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Impact of Spectral Nudging on the Downscaling of Tropical Cyclones in Regional Climate Simulations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第6期33卷 730-742页

作者： Suk-Jin choi dong-Kyou LEE Atmospheric Sciences Program School of Earth and Environmental SciencesKorea-USA Weather and Climate Research Center Seoul National University

This study investigated the simulations of three months of seasonal tropical cyclone （TC） activity over the western North Pacific using the Advanced Research WRF Model. In the control experiment （CTL）, the TC frequency was considerably overestimated. Additionally, the tracks of some TCs tended to have larger radii of curvature and were shifted eastward. The large-scale environments of westerly monsoon flows and subtropical Pacific highs were unreasonably simulated. The overestimated frequency of TC formation was attributed to a strengthened westerly wind field in the southern quadrants of the TC center. In comparison with the experiment with the spectral nudging method, the strengthened wind speed was mainly modulated by large-scale flow that was greater than approximately 1000 km in the model domain. The spurious formation and undesirable tracks of TCs in the CTL were considerably improved by reproducing realistic large-scale atmospheric monsoon circulation with substantial adjustment between large-scale flow in the model domain and large-scale boundary forcing modified by the spectral nudging method. The realistic monsoon circulation took a vital role in simulating realistic TCs. It revealed that, in the downscaling from large-scale fields for regional climate simulations, scale interaction between model-generated regional features and forced large-scale fields should be considered, and spectral nudging is a desirable method in the downscaling method.

关键词： tropical cyclone spectral nudging technique dynamic downscaling regional climate simulation

Analysis of optical emission spectroscopy data during silicon etching in SF_(6)/O_(2)/Ar plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第12期23卷 117-127页

作者： dong Hwan KIM Jeong Eun choi Sang Jeen HONG Department of Electronics Engineering Myongji University116 Myongji-roYongin-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea

Silicon etching is an essential process in various applications,and a major challenge for etching process is anisotropic high aspect ratio etching *** etch profile is determined by the plasma parameters and process *** this study,the plasma state with each process parameters were analyzed through the optical emission spectroscopy(OES)plasma diagnostic sensor by both chemical and physical *** temperature and electron density were additionally acquired using the corona model with OES data that provides chemical species information,and the etch profile was evaluated through scanning electron microscope measurement *** results include changes in profile with gas ratio,bias power,and *** figure out that factors like ion energy and ion angular distribution as well as chemical reaction affect the anisotropic profile.

关键词： silicon etching profile optical emission spectroscopy plasma in-formation corona model

Gravitational waves from the vacuum decay with LISA

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第7期46卷 189-200页

作者： Bum-hoon Lee Wonwoo Lee dong-han Yeom Lu Yin Center for Quantum Spacetime Sogang University Seoul 04107 Kora Department of Physics Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Korea Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics PostechPohang 37673Korea Department of Physics Education Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Research Center for Dielectric and Advanced Matter Physics Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea

We investigate the gravitational wave spectrum originating from the cosmological first-order phase *** compare two models:one is a scalar field model without gravitation,while the other is a scalar field model with *** on the sensitivity curves of the LISA space-based interferometer on the stochastic gravitational-wave background,we compare the difference between the gravitational wave spectra of the former and the latter cases obtained from the bubble collision *** particular,we numerically calculate the speed of the bubble wall before collision for the two *** demonstrate that the difference between the amplitudes of these spectra can clearly distinguish between the two *** expect that the LISA with Signal to Noise Ratio=10 could observe the spectrum as the fast first-order phase transition.

关键词： gravitational wave first order phasetransition bubble collision

Bidirectional transfer of quantum information for unknown photons via cross-Kerr nonlinearity and photon-number-resolving measurement

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第2期25卷 82-92页

作者： Jino Heo Chang-Ho Hong dong-hoon Lee Hyung-Jin Yang Graduate School of Information Security (GSIS) Korea University Center for Information Security Technologies (CIST) Korea University Department of Physics Korea University

We propose an arbitrary controlled-unitary （CU） gate and a bidirectional transfer scheme of quantum information （BTQI） for unknown photons. The proposed CU gate utilizes quantum non-demolition photon-number-resolving measure- ment based on the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities （XKNLs） and two quantum bus beams; the proposed CU gate consists of consecutive operations of a controlled-path gate and a gathering-path gate. It is almost deterministic and is feasible with current technology when a strong amplitude of the coherent state and weak XKNLs are employed. Compared with the existing optical multi-qubit or controlled gates, which utilize XKNLs and homodyne detectors, the proposed CU gate can increase experimental realization feasibility and enhance robustness against decoherence. According to the CU gate, we present a BTQI scheme in which the two unknown states of photons between two parties （Alice and Bob） are mutually swapped by transferring only a single photon. Consequently, by using the proposed CU gate, it is possible to experimentally implement the BTQI scheme with a certain probability of success.

