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Thermodynamic model for deoxidation of liquid steel considering strong metal-oxygen interaction in the quasichemical model framework

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 988-1002页

作者： Yong-Min cho youn-Bae Kang Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea N.EX.T Hub POSCO HoldingsPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea

Herein,a thermodynamic model aimed at describing deoxidation equilibria in liquid steel was *** model provides explicit forms of the activity coefficient of solutes in liquid steel,eliminating the need for the minimization of internal Gibbs energy preliminarily when solving deoxidation *** elimination of internal Gibbs energy minimization is particularly advantageous during the coupling of deoxidation equilibrium calculations with computationally intensive approaches,such as computational fluid *** model enables efficient calculations through direct embedment of the explicit forms of activity coefficient in the computing *** proposed thermodynamic model was developed using a quasichemical approach with two key approximations:random mixing of metallic elements(Fe and oxidizing metal) and strong nonrandom pairing of metal and oxygen as nearest *** these approximations,the quasichemical approach yielded the activity coefficients of solutes as explicit functions of composition and temperature without requiring the minimization of internal Gibbs energy or the coupling of separate *** model was successfully applied in the calculation of deoxidation equilibria of various elements(Al,B,C,Ca,Ce,Cr,La,Mg,Mn,Nb,Si,Ti,V,and Zr).The limitations of the model arising from these assumptions were also discussed.

关键词： deoxidation equilibria thermodynamics quasichemical approach computational fluid dynamics

Two-stage dynamic recrystallization and texture evolution in Al-7Mg alloy during hot torsion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1900-1911页

作者： kwang Tae Son Chang Hee cho Myoung Gyun Kim Ji Woon Lee School of Mechanical Industrialand Manufacturing EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallis OR 97331USA Department of Materials Science Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL 60208USA Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology(RIST) Pohang 37673Rep.of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powders Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea

Hot torsion tests were performed on the Al-7Mg alloy at the temperature ranging from 300 to 500℃ and strain rates between 0.05 and 5 s^(-1) to explore the progressive dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and texture *** DRX behavior of the alloy manifested two distinct stages:Stage 1 at strain of≤2 and Stage 2 at strains of≥*** Stage 1,there was a slight increase in the DRXed grain fraction(X_(DRX))with predominance of discontinuous DRX(DDRX),followed by a modest change in X_(DRX) until the transition to Stage *** 2 was marked by an accelerated rate of DRX,culminating in a substantial final X_(DRX) of~*** backscattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis on a sample in Stage 2 revealed that continuous DRX(CDRX)predominantly occurred within the(121)[001]grains,whereas the(111)[110]grains underwent a geometric DRX(GDRX)evolution without a noticeable sub-grain ***,a modified Avrami’s DRX kinetics model was utilized to predict the microstructural refinement in the Al-7Mg alloy during the DRX *** this kinetics model did not accurately capture the DDRX behavior in Stage 1,it effectively simulated the DRX rate in Stage *** texture index was employed to assess the evolution of the texture isotropy during hot-torsion test,demonstrating significant improvement(>75%)in texture randomness before the commencement of Stage *** initial texture evolution is attributed to the rotation of parent grains and the substructure evolution,rather than to an increase in X_(DRX).

关键词： Al-7Mg alloys hot deformation hot torsion tests dynamic recrystazlliation microstructure texture

Brillouin expanded time-domain analysis based on dual optical frequency combs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1534-1544页

作者： Jae Hyeong youn kwang Yong Song Sonia Martin-Lopez Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez María R.Fernández-Ruiz Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulKorea Dept.of Electronics Universidad de AlcaláMadridSpain

Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis(BOTDA)is a widely-used distributed optical fiber sensing technology employing pulse-modulated pump waves for local information retrieval of the Brillouin gain or loss *** spatial resolution of BOTDA systems is intrinsically linked to pulse duration,so high-resolution measurements demand high electronic bandwidths inversely proportional to the *** paper introduces Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis(BETDA)as a modified BOTDA system,simultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low detection *** two optical frequency combs(OFCs)with different frequency intervals as pump and probe,local Brillouin gain spectra are recorded by their spectral beating traces in an expanded time domain.A 2-cm-long hotspot located in a 230m single-mode fiber is successfully measured in the time domain with a detection bandwidth of less than 100 kHz using dual OFCs with tailored spectral phase,line spacing,and bandwidth.

