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早期膝骨关节炎诊断与非手术治疗指南(2024版)

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中华医学杂志 2024年第31期104卷 2895-2909页

作者：中国老年保健协会骨关节分会中国老年保健协会骨关节分会

膝骨关节炎(KOA)常见于中老年人群, 其典型症状为膝关节疼痛、畸形和活动受限。早期KOA(EKOA)概念模糊, 临床诊疗常被忽视。EKOA的诊断和有效防治有助于延缓病情进展, 降低中晚期KOA的发生率。为规范EKOA的临床诊疗, 中国老年保健协会... 详细信息

膝骨关节炎(KOA)常见于中老年人群, 其典型症状为膝关节疼痛、畸形和活动受限。早期KOA(EKOA)概念模糊, 临床诊疗常被忽视。EKOA的诊断和有效防治有助于延缓病情进展, 降低中晚期KOA的发生率。为规范EKOA的临床诊疗, 中国老年保健协会骨关节分会启动了EKOA非手术诊疗指南的制订工作, 遴选出临床医师最为关注的专业问题, 包括EKOA的定义、诊断、非手术治疗及策略, 最终形成了13条推荐意见, 旨在提高EKOA诊疗的水平和科学性, 进而延缓EKOA患者病情的进展, 提高患者生活质量, 减轻社会疾病负担。

关键词：骨关节炎, 膝早期膝骨关节炎诊断非手术治疗循证医学指南

Lithosphere types in North china:evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2, DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4, XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. Institute of Geology, chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, china 2. Development and Research center, china Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, china 3. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china 4. china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 5. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100812, china 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100029, china Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China Development and Research center China Geological Survey Beijing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China china University of Geosciences Wuhan China Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing China Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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综合医疗机构肺结核早期发现临床实践指南

中国防痨杂志 2024年第1期46卷 127-140页

作者：国家呼吸内科医疗质量控制中心中华医学会结核病学分会中国防痨协会结核病控制专业分会中日友好医院李燕明刘宇红张慧曹彬不详贵州省人民医院首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心中日友好医院

肺结核诊断延迟不仅造成患者个体的疾病进展和治疗困难,而且在群体层面导致结核病的持续传播。作为肺结核患者主要的首诊场所,综合医疗机构肺结核的早期发现对于实现“终止结核病流行”策略目标具有重要意义。国家呼吸内科医疗质量控制... 详细信息

肺结核诊断延迟不仅造成患者个体的疾病进展和治疗困难,而且在群体层面导致结核病的持续传播。作为肺结核患者主要的首诊场所,综合医疗机构肺结核的早期发现对于实现“终止结核病流行”策略目标具有重要意义。国家呼吸内科医疗质量控制中心、中华医学会结核病学分会、中国防痨协会结核病控制专业分会、中日友好医院共同组织专家,在借鉴世界卫生组织相关指南的基础上,补充国内外相关研究证据,结合我国结核病防治实践,制定了《综合医疗机构肺结核早期发现临床实践指南》。本指南系统总结了肺结核诊断技术的特点,提出了在综合医疗机构就诊的不同目标人群的肺结核筛查路径,为全国各级综合医疗机构进一步完善和优化肺结核早期发现提供循证证据和临床实践指引。

关键词：结核肺医院综合早期诊断总结性报告(主题)

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Some evidence of drying trend over northern china from 1951 to 2004

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chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第23期51卷 2913-2925页

作者： MA Zhuguo1,2 & FU Congbin1,2 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. START Regional center for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmos-pheric Physics, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China START Regional center for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over china were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern china in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern china was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest china and the central part of North china since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest china and the central part of North china in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast china, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern china, the western part of Northwest china is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest china, the central part of North china and Northeast china since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.

