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Controlled drainage in the Nile River delta of Egypt:a promising approach for decreasing drainage off-site effects and enhancing yield and water use efficiency of wheat

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第4期15卷 460-476页

作者： mohamed K EL-GHANNAm Fatma WASSAR Sabah mORSY mohamed HAFEZ chiter m parihar Kent O BURKEY Ahmed m ABDALLAH Soil Water and Environment Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterGiza 12112Egypt Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabès University of GabèsGabès 6072Tunisia Institute of Arid Regions Medenine 4119Tunisia Crop Science Department Faculty of AgricultureDamanhour UniversityDamanhour 22516Egypt Land and Water Technologies Department Arid Lands Cultivation Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological ApplicationsNew Borg El-Arab 21934Egypt Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI) New Delhi 110012India United States Department of Agriculture(USDA)-Agricultural Research Services(ARS) Plant Science Research UnitNorth Carolina 27607USA Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of AgricultureDamanhour UniversityDamanhour 22516Egypt

North Africa is one of the most regions impacted by water *** implementation of controlled drainage(CD)in the northern Nile River delta of Egypt is one strategy to decrease irrigation,thus alleviating the negative impact of water *** study investigated the impacts of CD at different levels on drainage outflow,water table level,nitrate loss,grain yield,and water use efficiency(WUE)of various wheat *** levels of CD,i.e.,0.4 m below the soil surface(CD-0.4)and 0.8 m below the soil surface(CD-0.8),were compared with subsurface free drainage(SFD)at 1.2 m below the soil surface(SFD-1.2).Under each drainage treatment,four wheat cultivars were grown for two growing seasons(November 2018–April 2019 and November 2019–April 2020).Compared with SFD-1.2,CD-0.4 and CD-0.8 decreased irrigation water by 42.0%and 19.9%,drainage outflow by 40.3%and 27.3%,and nitrate loss by 35.3%and 20.8%,*** CD treatments,plants absorbed a significant portion of their evapotranspiration from shallow groundwater(22.0%and 8.0%for CD-0.4 and CD-0.8,respectively).All wheat cultivars positively responded to CD treatments,and the highest grain yield and straw yield were obtained under CD-0.4 *** the initial soil salinity as a reference,the soil salinity under CD-0.4 treatment increased two-fold by the end of the second growing season without negative impacts on wheat *** the drainage system by raising the outlet elevation and considering shallow groundwater contribution to crop evapotranspiration promoted water-saving and *** responses could be obtained based on the different plant tolerance to salinity and water stress,crop characteristics,and growth ***-specific soil salinity management practices will be required to avoid soil salinization due to the adoption of long-term shallow groundwater in Egypt and other similar agroecosystems.

关键词： drainage ratio nitrate loss water use efficiency yield soil salinity Nile River delta

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Long-Term Conservation Agriculture and Intensified Cropping Systems:Effects on Growth,Yield,Water,and Energy-use Efficiency of maize in Northwestern India

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Pedosphere 2018年第6期28卷 952-963页

作者： chiter m.parihar malu R.YADAV Shankar L.JAT Aditya K.SINGH Bhupender KUmAR Vijay POONIYA Sanatan PRADHAN Rakesh K.VERmA mangi L.JAT Raj K.JAT muli D.parihar Hari S.NAYAK Yashpal S.SAHARAWAT Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of maize Research New Delhi 110012(India) Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012(India) International maize and Wheat Improvement Center New Delhi 110012(India) Borlaug Institute for South Asia Samastipur 848125(India) Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar 125004(India) International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Kabul 11082010(Afghanistan)

Conservation agriculture(CA)-based best-bet crop management practices may increase crop and water productivity, while conserving and sustaining natural resources. We evaluated the performance of rainy season maize during 2014 under an ongoing long-term trial(established in 2008) with three tillage practices, i.e., permanent bed(PB), zero tillage(ZT), and conventional tillage(CT) as main plots, and four intensified maize-based cropping systems, i.e., maize-wheat-mungbean, maize-chickpea-Sesbania(mCS), maizemustard-mungbean, and maize-maize-Sesbania) as subplot treatments. In the seventh rainy season of the experiment, maize growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, and water-and energy-use efficiency were highest at fixed plots under ZT. maize growth parameters were significantly(P mpared with CT. maize yield attributes, including cobs per m^2(7.8), cob length(0.183 m), grain rows per cob(13.8), and grains per row(35.6), were significantly higher under ZT than CT; however, no significant effect of cropping systems was found on maize growth and yield attributes. Zero tillage exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 589 kg ha^(-1)). However, among the cropping systems, mCS exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 582 kg ha^(-1)). In maize, water use was reduced by 80.2–120.9 mm ha-1under ZT and PB compared with CT, which ultimately enhanced the economic water-use efficiency by 42.0% and 36.6%, respectively. The ZT and PB showed a 3.5%–31.8% increase in soil organic carbon(SOC) at different soil depths(0–0.45 m), and a 32.3%–39.9% increase in energy productivity compared with CT. Overall, our results showed that CA-based ZT and PB practices coupled with diversified maize-based cropping systems effectively enhanced maize yield and SOC,as well as water-and energy-use efficiency, in northwestern India.