关键词： pump optical fiber

A dose-dependent bimodal switch by homologous Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1407-1422页

作者： Hyung-Taeg cho Minsu Lee Hee-Seung choi kwang-Ho Maeng Kyeonghoon Lee Ha-Yeon Lee Anindya Ganguly Hoonyoung Park Chang-Hoi Ho Department of Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea

Combinatorial interactions between different regulators diversify and enrich the chance of transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic ***,a dose-dependent functional switch of homologous transcriptional repressors has rarely been ***,we show that SHY2,an auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(Aux/IAA)repressor,exhibits a dose-dependent bimodal role in auxin-sensitive root-hair growth and gene transcrip-tion in Arabidopsis,whereas other Aux/lAA homologs consistently repress the auxin *** co-repressor(TOPLESS[TPL])-binding affinity of a bimodal Aux/IAA was lower than that of a consistently re-pressing Aux/*** switch of a single amino acid residue in the TPL-binding motif between the bimodal form and the consistently repressing form switched their TPL-binding affinity and transcriptional and bio-logical roles in auxin *** on these data,we propose a model whereby competition between homologous repressors with different co-repressor-binding affinities could generate a bimodal output at thetranscriptional anddevelopmental levels.

关键词： auxin Aux/IAA dose-dependent regulation root hair transcription TOPLESS(TPL)

α1-COP modulates plasmodesmata function through sphingolipid enzyme regulation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1639-1657页

作者： Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto Minh Huy Vu Jong Cheol Shon Ritesh Kumar Shuwei Wu Hobin Kang Da-Ran Kim Geon Hui Son Woe Yoen Kim youn-Sig Kwak kwang Hyeon Liu Sang Hee Kim Jae-Yean Kim Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 FOUR Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea Departement of Plant Medicine Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Division of Life Science Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea

Callose,aβ-1,3-glucan plant cell wall polymer,regulates symplasmic channel size at plasmodesmata(PD)and plays a crucial role in a variety of plant ***,elucidating the molecular mechanism of PD callose homeostasis is *** screened and identified an Arabidopsis mutant plant with excessive callose deposition at PD and found that the mutated gene wasα1-COP,a member of the coat protein I(COPI)coatomer *** report that loss of function ofα1-COP elevates the callose accumulation at PD by affecting subcellular protein localization of callose degradation enzyme Pd *** process is linked to the functions of ERH1,an inositol phosphoryl ceramide synthase,and glucosylceramide synthase through physical interactions with theα1-COP ***,the loss of function ofα1-COP alters the subcellular localization of ERH1 and GCS proteins,resulting in a reduction of Glc Cers and Glc HCers molecules,which are key sphingolipid(SL)species for lipid raft *** findings suggest thatα1-COP protein,together with SL modifiers controlling lipid raft compositions,regulates the subcellular localization of GPI-anchored PDBG2 proteins,and hence the callose turnover at PD and symplasmic movement of *** findings provide the first key clue to link the COPI-mediated intracellular trafficking pathway to the callose-mediated intercellular signaling pathway through PD.

关键词： callose coatomer proteins membrane-bound vesicle plasmodesmata sphingolipid enzymes

Crystallographically vacancy‐induced MOF nanosheet as rational single‐atom support for accelerating CO_(2)electroreduction to CO

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 49-62页

作者： Jin Hyuk cho Joonhee Ma Chaehyeon Lee Jin Wook Lim youngho Kim Ho Yeon Jang Jaehyun Kim Myung‐gi Seo youngheon choi youn Jeong Jang Sang Hyun Ahn Ho Won Jang Seoin Back Jong‐Lam Lee Soo young Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Lotte Chemical R&D Center DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

To attain a circular carbon economy and resolve CO_(2)electroreduction technology obstacles,single‐atom catalysts(SACs)have emerged as a logical option for electrocatalysis because of their extraordinary catalytic *** SACs,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have been recognized as promising support materials because of their exceptional ability to prevent metal *** study shows that atomically dispersed Ni single atoms on a precisely engineered MOF nanosheet display a high Faradaic efficiency of approximately 100%for CO formation in H‐cell and three‐compartment microfluidic flow‐cell reactors and an excellent turnover frequency of 23,699 h−1,validating their intrinsic catalytic *** results suggest that crystallographic variations affect the abundant vacancy sites on the MOF nanosheets,which are linked to the evaporation of Zn‐containing organic linkers during ***,using X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations,a comprehensive investigation of the unsaturated atomic coordination environments and the underlying mechanism involving CO^(*)preadsorbed sites as initial states was possible and provided valuable insights.

