grenoble France Université Clermont Auvergne CICS F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand France

In the present work, we report on the behavior of synthesized gold nano-particles suspension, incorporated in titanium dioxide nanotube layers (TiO2- NT) and fabricated by electrochemical anodization in 0.4 wt% hydrofluoric acid solution and we study its photocatalytic response. Gold nanoparticles were characterized using Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of TiO2 nanotube layers doped by gold nanoparticles. Boosted photocatalytic performances on the degradation of an azo dye were obtained by using TiO2 nanotube layers doped by gold nanoparticles (Au/TiO2-NT), compared to undoped TiO2 nanotube layer (TiO2-NT) catalysts. Under UV irradiation, this new nanomaterial, with noble metal-semi conductor heterojunction (Au/ TiO2-NT) exhibits a synergetic effect in accelerating the electron transfert, resulting in an enhanced photoactivity recorded in the kinetics of degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7). Chronoamperometry was used to highlight higher photocurrent produced by gold-titania interface submited to UV irradiation.

关键词： Gold Nanoparticle TiO2-NT Photocurrent Photodegradation

Ocular Findings in HIV-Positive Children in Two Hospital Facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2020年第2期10卷 180-189页

作者： christelle Domngang Nelly Kamgaing Chantal Nanfack Ngoune Josephine Ngapou Chapeh Giles Kagmeni Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Universite de Yaounde 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Hopital Gynéco-Obstétrique et Pédiatrique de Yaounde Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: HIV infection in children as well as adults remain a disease with potential multisystemic disorders despite the increased use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). The aim of this work was to determine the profile of eye diseases among HIV-positive children aged 5 to 15 years in the Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya Foundation and the University Hospital Centre (UHC) in Yaoundé. Materials and Methods: an analytical study was conducted from June 1, to July 31, 2019. Our sample consisted of all children aged 5 - 18 years who were HIV positive and whose parent or legal guardian gave his or her consent. A complete clinical examination was performed. The following variables were collected: socio-demographic data, Immunological data. A comprehensive eye exam was also performed. Data were analysed by the Epi info 3.5.4 software. Results: A total of 53 children were retained for the study. The population consisted of 28 boys (52.3%), for a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age was 12.7 ± 4.2 years [5 - 18 years]. And 84.9% of children had normal immune status. The average duration of HAART was 8.3 ± 3.9 years [0 to 16 years] with more than half (50.9%) of the children on treatment for more than 8 years. The main eye complaints were pruritus (11.32%), eye pain (11.32%) and tingling (9.43%). The frequency of ophthalmological manifestations was 52.8% with adnexal involvement the most frequent (34%), followed by anterior (7.5%) and posterior segment involvement (1.9%). Anterior segment involvement was marked by granulomatous anterior uveitis, keratouveitis and corneal ulcer. A cytomegalovirus retinitis and a macular scar of a unilateral retinitis were found in 2 patients. In a multivariate analysis, elevated CD4 count (>500) was associated with ocular manifestations. Conclusion: In the HAART era, an ocular examination is mandatory to prevent harmful eye diseases among children because ophthalmological diseases remain frequent. Although they are most o

关键词： HAART Uveitis children Retinitis eye HIV CD4

Influence of a Liquid Nutritional Supplement on Water Intake in Experimental Beagle Dogs

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2016年第4期6卷 69-74页

作者： christelle Rotat Estelle Lhoest Anaelle Rauw Marjorie Dequenne Wim Van Kerkhoven Marianne Diez Nutrition Unit Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Liège Liège Belgium Viyo International NV Ijzerenpoortkaai Antwerpen Belgium

The objectives were to evaluate the effects of a liquid nutritional supplement formulated for dogs on water intakes and urine output. A liquid nutritional supplement was tested by way of a cross-over design in 8 experimental healthy Beagle dogs (4 males and 4 females, aged 9.3 years). The supplement (87 percent water, 2.7 percent protein, 2.6 percent fat, 0.4 percent crude fiber) was added to water and tested at 2 incorporation rates (50 or 70 ml/day/dog—D50 or D70) versus the control placebo (CO-water only). The dogs were kept in a controlled environment;water intakes and urine output were measured. Individual water intakes were characterised by large variations. Mean water intake increased significantly by 28 percent in dogs receiving the liquid nutritional supplement, in both genders, irrespectively of the dosage. Urine output was also increased, by 55 percent. Faeces scores remained unchanged. It was concluded that the liquid supplement increased water intake and urine output in a safe way, without increasing dramatically the daily dietary sodium chloride intake. The recommended dosage of the manufacturer—50 ml/day for dogs weighing 10 - 20 kg BW is efficient. Increasing the dosage had no advantage, nor adverse effects. Increased water intake and urine output is of interest for dogs suffering from urolithiasis.

关键词： Dog Water Intake Liquid Supplement Urine Output

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马达加斯加学生汉字学习策略研究

马达加斯加学生汉字学习策略研究

作者：路瑶（VELO christelle Elodie）江西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

汉字是记录汉语的书写符号系统。因此,学习汉语就必须学习汉字,中国学习者如此,外国学习者也如此。然而由于汉字自身的复杂特点,对外国学习者特别是对非汉字文化圈的的学习者来说,汉字的“三难”(难认、难记、难写)问题早已是一个不争... 详细信息

汉字是记录汉语的书写符号系统。因此,学习汉语就必须学习汉字,中国学习者如此,外国学习者也如此。然而由于汉字自身的复杂特点,对外国学习者特别是对非汉字文化圈的的学习者来说,汉字的“三难”(难认、难记、难写)问题早已是一个不争的事实。而影响汉字学习的因素很多,比如性别、学习时间、学习背景、学习动机、学习策略等等。其中,学习策略是一个很重要的影响因素。有效的学习策略可以使留学生的汉字学习有事半功倍的效果。本文选取江西师范大学马达加斯加学生作为研究对象,采用问卷调查法对江西师范大学的马达加斯加学生进行关于汉子学习策略的调查,首先对问卷的调查结果进行了分析,充分了解了马达加斯加学生汉字学习策略的实施情况,然后对马达加斯加学生使用学习策略的影响因素进行了分析,最后得出相关结论,并提出了培养马达加斯加学生汉字的学习建议和教学启示,希望该课题能为马达加斯加学生汉字学习提供一些学习策略方面的参考依据。

关键词：马达加斯加汉字学习策略