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Marine ciliate community in relation to eutrophication of coastal waters in the Yellow Sea

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第1期29卷 118-127页

作者：徐奎栋 choi joong ki 类彦立 YANG Eun Jin Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Oceanography Inha University Korea Polar Research Institute

We assessed the potential of marine ciliate community as an indicator to coastal water quality using water samples collected from four stations in thc Yellow Sea in the summer 2000. The four stations were characterized by different levels of pollution. The ciliate communities consisted primarily of tintinnids and aloricate ciliates that were 〈30 um. A total of 78 species were classified： 55 species at Station 2, 51 species each at Stations l and 4, and 47 species at Station 3. The mean number of species at each site was 29.2±2.0 （Station 1）, 28.5±2.9 （Station 2）, 27.8±1.7 （Station 3）, and 24.5±2.3 （Station 4）. The abundance was highly variable： 19 331±11 187 ind./L at Station 1, 7 960±5 639 ind./L at Station 2, 29 015±12 999 ind./L at Station 3, and 8 190±4 658 ind./L at Station 4. Our results suggest that neither the simple chemical analysis （e.g. chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and phosphate） nor the eutrophication/pollution index adequately described the water quality at the four stations. The same was true of the number of species and their abundance, both of which had no correlation with the chemical indices. In contrast, Margalef＇s diversity index values （3.12 at Station 2, 2.89 at Station 1, and 2.64 at Stations 3 and 4） generally discriminated the water quality status of the four stations. The difference in water quality among the stations was strongly supported by the pattern of species richness （i.e. the total number of species） of ciliates at each station. Our evaluation was consistent with the results of long-term water quality monitoring at the four stations. With increasing eutrophication, we observed also a compositional and functional shift in the ciliate assemblages from algivorous oligotrich/choreotrich to nonselective-omnivorous gymnostomatids to bacterivorous-detrivorous scuticociliatids. Thus, eiliates may be used to indicate the coastal water quality status of a given site.

关键词： biomonitoring chemical evaluation ciliates community structure eutrophication marine pollution

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Temporal population dynamics of dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum in a semi-enclosed mariculture pond and its relationship to environmental factors and protozoan grazers

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第1期28卷 75-81页

作者：许恒龙 MIN Gi-Sik choi joong-ki 朱明壮姜勇 AL-RASHEID Khaled A.S. Laboratory of Protozoology KLMOcean University of China Department of Biological Sciences Inha University Department of Oceanography Inha University Zoology Department King Saud University

The ecological processes and interrelationships between protists,either autotrophic or heterotrophic,and environmental factors in mariculture ponds are largely *** study investigated the temporal dynamics of potentially harmful dinoflagellate,Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) Schiller,and its relationship to physico-chemical factors and protozoan grazers over a complete cycle in a semi-enclosed shrimp-farming pond near Qingdao,Northern *** occurred frequently in low numbers from June to August,followed by a sharp increase from the middle of August,reaching a single maximum peak value of 2.2×105 cells L-1 in *** variation in abundance was positively correlated with dissolved nitrogen,but showed a significant inverse relationship to abundance of the dominant ciliates,Tintinnopsis lohmanni and Askenasia *** results provide statistical evidence that the number of *** increased with increasing nitrogen,and the suppression or shortening of algal bloom may be associated with protozoan grazers,such as Tintinnopsis lohmanni,in mariculture ponds.

关键词： dinoflagellate harmful algae Prorocentrum minimum shrimp-farming

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Temporal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in a semi-enclosed mariculture pond and their responses to environmental factors

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第2期28卷 295-303页

作者：许恒龙 MIN Gi-Sik choi joong-ki AL-RASHEID Khaled A. S. 林晓凤朱明壮 Laboratory of Protozoology KLM Ocean University of China Department of Biological Sciences Inha University Department of Oceanography Inha University Zoology Department King Saud University Laboratory of Protozoology Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education South China Normal University