关键词： 2‐dimensional material carbon dioxide reduction metal-organic frameworks single‐atom catalysts vacancy sites

Changes in microorganisms and metabolites during long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Daehyeon Kim Seong-Eun Park Eun-Ju Kim Seung-Ho Seo kwang-Moon cho Sun Jae Kwon Hong-Seok Son Department of Biotechnology， College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology， Korea University Sonlab Inc. 3. AccuGene Inc.

This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce. Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years. The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera， Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium， after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation. Although genera， such as Saccharomyces， Cladosporium， Candida， and Aspergillus， were relatively dominant， no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis. The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half (55.8%) of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation. Despite the static microbial community， the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce. This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.

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Surface-functionalized hole-selective monolayer for high efficiency single-junction wide-bandgap and monolithic tandem perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 317-326,I0008页

作者： Devthade Vidyasagar Yeonghun Yun Jae Yu cho Hyemin Lee Kyung Won Kim Yong Tae Kim Sung Woong Yang Jina Jung Won Chang choi Seonu Kim Rajendra Kumar Gunasekaran Seok Beom Kang kwang Heo Dong Hoe Kim Jaeyeong Heo Sangwook Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics Convergence Research CenterChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Carbazole moiety-based 2PACz([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are excellent hole-selective contact(HSC)materials with abilities to excel the charge-transferdynamics of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we report a facile but powerful method to functionalize the surface of 2PACz-SAM,by which reproducible,highly stable,high-efficiency wide-bandgap PSCs can be *** 2PACz surface treatment with various donor number solvents improves assembly of 2PACz-SAM and leave residual surface-bound solvent molecules on 2PACz-SAM,which increases perovskite grain size,retards halide segregation,and accelerates hole *** surface functionalization achieves a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.62%for a single-junction wide-bandgap(~1.77 e V)*** also demonstrate a monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell using surfaceengineered HSC,showing high PCE of 24.66%with large open-circuit voltage of 2.008 V and high fillfactor of 81.45%.Our results suggest this simple approach can further improve the tandem device,when coupled with a high-performance narrow-bandgap sub-cell.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells 2PACz Monolithic tandem solar cells Wide bandgap

Newly-modeled graphene-based ternary nanocomposite for the magnetophotocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) with electrochemical performance

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 1438-1459页

作者： Zambaga Otgonbayar kwang youn cho chong-Hun Jung Won-Chun Oh Department of Advanced Materials Science&Engineering Hanseo UniversitySeosan-Si 31962Korea Korea Institutes of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Jinju-Si 660031Korea Decommissioning Technology Research Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 305-600Korea Anhui International Joint Research Center for Nano Carbon-based Materials and Environmental Health College of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science&TechnologyHuainan 232001China

The development of CO_(2)into hydrocarbon fuels has emerged as a green method that could help mitigate global *** novel structured photocatalyst is a promising material for use in a photocatalytic and magneto-electrochemical method that fosters the reduction of CO_(2)by suppressing the recombination of electron−hole pairs and effectively transferring the electrons to the surface for the chemical reaction of CO_(2)*** our study,we have developed a novel-structured AgCuZnS_(2)–graphene–TiO_(2)to analyze its catalytic activity toward the selective evolution of CO_(2).The selectivity of each nanocomposite substantially enhanced the activity of the AgCuZnS_(2)–graphene–TiO_(2)ternary nanocomposite due to the successful interaction,and the selectivity of the final product was improved to a value 3 times higher than that of the pure AgCuZnS_(2)and 2 times higher than those of AgCuZnS_(2)–graphene and AgCuZnS_(2)–TiO_(2)under ultraviolet(UV)-light(λ=254 nm)irradiation in the photocatalytic *** electrochemical CO_(2)reduction test was also conducted to analyze the efficacy of the AgCuZnS_(2)–graphene–TiO_(2)when used as a working electrode in laboratory electrochemical *** electrochemical process was conducted under different experimental conditions,such as various scan rates(mV·s^(–1)),under UV-light and with a 0.07 T *** evolution of CO_(2)substantially improved under UV-light(λ=254 nm)and with 0.07 T magnetic-core treatment;these improvements were attributed to the facts that the UV-light activated the electron-transfer pathway and the magnetic core controlled the pathway of electrontransmission/prevention to protect it from chaotic electron *** all tested nanocomposites,AgCuZnS_(2)–graphene–TiO_(2)absorbed the CO_(2)most strongly and showed the best ability to transfer the electron to reduce the CO_(2)to *** believe that our newly-modeled ternary nanocomposite opens up new opportunities for the evolution of C

关键词： ternary nanocomposite photocatalytic electrochemical CO_(2) reduction UV-light magnetic core