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Association between people’s attitudes towards human-elephant conflict and their locational,demographic,and socio-economic characteristics in Buxa Tiger Reserve and its adjoining area,India

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 11-25页

作者： chiranjib NAD Tamal BASU-ROY Department of Geography Raiganj UniversityRaiganj733134India

“Human-elephant conflict(HEC)”,the alarming issue,in present day context has attracted the attention of environmentalists and policy makers.The rising conflict between human beings and wild elephants is common in Buxa Tiger Reserve(BTR)and its adjoining area in West Bengal State,India,making the area volatile.People’s attitudes towards elephant conservation activity are very crucial to get rid of HEC,because people’s proximity with wild elephants’habitat can trigger the occurrence of HEC.The aim of this study is to conduct an in-depth investigation about the association of people’s attitudes towards HEC with their locational,demographic,and socio-economic characteristics in BTR and its adjoining area by using Pearson’s bivariate chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis.BTR is one of the constituent parts of Eastern Doors Elephant Reserve(EDER).We interviewed 500 respondents to understand their perceptions to HEC and investigated their locational,demographic,and socio-economic characteristics including location of village,gender,age,ethnicity,religion,caste,poverty level,education level,primary occupation,secondary occupation,household type,and source of firewood.The results indicate that respondents who are living in enclave forest villages(EFVs),peripheral forest villages(PFVs),corridor village(CVs),or forest and corridor villages(FCVs),mainly males,at the age of 18–48 years old,engaged with agriculture occupation,and living in kancha and mixed houses,have more likelihood to witness HEC.Besides,respondents who are illiterate or at primary education level are more likely to regard elephant as a main problematic animal around their villages and refuse to participate in elephant conservation activity.For the sake of a sustainable environment for both human beings and wildlife,people’s attitudes towards elephants must be friendly in a more prudent way,so that the two communities can live in harmony.

关键词： Human-elephant conflict Elephant conservation Chi-square test statistics Binary logistic regression Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics Buxa Tiger Reserve

Altered gut microbiota patterns in COVID-19:Markers for inflammation and disease severity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第25期28卷 2802-2822页

作者： chiranjib Chakraborty Ashish Ranjan Sharma Manojit Bhattacharya Kuldeep Dhama Sang-Soo Lee School of Life Science and Biotechnology Adamas UniversityKolkata 700126India Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopaedic Surgery Hallym UniversityChuncheon-si 24252South Korea Department of Zoology Fakir Mohan UniversityBalasore 756020India Division of Pathology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Veterinary Research Institute(IVRI)Bareilly 243122Uttar PradeshIndia Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Hallym UniversityChuncheon-si 24252South Korea

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection leads to a severe respiratory illness and alters the gut microbiota,which dynamically interacts with the human immune system.Microbiota alterations include decreased levels of beneficial bacteria and augmentation of opportunistic pathogens.Here,we describe critical factors affecting the microbiota in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.These include,such as gut microbiota imbalance and gastrointestinal symptoms,the pattern of altered gut microbiota composition in COVID-19 patients,and crosstalk between the microbiome and the gut-lung axis/gut-brain-lung axis.Moreover,we have illustrated the hypoxia state in COVID-19 associated gut microbiota alteration.The role of ACE2 in the digestive system,and control of its expression using the gut microbiota is discussed,highlighting the interactions between the lungs,the gut,and the brain during COVID-19 infection.Similarly,we address the gut microbiota in elderly or co-morbid patients as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis of in severe COVID-19.Several clinical trials to understand the role of probiotics in COVID-19 patients are listed in this review.Augmented inflammation is one of the major driving forces for COVID-19 symptoms and gut microbiome disruption and is associated with disease severity.However,understanding the role of the gut microbiota in immune modulation during SARS-CoV-2 infection may help improve therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 treatment.

关键词： COVID-19 Inflammation Gut microbiota Therapeutic

A green chemistry approach for the synthesis and characterization of bioactive gold nanoparticles using Azolla microphylla methanol extract

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2014年第2期8卷 123-135页

作者： Selvaraj KUNJIAPPAN Ranjana CHOWDHURY chiranjib BHATTACHARJEE Department of Chemical Engineering Jadavpur University Jadavpur Kolkata-700 032 India

This article reports the environmentally benign synthesis of gold nanoparticles （GNPs） using methanol extract of Azolla microphylla as the stabilizing and reducing agent. The GNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry and FTIR, and the morphological characteristics were analyzed by XRD, FESEM-EDX and HRTEM. The GNPs could be formed in very short time, even in less than 30 min. The nanoparticles measured by UV-spectrophotometer demonstrated a peak at 540 nm corresponding to surface plasmon resonance spectra, and the peaks showed by FTIR suggested the presence of organic biomolecules on the surface of the GNPs. XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature of the GNPs, and FESEM-EDX and HRTEM analyses had been performed in the size ranges of 17-40nm and 1.25-17.5nm respectively. The synthesized GNPs showed excellent antioxidant activity. This study shows the feasibility of using plant sources for the biosynthesis of GNPs.