Variations in physical-chemical factors, species composition, abundance and biomass of nano-and micro-phytoplankton assemblages, as well as their responses to environmental factors, were investigated over a complete cycle (6 months) in a semi-enclosed shrimp-farming pond near Qingdao, northern China. The aim was to establish the temporal patterns of phytoplankton communities and to evaluate protists as suitable bioindicators to water quality in mariculture systems. A total of 34 taxa with nine dominant species were identified, belonging to six taxonomic groups (dinoflagellates, diatoms, cryptophyceans, chlorophyceans, euglenophyceans and chrysophyceans). A single peak of protist abundance occurred in October, mainly due to chlorophyceans, diatoms and chrysophyceans. Two biomass peaks in July and October were primarily due to dinoflagellates and diatoms. Temporal patterns of the phytoplankton communities significantly correlated with the changes in nutrients, temperature and pH, especially phosphate, either alone or in combination with NO3-N and NH3-N. Species diversity, evenness and richness indices were clearly correlated with water temperature and/or salinity, whereas the biomass/abundance ratio showed a significant correlation with NO3-N. The results suggest that phytoplankton are potentially useful bioindicators to water quality in semi-enclosed mariculture systems.

关键词： bioindicator phytoplankton environmental stress microbial ecology shrimp-fanning temporal variations

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Ionizing terahertz waves with 260 MV/cm from scalable optical rectification

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1075-1087页

作者： Hyeongmun kim Chul Kang Dogeun Jang Yulan Roh Sang Hwa Lee joong Wook Lee Jae Hee Sung Seong Ku Lee ki-Yong kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute GISTGwangju61005Korea Department of Physics and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory POSTECHPohang37673Korea Center for Relativistic Laser Science Institute for Basic ScienceGwangju61005Korea Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland20742USA

Terahertz(THz)waves,known as non-ionizing radiation owing to their low photon energies,can actually ionize atoms and molecules when a sufficiently large number of THz photons are concentrated in time and ***,we demonstrate the generation of ionizing,multicycle,15-THz waves emitted from large-area lithium niobate crystals via phase-matched optical rectification of 150-terawatt laser pulses.A complete characterization of the generated THz waves in energy,pulse duration,and focal spot size shows that the field strength can reach up to 260 megavolts per *** particular,a single-shot THz interferometer is employed to measure the THz pulse duration and spectrum with complementary numerical *** intense THz pulses are irradiated onto various solid targets to demonstrate THz-induced tunneling ionization and plasma *** study also discusses the potential of nonperturbative THz-driven ionization in gases,which will open up new opportunities,including nonlinear and relativistic THz physics in plasma.

关键词： optical interferometer matched

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Stable immobilization of lithium polysulfides using three-dimensional ordered mesoporous Mn_(2)O_(3) as the host material in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 99-112页

作者： Sung Joon Park Yun Jeong choi Hyun-seung kim Min Joo Hong Hongjun Chang Janghyuk Moon Young-Jun kim Junyoung Mun ki Jae kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Future Energy Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have drawn significant attention owing to their high theoretical discharge capacity and energy ***,the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides into the electrolyte during the charge and discharge process(“shuttle effect”)results in fast capacity fading and inferior electrochemical *** this study,Mn_(2)O_(3)with an ordered mesoporous structure(OM-Mn_(2)O_(3))was designed as a cathode host for LSBs via kiT-6 hard templating,to effectively inhibit the polysulfide shuttle ***-Mn_(2)O_(3)offers numerous pores to confine sulfur and tightly anchor the dissolved polysulfides through the combined effects of strong polar-polar interactions,polysulfides,and sulfur chain *** OM-Mn_(2)O_(3)/S composite electrode delivered a discharge capacity of 561 mAh g^(-1) after 250 cycles at 0.5 C owing to the excellent performance of OM-Mn_(2)O_(3).Furthermore,it retained a discharge capacity of 628mA h g^(-1) even at a rate of 2 C,which was significantly higher than that of a pristine sulfur electrode(206mA h g^(-1)).These findings provide a prospective strategy for designing cathode materials for high-performance LSBs.