关键词： cross-Kerr nonlinearity quantum non-demolition photon-number-resolving measurement bidirec-tional transfer of quantum information

Characteristics and Nonlinear Growth of the Singular Vector Related to a Heavy Rainfall Case over the Korean Peninsula

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第1期29卷 10-28页

作者： Yonghan choi Joowan KIM dong-Kyou LEE School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University

In this study, singular vectors related to a heavy rainfall case over the Korean Peninsula were calculated using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model （MM5） adjoint modeling system. Tangent linear and adjoint models include moist physical processes, and a moist basic state and a moist total energy norm were used for the singular-vector calculations. The characteristics and nonlinear growth of the first singular vector were analyzed, focusing on the relationship between the basic state and the singular vector. The horizontal distribution of the initial singular vector was closely related to the baroclinicity index and the moisture availability of the basic state. The temperature-component energy at a lower level was dominant at the initial time, and the kinetic energy at upper levels became dominant at the final time in the energy profile of the singular vector. The nonlinear growth of the singular vector appropriately reflects the temporal variations in the basic state. The moisture-component energy at lower levels was dominant at earlier times, indicating continuous moisture transport in the basic state. There were a large amount of precipitation and corresponding latent heat release after that period because the continuous moisture transport created favorable conditions for both convective and nonconvective precipitation. The vertical propagation of the singular-vector energy was caused by precipitation and the corresponding latent heating in the basic state.

关键词： singular vector nonlinear growth heavy rainfall MM5 adjoint modeling system

LIMITED TOMOGRAPHY RECONSTRUCTION VIA TIGHT FRAME AND SIMULTANEOUS SINOGRAM EXTRAPOLATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2016年第6期34卷 575-589页

作者： Jae Kyu choi Bin dong Xiaoqun Zhang Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing China Institute of Natural Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences and MOE-LSC Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

X-ray computed tomography （CT） is one of widely used diagnostic tools for medical and dental tomographic imaging of the human body. However, the standard filtered back- projection reconstruction method requires the complete knowledge of the projection data. In the case of limited data, the inverse problem of CT becomes more ill-posed, which makes the reconstructed image deteriorated by the artifacts. In this paper, we consider two dimensional CT reconstruction using the projections truncated along the spatial direc- tion in the Radon domain. Over the decades, the numerous results including the sparsity model based approach has enabled the reconstruction of the image inside the region of interest （ROI） from the limited knowledge of the data. However, unlike these existing methods, we try to reconstruct the entire CT image from the limited knowledge of the sinogram via the tight frame regularization and the simultaneous sinogram extrapolation. Our proposed model shows more promising numerical simulation results compared with the existing sparsity model based approach.

关键词： X-ray computed tomography Limited tomography Wavelet frame Data driventight frame Bregmanized operator splitting algorithm Sinogram extrapolation.

Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 115-126页

作者： Seon Yeong Ji EunJin Bang Hyun Hwangbo Min Yeong Kim Da Hye Kim Su Hyun Hong Shin-Hyung Park Chang-Young Kwon Gi-Young Kim You-Jin Jeon Suengmok Cho Yung Hyun choi Department of Biochemistry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens(***)ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW296.7 ***:The protective effects of *** ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis,including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blot *** examine reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry analysis,and immunofluorescence staining were ***,the modulatory effect of *** ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was ***:*** ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix *** addition,*** ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling ***:*** ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 *** can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.

关键词： Capsosiphon fulvescens Inflammation Oxidative stress NF-κB Nrf2 TLR4

Complication after nipple-areolar complex tattooing performed by a non-medical person:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12781-12786页

作者： Je Yeon Byeon Tae hoon Kim Hwan-Jun choi Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Soonchunhyang University HospitalCheonan KS002South Korea

BACKGROUND Compared to earlier,there has been an increase in the tattoo procedures for cosmetic purposes;and there has also been an increase in the tattoo procedures performed by non-medical *** South Korea,only tattoos performed by a doctor are considered legal;however,there is still some debate over whether tattoo procedures performed by non-healthcare providers should be considered *** SUMMARY A 28-year-old woman visited our hospital with pain in both nipples and heat sensation over the last 4 *** had a history of a nipple tattoo performed by an unlicensed *** bleeding was noted in both areolar areas,and the exudate mixed with pus and orange color ink was *** medication and tulle with foam dressing were performed under the impression of cellulitis and allergic *** 4 wk,nipples remained dark brown in color,resulting in a color mismatch between the nipple and orange-colored *** size of the areola was also found to be distinctly asymmetrical after *** complication may have been caused by the use of illegal ink or unsanitary procedures,or a problem may have occurred in the post-tattoo management *** Doctors use approved ink,aseptic procedure and appropriate postoperative care,and appropriate management can be performed in case of complications.

关键词： Infections Nipples Tattooing Licensure Case report

Bioinspired magnetic cilia:from materials to applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 107-128页

作者： Seongjin Park Geonjun choi Minsu Kang Woochan Kim Jangho Kim hoon Eui Jeong Department of Mechanical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan44919Republic of Korea Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea

Microscale and nanoscale cilia are ubiquitous in natural systems where they serve diverse biological *** artificial magnetic cilia have emerged as a highly promising technology with vast potential applications,ranging from soft robotics to highly precise *** this review,we comprehensively discuss the roles of cilia in nature and the various types of magnetic particles utilized in magnetic cilia;additionally,we explore the top-down and bottom-up fabrication techniques employed for their ***,we examine the various applications of magnetic cilia,including their use in soft robotics,droplet and particle control systems,fluidics,optical devices,and ***,we present our conclusions and the future outlook for magnetic cilia research and development,including the challenges that need to be overcome and the potential for further integration with emerging technologies.

关键词： magnetic overcome precise