关键词： conventional tillage economic water-use efficiency permanent bed rainy season soil organic carbon zero tillage

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Chemoselective Dehydrogenation of 3-[2-(3,4-Dihydro-1-naphthalenyl)ethyl]imidazolidine-2,4-diones: a New and Convenient Synthesis of 13,16-Diazaequilenin analogs

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2004年第10期22卷 1196-1199页

作者： parihar J.A RAmANA m.m.V Department of Chemistry University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai-400098 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Mumbai-400098 India

The synthesis of the title compounds starting with the chemoselective dehydrogenation of 3-[2-(3,4-dihydro-1-naphthalenyl)ethyl]imidazolidine-2,4-diones has been described.

关键词： chemoselective dehydrogenation imide reduction intramolecular cyclization 13,16-diazasteroid

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Variable stars in m37

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第12期18卷 111-122页

作者： Ajaz Ahmad Dar Padmakar Singh parihar Parvej Saleh manzoor Ahmad malik Department of Physics University of KashmirHazratbal 190006Srinagar-J&KIndia Department of Physics Islamia College of Science and CommerceHawalSrinagar-19002J&KIndia Indian Institute of Astrophysics Koramagala-560034BangaloreIndia Applied Sciences Department GowhatiUniversity of AssamIndia

The CCD photometric observations of open star cluster m37(NGC 2099) were carried out up to a limiting magnitude of V ～ 20 in both B and V filters to search for variable stars using a 2k×4k CCD and the 1.3 m telescope at the Vainu Bapu Observatory, Kavalur.A total of 314 stars were in the first observing run, out of which 60 were identified as *** out of the identified 60 variables are classified as W Uma binary *** model fitting, we used PHOEBE based on the W-D code to estimate the physical parameters of these newly detected W Uma binaries that theoretically best match the observed light curves.

关键词： techniques:photometric astronomical instrumentation methods and techniques astrometry and celestial mechanics (stars:) binaries:eclipsing

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Binary star detection in the open cluster King 1 field

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第3期20卷 185-191页

作者： Parvej Reja Saleh Debasish Hazarika Ajaz Ahmad Dar Padmakar Singh parihar Eeshankur Saikia Department of Applied Sciences Gauhati University-781014AssamIndia Department of Physics University of Kashmir-190006Srinagar-J&KIndia Indian Institute of Astrophysics Koramagala-560034BangaloreIndia

A rarely studied open cluster,King 1 is observed using the 1.3-m telescope equipped with a 2 k×4 k CCD at Vainu Bappu Observatory,*** analyze the photometric data obtained from CCD observations in both B and V *** of 132 detected stars in the open cluster King 1 field,we have identified four stellar variables,and two among them are reported as newly detected binary *** parallax values from Gaia DR2 suggest that the open cluster King 1 is in the background of these two detected binary systems,falling along the same line of sight,giving rise to different parallax *** analysis was carried out using Phase Dispersion minimization(PDm)and the Lomb-Scargle(LS)method for all the detected *** Of Eclipsing Binari Es(PHOEBE)is extensively employed to model various stellar parameters of both the detected binary *** on the modeling results obtained from this work,one of the binary systems is reported for the first time as an Eclipsing Detached(ED)and the other as an Eclipsing Contact(EC)binary of W-type W Uma.

关键词： galaxies photometry-galaxies clusters individual(King 1)-(stars:)binaries eclipsing-methods observational

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Predicting Yield and Stability Analysis of Wheat under Different Crop management Systems across Agro-Ecosystems in India

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 1977-2012页

作者： mangi Lal Jat Raj Kumar Jat Parvinder Singh Shankar Lal Jat Harminder Singh Sidhu Hanuman Sahay Jat Deepak Bijarniya chiter mal parihar Raj Gupta International maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CImmYT) National Agriculture Science Center (NASC) Complex New Delhi India Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Indian Institute of Maize Research New Delhi India Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) New Delhi India