关键词： host material lithium-sulfur battery ordered mesoporous structure shuttle effect transition-metal oxides

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Optimal sequential therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors as the first-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A nationwide multicenter study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 450-459页

作者： Jung ki Jo Seong Il Seo MinYong Kang Jinsoo Chung Cheol Kwak Sung-Hoo Hong Cheryn Song Jae Young Park Chang Wook Jeong Seok Hwan choi Sung Han kim Eu Chang Hwang Chan Ho Lee Hakmin Lee Department of Urology Medical and Digital EngineeringCollege of MedicineHanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology National Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Kangnam St Mary’s HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Asan Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Korea University Ansan HospitalAnsanRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Kyungpook National University HospitalDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasunRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusanRepublic of Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea

Objective:The purpose of the study was to identify the best sequence of therapy beginning with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor(Tki)as the first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)in terms of overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),and rates of discontinuation and adverse effects during the treatment ***:This is a retrospective,nationwide multicenter study of patients with mRCC after diagnosis at 10 different tertiary medical centers in Korea from January 1992 to December *** focused on patients at either“favorable”or“intermediate”risk according to the International mRCC Database Consortium criteria,and they were followed up(median 335 days).Finally,a total of 1409 patients were selected as the study *** generated a Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for covariates,and the different therapy schemes were statistically tested in terms of OS as well as *** addition,frequencies of discontinuation and adverse events were compared among the therapy ***:Of the primary patterns of treatment sequences(24 sequences),“sunitinib epazopanib”and“sunitinibeeverolimuseimmunotherapy”showed the most beneficial results in both OS and PFS with significantly lower hazards than“sunitinib”,which is the most commonly treated agent in *** that the“TkieTki”structure showed relatively higher discontinuation rates with higher adverse effects,the overall beneficial sequence would be“sunitinibeeverolimuseimmunotherapy”.Conclusion:Among several sequential therapy starting with Tkis,“sunitinibeeverolimuse immunotherapy”was found to be the best scheme for mRCC patients with“favorable”or“intermediate”risks.

关键词： Tyrosinekinase inhibitor Metastaticrenalcell carcinoma Overall survival Progression-free survival

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Effect of drawing speed on microstructure distribution and drawability in twinning-induced plasticity steel during wire drawing

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第5期27卷 577-587页

作者： joong-ki Hwang School of Mechanical Engineering Tongmyong UniversityBusan 48520Republic of Korea

The effect of drawing speed on temperature rise and microstructure distribution in twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)steel during wire drawing has been investigated to improve drawability for wire rod *** wire drawing process is performed at room temperature,heat is generated due to the plastic deformation and friction at the wire-die *** steel wires subjected to the low drawing speed(LD)of 0.5 m/min and the high drawing speed(HD)of 5.0 m/min were analyzed using the numerical simulation and electron backscatter diffraction ***,the specimens subjected to the HD had a higher drawability by about 18%compared to the LD,which is totally different from the general behavior of plain carbon pearlitic *** LD wire had uniform temperature distribution along the radial direction during wire *** contrast,the HD wire had a temperature gradient along the radial direction due to the higher frictional effect at surface:the minimum temperature of 58℃ at center area and the maximum temperature of 143 C at surface *** higher stacking fault energy of HD wire at the surface area due to the high temperature rise retarded twinning rate,resulting in the prevention of fast exhaustion in ductility in comparison with the LD wires since the earlier depletion of twins at surface area is known as the main reason for the fracture of TWIP steel during wire ***,HD process delayed the fracture strain of wire and increased the uniformity of microstructure and mechanical properties along the radial direction.

