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Mink infection with influenza A viruses:an ignored intermediate host?

One Health Advances 2023年第1期1卷 323-331页

作者： chris ka pun mok Kun Qin The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongSARHong KongChina Li ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongSARHong KongChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)100 Yingxin StreetWestern District100052 BeijingChina

Continuously emergence of human infection with avian influenza A virus poses persistent threat to public health,as illustrated in zoonotic H5N1/6 and H7N9 *** recent surge of infection to farmed mink by multiple subtypes of avian influenza A viruses in China highlights the role of mink in the ecology of influenza in this *** studies suggested that farmed mink in China are frequently infected with prevailing human(H3N2 and H1N1/pdm)and avian(H7N9,H5N6,and H9N2)influenza A ***,genetic analysis from the sequences of influenza viruses from mink showed that several strains acquired mammalian adaptive mutations compared to their avian *** transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mink to human alerts us that mink may serve as an intermediate host or reservoir of some emerging *** the high susceptibility to different influenza A viruses,it is possible that mink in endemic regions may play a role as an“mixing vessel”for generating novel pandemic ***,enhanced surveillance of influenza viruses in mink should be urgently implemented for early warning of potential pandemic.

关键词： Mink Influenza Pandemic

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The D253N Mutation in the Polymerase Basic 2 Gene in Avian Influenza(H9N2) Virus Contributes to the Pathogenesis of the Virus in Mammalian Hosts

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第6期33卷 531-537页

作者： Jinfeng Zhang Rong Su Xiaoyun Jian Hongliang An Ronbing Jiang chris ka pun mok Laboratory Medicine Center Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Department of Respiratory Medicine Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University HKU-Pasteur Research Pole School of Public Health HKU Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong

Mutations in the polymerase basic 2(PB2) gene of avian influenza viruses are important signatures for their adaptation to mammalian hosts. Various adaptive mutations have been identified around the 627 and nuclear localization sequence(NLS) domains of PB2 protein, and these mutations contribute to the replicative ability of avian influenza ***, few studies have focused on adaptive mutations in other regions of PB2. In this study, we investigated the functional roles of the D253N mutation in PB2 in an H9N2 virus. This mutation was found to affect an amino acid residue in the middle domain of the PB2 protein. The virus with the D253N mutation showed higher polymerase activity and transiently increased viral replication in human cells. However, the mutant did not show significant differences in viral replication in the respiratory tract of mice upon infection. Our results supported that the D253N mutation in the middle domain of PB2, similar to mutations at the 627 and NLS domains, specifically contributed to the replication of avian influenza viruses in human cells.

关键词： Avian influenza virus Mammalian adaptation D253N Polymerase basic 2(PB2) H9N2

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Baseline gut microbiota and metabolome predict durable immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第10期8卷 5085-5095页

作者： Ye Peng Lin Zhang chris K.P.mok Jessica Y.L.Ching Shilin Zhao Matthew K.L.Wong Jie Zhu Chunke Chen Shilan Wang Shuai Yan Biyan Qin Yingzhi Liu Xi Zhang Chun pun Cheung Pui Kuan Cheong ka Long Ip Adrian C.H.Fung Kenneth K.Y.Wong David S.C.Hui Francis K.L.Chan Siew C.Ng Hein M.Tun Microbiota I-Center(MaglC) Hong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Li ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Centre for Gut Microbiota Research The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The role of gut microbiota in modulating the durability of cOVID-19 vaccine immunity is yet to be *** this cohort study,we collected blood and stool samples of 121 BNT162b2 and 40 CoronaVac vaccinees at baseline,1 month,and 6 months post vaccination(p.v).Neutralisation antibody,plasma cytokine and chemokines were measured and associated with the gut microbiota and metabolome composition.

关键词： vaccine immunity vaccines

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Sheng Jiang San, traditional multi-herb formulation, exerts anti-influenza effects in vitro and in vivo via neuraminidaseinhibition and immune regulation

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2019年第9期33卷 738-739页

作者： ZHANG Tian-bo XIAO Meng-jie Chun-Kwok WONG ka-pun chris mok ZHAO Xin TI Hui-hui Pang-Chui SHAW State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target&Clinical PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina The School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

OBJECTIVE Sheng Jiang San(SJS),a multi-herb formulation,is used in treating high fever,thirsty and anxiety in ancient China and it is sometimes used to treat seasonal influenza in ***,there is no evidencebased investigation and mechanism research to support SJS′s anti-influenza *** study aims to investigate the anti-influenza effect of SJS and its possible *** In this study,we examined the inhibitory effect of SJS against different influenza viruses on Madin-Darby canine kidney *** virus infected BALB/c mice were employed as in vivo model to evaluate the *** challenged with A/PR/8/34(H1N1)were orally administrated SJS 1 g·kg^-1 daily for seven days and monitored for 14 *** survival rate,body mass changes,lung index,lung viral load,histopathologic changes and immune-regulation of the mice were *** underlying anti-influenza virus mechanisms were studied by a series of biological assays in vitro to determine if hemagglutinin,ribonucleoprotein complex or nerauminidase were targets of *** SJS exerted a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on multiple influenza strains in a dose-dependent *** IC50 of SJS against A/WSN/33(H1N1)was lower than 35 mg·L^-*** also protected 50%of mice from influenza virus PR8 *** lung index and the lung viral load of SJS treated mice were signifi⁃cantly decrease compared with untreated *** 2 g·L^-1 inhibited 80%of neuraminidase enzymatic *** also up-regulated TNF-αand IFN-αand down-regulated IL-2 of influenza virus induced *** SJS is a useful formulation for treating influenza virus infection.

关键词： Sheng Jiang San anti-influenza activity neuraminidase inhibition immuno-regulation

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