关键词： Azolla microphylla gold nanoparticle （GNP） antioxidant activity surfaceplasmon resonance green chemistry

Ebola virus disease: Recent advances in diagnostics and therapeutics

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第9期12卷 385-395页

作者： Supriya Jagga Ashish Ranjan Sharma chiranjib Chakraborty Sang-Soo Lee Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Chuncheon Sacred Heart HospitalHallym UniversityChuncheon 24252 Republie of Korea Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and BiotechnologyAdamas UniversityBarasat Barackpore RdKlltaWest Bengal 700126 lndia

Ebola virus disease(EVD)is associated with haemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates,with a high rate of fatality(up to 90%).Some outbreaks in human history have proven the lethality of EVD.The recent epidemic of 2014 and 2015 in West Africa was the deadliest of all time(11 284 deaths).To understand the transmission dynamics,we have reviewed the epidemiology of EVD to date.The absence of any licensed vaccines or approved drugs against Ebola virus(EBOV)further highlights the severity and crisis level of EVD.Some organizations(public and private)are making considerable efforts to develop novel therapeutic approaches or vaccines to contain the outbreak of EBOV shortly.Here,we summarized the various potential drugs and vaccines(undergoing multiple phases of clinical trials)that have arisen as an alternative against EBOV,and we highlighted the numerous issues and limitations hindering this process.Alternatively,an increasing focus on strengthening the medical and civic health structure could provide speedy benefits in containing the spread of EVD,as well as offer a resilient foundation for the deployment of novel drugs and vaccines to the affected countries,once such drugs and vaccines become available.

关键词： Ebola virus Vaccines Therapeutics Ebola outbreaks Diagnostics Epidemiology Haemorrhagic fever

Influence of spectral distribution on accommodation-vergence and reading performance

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Annals of Eye Science 2017年第1期2卷 127-132页

作者： Shiva Ram Male Rishi Bhardwaj chiranjib Majumder School of Medical Sciences University of HyderabadTelanganaIndia R J N School of Optometry GwaliorMadhya PradeshIndia

Background:To assess the influence of different spectral energy distribution on accommodation,vergence and reading performance.Methods:A Randomized experimental study was conducted after getting the approval of the Ethical Committee of University of Hyderabad.Forty participants with an age group of 18-21 years was integrated,out of which 50%was male and 50%was female.Subjects with emmetropia and no history of ocular pathology were included in the study.Near point of accommodation(NPA)&near point of convergence(NPC)was measured with the help of royal air force(RAF)ruler followed by near visual task of a readability passage.Results:A statistically significant result was obtained when reading rate,reading speed and NPC was compared among different spectral distribution of light(P<0.001)except NPA(P=0.43).Post hoc analysis showed a significant difference(P<0.001)when tungsten was compared with fluorescent light(FLOU),compact fluorescent light(CFL),and light emitting diode(LED)for reading rate,reading speed and NPC.But there is no noteworthy difference exist when fluorescent was compared with CFL for reading rate(P=0.530)&reading speed(P=0.595).Similarly,LED also showed no considerable difference when compared with CFL(P=0.682)and fluorescent(P=0.490)for NPC.When NPA was assessed within the group LED showed insignificant difference with CFL(P=0.205)and fluorescent(P=0.275)similar like fluorescent and tungsten(P=0.482).Conclusions:This study concluded that reading performance(reading rate and reading speed)and NPC has a significance change if we use inappropriate lighting during visual tasks.It will cause visual fatigue and strain after sustained near work.In addition,tungsten spectral energy influences the convergence which can also show an impact on reading and near visual tasks because of its brightness and miosis.Prolonged reading and working under this lighting can cause convergence disorders and visual fatigue.

关键词： Accommodation convergence reading rate reading speed readability spectral distribution correct word per minute(CWPM)

PPARγLBD and its ligand specificity reveal a selection of potential partial agonist:Molecular dynamics based T2D drug discovery initiative

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BIOCELL 2021年第4期45卷 953-961页

作者： BIDYUT MALLICK ASHISH RANJAN SHARMA MANOJIT BHATTACHARYA SANG-SOO LEE chiranjib CHAKRABORTY Department of Applied Science Galgotias College of Engineering and TechnologyKnowledge Park-IIGreater Noida201306India Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart HospitalChuncheon-si24252Korea Department of Zoology Fakir Mohan UniversityVyasa ViharBalasore756020India Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and BiotechnologyAdamas UniversityKolkata700126India

PPARγis a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)family protein and is a target for type 2 diabetes(T2D).In this paper,we have performed a molecular docking analysis between ligand molecules(CID9816265,CID11608015,CID20251380,CID20251343,CID20556263,CID624491,CID42609928,and CID86287562)and PPARγto determine the ligand specificity.It also helps to understand the ligand-binding domain(LBD)activity of PPARγduring the binding of the ligand.Further,a molecular dynamics simulation study was performed to determine the ligand biding stability in the PPARγLBD.Its ligand specificity informed us about the potentiality of selecting a partial agonist.The study also shows the binding conformation of Ceramicine B having hydrogen bonding affinity with a tricyclic polar head and stabilized theβ-sheet region.On the other hand,the tricyclic polar head of nimbolide also formed hydrogen bonding(Ser342),but it shows a lesser degree of stabilization in theβ-sheet region.It shows the binding conformation of partial agonist(PPARγ)in the Pocket-II of PPARγLBD,which has a significant role in stabilizing theβ-sheet region.It might help to regulate ERK/Cdk5 mediated phosphorylation of Ser245.The study helps us understand the valid pose of a set of ligands confirmation and target protein conformation using docking and molecular dynamics study.This in silico study will also help to initiate a drug discovery process of T2D.