关键词：中国北方干燥趋向干旱索引气候背景

Procyanidins from grape seeds protect against phorbol ester-induced oxidative cellular and genotoxic damage

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第8期 109-115页

作者： Yin LU, Wan-zhou ZHAO, Zai CHANG, Wen-xing CHEN, Lin LIDepartment of Pharmacology, Marine Drug Research center, Nanjing University of Traditional chinese medicine,Nanjing 210029 Model Animal Research center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, china Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA

AIM: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of Vitis vinifera procyanidins (PAs) on carcinogen-induced oxidative stress. METHODS: The single cell gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay) was employed to detect DNA damage induced by the carcinogen phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). The release of hydrogen peroxidase from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was assayed by the horseradish peroxidase-mediated oxidation of phenol red. The microplate assay was used to detect the presence of oxidative products by means of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of liver mitochondria was assayed, based on the ability of SOD to inhibit the generation of superoxidate anions by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was determined by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. RESULTS: DNA of NIH3T3 cells was significantly damaged after addition of PMA. The length of the comet tail was observed ,while in normal cells the comet tail could not b

关键词： procyanidin antioxidation reactive oxygen species

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肺结节诊治中国专家共识(2024年版)

中华结核和呼吸杂志 2024年第8期47卷 716-729页

作者：中华医学会呼吸病学分会中国肺癌防治联盟专家组白春学陈良安白利杨达伟李为民张晓菊金发光不详复旦大学附属中山医院、上海市呼吸病研究所上海200032 解放军总医院陆军军医大学附属新桥医院四川大学附属华西医院河南省人民医院空军军医大学第二附属医院

肺癌发病率与病死率在我国居恶性肿瘤之首,目前我国肺癌5年生存率为19.7%,肺癌Ⅰ期患者5年生存率可达77%~92%,肺癌早期诊断和治疗是提高肺癌5年生存率、改善患者预后的关键。为此中华医学会呼吸病学分会肺癌学组、中国肺癌防治联盟组织... 详细信息

肺癌发病率与病死率在我国居恶性肿瘤之首,目前我国肺癌5年生存率为19.7%,肺癌Ⅰ期患者5年生存率可达77%~92%,肺癌早期诊断和治疗是提高肺癌5年生存率、改善患者预后的关键。为此中华医学会呼吸病学分会肺癌学组、中国肺癌防治联盟组织专家于2015年制定了《肺部结节诊治中国专家共识》,2018年对该共识进行了更新,形成了《肺结节诊治中国专家共识(2018年版)》,并在中国肺癌防治联盟肺结节诊治分中心推广,提出“智能救治百万早期肺癌工程”,规范和提高了我国肺结节暨早期肺癌诊治水平。在此背景下,根据近年来中国肺癌防治联盟肺结节诊治分中心的推广经验,更新现有的文献证据,对该共识进行第三次修订和更新,形成了《肺结节诊治中国专家共识(2024年版)》。本次共识更新内容主要包括以下几个方面:(1)根据我国国情界定我国肺癌高危人群筛查年龄;(2)提出难定性肺结节定义以避免延误诊断和治疗;(3)对人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)影像辅助诊断系统评估肺结节以科学评价,并提出人机MDT以避免AI的局限性;(4)将肺结节评估分为常规和个体化评估,基于循证医学证据对于不同类型和大小肺结节管理细则给予了推荐。本共识共形成18条推荐意见指导肺结节暨肺癌早期诊治临床实践,以规范和提高我国肺结节暨早期肺癌的诊治水平,提高肺癌5年生存率、改善患者预后。

关键词：早期肺癌肺癌发病率中国专家共识中华医学会肺结节肺部结节管理细则推荐意见

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老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合诊疗指南

中国骨质疏松杂志 2024年第7期30卷 937-946页

作者：《老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合诊疗指南》工作组史晓林刘康不详浙江中医药大学附属第二医院浙江杭州310005

随着我国人口老龄化日益严重,老年性骨质疏松症已成为严重影响老年人群健康的慢病之一。中西医结合治疗可以取长补短、优化诊疗方案、提高诊疗效果,近年来在老年性骨质疏松症的临床和科研中的应用越来越广。为了更好地规范中西医结合疗... 详细信息