关键词： Twinning-induced plasticity steel Wire drawing Deformation twin Drawing speed Temperature rise

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Strain hardening rate dependency of deformation shape,strain distribution,and contact pressure during wire flat rolling

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第3期30卷 475-486页

作者： joong-ki Hwang School of Mechatronics Engineering Korea University of Technology and EducationCheonan 31253Republic of Korea

The effect of the strain hardening exponent(n)of a material on the changes in shape,strain inhomogeneity,and contact pressure was investigated during wire flat rolling to understand its effect on the deformation behavior of a flat-rolled wire and to determine the optimal working conditions with *** deformation behaviors of wires with various n values were systematically compared using finite element *** shape of the deformed wire was found to depend on the n value of the *** the contact width and lateral spreading of the wire decrease with increasing n,resulting in a large reduction in area with the n *** strain homogeneity of the wire increases with the n value of the *** improvement in the strain homogeneity with the n value is attributable to two factors:a lower strain concentration in the central region and a higher overall elongation as n *** addition,the average effective strain of the wire cross section decreases with the n value of a material during wire flat *** contact pressure distribution on the surface of the wire differs significantly depending on the n *** materials with a low n value,the contact pressure exhibits a higher value at the entry and edge zones of the contact *** contrast,materials with high n values exhibit a higher contact pressure at the exit *** behavior can be explained by the strain hardening behavior of the material during wire flat rolling.

关键词： Strain hardening exponent Wire flat rolling Shape change Strain inhomogeneity Contact pressure

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Effect of reduction in area per pass on strain distribution and microstructure during caliber rolling in twinning-induced plasticity steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第1期27卷 62-74页

作者： joong-ki Hwang Sung Jin kim School of Mechanical Engineering Tongmyong UniversityBusan 48520Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Sunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Republic of Korea

The effects of reduction in area(RA)per pass during caliber rolling on microstructure and strain distribution of twinninginduced plasticity steel have been investigated to find solutions to make a more homogeneous material along the radial direction for wire rod *** steel wires subjected to an average RA per pass of 2.5%(skin pass caliber rolling)and 10.0%(conventional caliber rolling)were *** skin pass caliber-rolled wire was characterized as a duplex fiber texture of majorand minor.and the textures were almost same at/between center and surface area,which is totally different from those of conventional caliber rolling and wire *** skin pass caliber rolling led to more homogeneous microstructure and mechanical properties along the radial direction in comparison with the conventional caliber rolling and wire drawing due to the more homogeneous Hall-Petch hardening,dislocation hardening,and texture behavior with area,resulting in higher formability.

关键词： Twinning-induced plasticity steel Caliber rolling Deformation twin Reduction in area Skin pass

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Genomics-driven derivatization of the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoid variecolin:Creation of an unnatural analogue with improved anticancer properties

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 421-432页

作者： Dexiu Yan Jemma Arakelyan Teng Wan Ritvik Raina Tsz ki Chan Dohyun Ahn Vladimir Kushnarev Tsz kiu Cheung Ho Ching Chan Inseo choi Pui Yi Ho Feijun Hu Yujeong kim Hill Lam Lau Ying Lo Law Chi Seng Leung Chun Yin Tong Kai Kap Wong Wing Lam Yim Nikolay S.Karnaukhov Richard Y.C.Kong Maria V.Babak Yudai Matsuda Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina iGEM Team“VarieCure” City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Moscow Clinical Research Center Named After A.S.Loginov Moscow 111123Russian Federation

A biosynthetic gene cluster for the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoids variecolin(1)and variecolactone(2)was identified in Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC *** production of 1 and 2 was achieved in Aspergillus oryzae by expressing the sesterterpene synthase VrcA and the cytochrome P450 ***,the replacement of VrcB with homologous P450s from other fungal terpenoid pathways yielded three new variecolin analogues(5-7).Analysis of the compounds’anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo revealed that although 5 and 1 had comparable activities,5 was associated with significantly reduced toxic side effects in cancer-bearing mice,indicating its potentially broader therapeutic *** study describes the first tests of variecolin and its analogues in animals and demonstrates the utility of synthetic biology for creating molecules with improved biological activities.

关键词： Animal studies Anticancer properties Biosynthesis Natural products Sesterterpenoids Synthetic biology Terpene synthases Variecolin

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