关键词： PPARγ Partial agonist Molecular simulation T2D Drug discovery

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19) pandemic: A zoonotic prospective

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第6期13卷 242-246页

作者： chiranjib Chakraborty Ashish Ranjan Sharma Manojit Bhattacharya Garima Sharma Sang-Soo Lee Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and BiotechnologyAdamas UniversityBarasat-Barrackpore RdKolkataWest Bengal 700126India Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart HospitalChuncheon-si24252Gangwon-doRepublic of Korea Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program College of PharmacyKangwon National UniversityRepublic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),a novel coronavirus(CoV),has recently emerged as a significant pathogen for humans and the cause for the recent outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)throughout the globe.For developing any preventive measure,an understanding of the zoonotic pattern for this virus is a necessity.We should have a clear knowledge of its reservoir host,its distribution pattern and spreading routes.Information about zoonotic reservoirs and its transmission among them can help to understand the COVID-19 outbreaks.In this article,we discuss about the bats as the zoonotic reservoir of several CoV strains,co-existence of bats and CoV/viruses,the sequence similarity of SARS-CoV-2 with bat SARS-like CoV,the probable source of the origin of SARS-CoV-2 strain and COVID-19 outbreak,intermediate host of CoVs and SARS-CoV-2,human to human transmission and the possibility to maintain the zoonotic barriers.Our knowledge about the zoonotic reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission ability may help develop the preventive measures and control for the future outbreak of CoV.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Coronavirus Zoonotic reservoir

Zika:How safe is India?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 335-338页

作者： C.George Priya Doss R.Siva B.Prabhu Christopher chiranjib Chakraborty Hailong Zhu School of Biosciences and Technology VIT UniversityVelloreTamil Nadu 632014India VIT-BS VIT UniversityVelloreTamil Nadu 632014India Department of Bioinformatics School of Computer and Information SciencesGalgotias UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist University7 Baptist University RoadHong KongChina

Zika virus,which originated from a forest in Uganda,has affected countries in Africa,Latin America and Asia.Most people infected with Zika are asymptomatic and present with clinical manifestations ranging from mild fever to severe neurological disorders.Recent outbreaks in Southeast Asian countries,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has warned pregnant woman to avoid nonessential traveling to 11 Asian countries.Reports about the sexual transmission route of Zika have pushed the World Health Organization to declare it a‘public health emergency’.Having this current warning status,it has become mandatory to consider where second highly populated country India stands in terms of spreading awareness and taking precautionary measures against the Zika virus infection.Therefore,this paper aims to highlight the importance of Zika in Indian population by considering several indicators such as the population size and ratio,rates of mortality,closely related diseases,government initiatives,and other micro-level factors which are prone to Zika effects.

关键词： Zika virus Preventive measures India

Virtual screening of the inhibitors targeting at the viral protein 40 of Ebola virus

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 97-106页

作者： V.Karthick N.Nagasundaram C.George Priya Doss chiranjib Chakraborty R.Siva Aiping Lu Ge Zhang Hailong Zhu School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong Department of Integrative Biology School of Biosciences and TechnologyVIT UniversityVelloreTamil NaduIndia Department of Bioinformatics School of Computer and Information SciencesGalgotias UniversityNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Biosciences and TechnologyVIT UniversityVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Background:The Ebola virus is highly pathogenic and destructive to humans and other primates.The Ebola virus encodes viral protein 40(VP40),which is highly expressed and regulates the assembly and release of viral particles in the host cell.Because VP40 plays a prominent role in the life cycle of the Ebola virus,it is considered as a key target for antiviral treatment.However,there is currently no FDA-approved drug for treating Ebola virus infection,resulting in an urgent need to develop effective antiviral inhibitors that display good safety profiles in a short duration.Methods:This study aimed to screen the effective lead candidate against Ebola infection.First,the lead molecules were filtered based on the docking score.Second,Lipinski rule of five and the other drug likeliness properties are predicted to assess the safety profile of the lead candidates.Finally,molecular dynamics simulations was performed to validate the lead compound.Results:Our results revealed that emodin-8-beta-D-glucoside from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database(TCMD)represents an active lead candidate that targets the Ebola virus by inhibiting the activity of VP40,and displays good pharmacokinetic properties.Conclusion:This report will considerably assist in the development of the competitive and robust antiviral agents against Ebola infection.

关键词： Ebola VP40 Traditional Chinese Medicine Database Molecular docking Molecular dynamics