随着我国人口老龄化日益严重,老年性骨质疏松症已成为严重影响老年人群健康的慢病之一。中西医结合治疗可以取长补短、优化诊疗方案、提高诊疗效果,近年来在老年性骨质疏松症的临床和科研中的应用越来越广。为了更好地规范中西医结合疗法在老年性骨质疏松症诊疗中的应用,中华中医药学会骨质疏松防治发展共同体联合浙江中医药大学附属第二医院,依据循证医学标准,组织多学科专家形成指南制订专家组,经过指南立项与注册、临床问题筛选与确定、证据检索及评价、推荐意见形成等流程,制订老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合诊疗指南。该指南涵盖了老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合诊断及治疗,旨在规范和提高我国老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合的临床诊疗水平,保障我国老年人群的健康。

关键词：老年性骨质疏松症中西医结合诊断治疗指南

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2023中国临床实践指南:雄激素性脱发诊断与治疗

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中华整形外科杂志 2024年第1期40卷 1-20页

作者：中华医学会整形外科学分会中国雄激素性脱发诊断与治疗指南制订工作组整形美容专业国家级医疗质量控制中心中国整形美容协会毛发医学分会中国女医师协会整形美容专业委员会张菊芳吴文育牛冬龙笑程含皛林尽染戚吉妮沈海燕赵钧周易周圳滔不详西湖大学医学院附属杭州市第一人民医院医疗美容科杭州310006 复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科上海200040 浙江农林大学动物科技学院、动物医学院杭州311300 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院整形外科北京100032 浙江中医药大学第五临床医学院湖州市中心医院整形外科西湖大学医学院附属杭州市第一人民医院医疗美容科浙江省皮肤病医院皮肤二科

雄激素性脱发发病率逐年增高并呈现低龄化的趋势, 困扰着众多患者。对于雄激素性脱发的治疗, 近年来出现了很多新方式和思路, 因此雄激素性脱发的治疗策略需要随之更新;另外, 随着近年来毛发行业的发展, 大量的从业者涌入雄激素性脱发... 详细信息

雄激素性脱发发病率逐年增高并呈现低龄化的趋势, 困扰着众多患者。对于雄激素性脱发的治疗, 近年来出现了很多新方式和思路, 因此雄激素性脱发的治疗策略需要随之更新;另外, 随着近年来毛发行业的发展, 大量的从业者涌入雄激素性脱发诊治的相关岗位, 因此需要经过证实的指南来进行指引。指南制订工作组遴选了有关临床问题, 经过证据检索、专家论证, 形成了相关推荐意见, 以期能够进一步规范雄激素性脱发的治疗决策。

关键词：脱发雄激素性脱发整形外科指南

玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤诊断及推荐治疗中国专家共识(2024年版)

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中华实验眼科杂志 2024年第3期42卷 209-218页

作者：中国抗癌协会眼肿瘤专家委员会中国医药教育学会眼科专家委员会周楠魏文斌不详首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院、北京同仁眼科中心、眼内肿瘤诊治研究北京市重点实验室北京市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室北京100730

玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤(VRL)是一类少见的、高级别(即侵袭性)的淋巴结外淋巴瘤,其临床表现缺乏特异性,诊断困难,治疗策略不一致,对患者视力和生存均不利,也进一步限制了该领域的发展。中国抗癌协会眼肿瘤专委会和中国医药教育学会眼科专委... 详细信息

玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤(VRL)是一类少见的、高级别(即侵袭性)的淋巴结外淋巴瘤,其临床表现缺乏特异性,诊断困难,治疗策略不一致,对患者视力和生存均不利,也进一步限制了该领域的发展。中国抗癌协会眼肿瘤专委会和中国医药教育学会眼科专委会专家针对国内VRL领域实际情况,参考国内外最新研究数据和建议,经反复讨论,制定《玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤诊断及推荐治疗中国专家共识(2024年版)》。该共识围绕VRL的临床表现、辅助检查、诊断流程、鉴别诊断、治疗及随访策略等方面分别给出意见,为临床医生诊断和治疗VRL提供参考,以进一步提高我国VRL的诊疗水平。

关键词：玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤诊疗规范共识