The objectives of the study were as follows: 1) to evaluate the GxExm for wheat genotypes;2) to predict yield performance and identify high stable wheat genotypes in different management practices;and 3) to make genotype-specific management and high performing genotype recommendations within and across agro-ecological regions. A diverse set of twenty-one genotypes was evaluated over three years (2012, 2013 and 2014) under two levels of crop management practices (CT and ZT) across three agro-ecological regions (BR, mP and PB) of India in replicated trials. Data were analyzed with SASGxE and RGxE programs using SAS and R programming languages, respectively. Across and within a location(s), the pattern of GxExm and GxmxY interactions (respectively) among univariate and multivariate stability statistics, grouping of genotypes in divisive clusters and estimates (with a prediction interval) of genotype varied in management practice CT and ZT. Across locations, the genotypes “munal” and “HD-2967” were the best performers and high stable in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2824” and “DPW-621-50”, and “munal” may serve as diverse parents for developing high quality, climate smart, locally adapted genotypes for BR in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2932”, “BAZ” and “JW-3288”, and “GW-322” and “HD-2967” are suitable for developing locally adapted stress tolerant genotypes for mP in management practices CT and ZT, respectively. Relatively small Gxm and GxExm interactions in PB preclude in making definitive conclusions.

关键词： Stability Analysis GxExm BLUPs Forest Plots GGE Biplot Wheat Univariate Stability Statistics

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Effect of Nutrient media and KNO3 on <i>in Vitro</i>Plant Regeneration in <i>Saraca asoca</i>(Roxb.) Willd

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第19期6卷 3282-3292页

作者： Fatima Shirin Nitish Singh parihar Syed Naseer Shah Forest Biodiversity Division Institute of Forest Biodiversity Hyderabad India

Forest trees in general and those belonging to family Fabaceae in particular, have proved to be recalcitrant for propagation through tissue culture. Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. (Family-Caesalpinaceae) is one such tree which has become vulnerable in nature due to over exploitation of its bark. Four nutrient media [mS (murashige and Skoog medium), WPm (Woody Plant medium), B5 (Gamborg’s medium) and NN (Nitsch and Nitsch medium, 1969)] and five doses of BA (N6-Benzyladenine) (0, 2.2, 4.4, 8.8 and 17.8 μm) and their all possible interactions were tested for shoot induction and proliferation from nodal segments of 3-year-old plants. B5 medium supplemented with 2.2 μm BA was screened out as the most suitable medium shoot induction, proliferation and elongation of regenerated shoots. In order to enhance shoot number, the nitrogen source in B5 medium was modified and five strengths of KNO3 (0.25×, 0.5×, 1.0×, 1.25× and 1.5×) were tested. The different strengths of KNO3 (Potassium nitrate) had statistically significant effect on number of shoots and on 0.25× strength of KNO3, maximum number of shoots (1.92) were obtained. The modified strengths of KNO3 did not significantly affect the elongation of shoots. Effect of 5 durations (quick dip, transfer of shoots after 1 day, after 3 days, after 5 days and after 7 days) of pulse treatment with 200 μm IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) in 1/2 strength mS liquid medium was tested. Thereafter, the shoots were transferred to semi-solid half strength mS medium supplemented with 0.2 μm IBA and 3.96 μm phloroglucinol. Pulse treatment of 5 days duration resulted in 37.5% in vitro rooting of shoots. Plantlets were hardened in soilrite soaked with half strength mS medium in culture room and later shifted to a soil mixture in shade house.

关键词： KNO3 micropropagation Nutrient medium Pulse Treatment Rooting Saraca asoca Shoot Induction

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Blood：借助细胞外囊泡诊断儿童白血病潜力大

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第2期17卷 I0001-I0001页

作者： Suzanne m. Johnson Clare Dempsey Amy Chadwick Stephanie Harrison Jizhong Liu Yujun Di Owen J. mcGinn marco Fiorillo Federica Sotgia michael P. Lisanti mayur parihar Shekhar Krishnan Vaskar Saha Children’s Cancer Group and Children’s Cancer Group and manchester Centre for Cellular metabolism Institute of Cancer Sciences Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Children’s Cancer Group and Children’s Cancer Group and Children’s Cancer Group and Children’s Cancer Group and manchester Centre for Cellular metabolism Institute of Cancer Sciences Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom manchester Centre for Cellular metabolism Institute of Cancer Sciences Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom manchester Centre for Cellular metabolism Institute of Cancer Sciences Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Tata medical Center Kolkata India and Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre Kolkata India Children’s Cancer Group and Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre Kolkata India

曼彻斯特大学的研究人员最近开发了一种新的白血病诊断检测方法，该方法的出现或将使得医生对一种常见的儿童白血病的诊断发生革命性变化。研究人员表示急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞能够产生和释放一种特殊的细胞外结构，可以在血液中进行追... 详细信息

曼彻斯特大学的研究人员最近开发了一种新的白血病诊断检测方法，该方法的出现或将使得医生对一种常见的儿童白血病的诊断发生革命性变化。研究人员表示急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞能够产生和释放一种特殊的细胞外结构，可以在血液中进行追踪。该发现或对这种儿童白血病的诊断，药物输送和治疗有重要启示。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Blood上。

关键词：白血病细胞诊断检测细胞外儿童囊泡曼彻斯特大学国际学术期刊研究人员

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