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Exosomes as promising frontier approaches in future cancer therapy

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 28-33页

作者： Fatt-Yang Chew chin-hung tsai Kuang-Hsi Chang Yu-Kang Chang Ruey-Hwang Chou Yi-Jui Liu Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Radiology School of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Cancer Center Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Department of Chest Medicine Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402TaiwanChina Department of Medical Research Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Center for General Education China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina General Education Center Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina Department of Nursing Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung 413TaiwanChina Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407TaiwanChina

In this editorial,we will discuss the article by Tang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** explored an innovative approach to enhancing gemcitabine(GEM)delivery and efficacy using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(HU-BMSCs)-derived *** manufacture of GEM-loaded HU-BMSCs-derived exosomes(Exo-GEM)has been *** Tang et al’s study demonstrated that Exo-GEM exhibits enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing effects compared to free GEM,highlighting the potential of exosome-based drug delivery systems as a more effective and targeted approach to chemotherapy in pancreatic *** in vivo studies are required to confirm the safety and effectiveness of Exo-GEM before it can be considered for clinical use.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes Gemcitabine Pancreatic cancer Apoptosis

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Real-world effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals in people living with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus genotype 6 infections

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第11期28卷 1172-1183页

作者： Hsin-Yun Sun Chien-Yu Cheng Chi-Ying Lin Chia-Jui Yang Nan-Yao Lee Bo-Huang Liou hung-Jen Tang Yuang-Meng Liu Chun-Yuan Lee Tun-Chieh Chen Yi-Chia Huang Yuan-Ti Lee Ming-Jui tsai Po-Liang Lu hung-chin tsai Ning-Chi Wang Tung-Che hung Shu-Hsing Cheng Chien-ching hung Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei 100225TaiwanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Taoyuan General HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaoyuan 330215TaiwanChina School of Public Health National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin BranchYun-Lin County 640203TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial HospitalNew Taipei City 220216TaiwanChina School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304TaiwanChina Department of Medicine National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 704302TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Hsinchu MacKay Memorial HospitalHsin-Chu 300044TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical CenterTainan 710402TaiwanChina Department of Health and Nutrition Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and SciencesTainan 717301TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 500209TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807378TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung HospitalKaohsiung 801735TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Biomedical Park BranchHsin-Chu 302058TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 402306TaiwanChina School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 402306TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807377TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung 813414TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defen

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 6(HCV-6)infection is prevalent predominantly in Southeast Asia,and the data on the virologic response of HCV-6 to direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)are sparse in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)(PLWH).AIM To assess the virologic response of HCV-6 to DAAs in *** From September 2016 to July 2019,PLWH coinfected with HCV-6 initiating DAAs were *** investigations were performed at baseline,the end of treatment,and 12 wk *** Of the 349 PLWH included(mean age 48.9 years,82.5%men),80.5%comprised people who inject drugs,18.1%men who have sex with men,and 1.4%*** hepatitis B virus infection was present in 12.3%of the included PLWH,liver cirrhosis 10.9%,hepatocellular carcinoma 0.9%,and previous HCV treatment experience 10.9%.The mean baseline plasma HCV RNA was 6.2 log10 IU/m *** with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir was initiated in 51.9%,sofosbuvir/ledipasvir 41.5%,sofosbuvir/velpatasvir 6.3%,and sofosbuvir/daclatasvir 0.3%.At DAA initiation,antiretroviral therapy containing tenofovir alafenamide was given in 26.4%,tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 34.4%,non-tenofovir alafenamide/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 39.3%,non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors 30.4%,protease inhibitors 4.0%,and integrase strand transfer inhibitors 66.8%;94.8%of the included patients had CD4 counts≥200 cells/mm3 and 96.0%had plasma HIV RNA<50 copies/m ***,96.8%achieved undetectable plasma HCV RNA(<30 IU/m L)at end of treatment;and 92.3%achieved sustained virologic response 12 wk off-therapy in the intention-to-treat analysis(93.5%in patients receiving sofosbuvir-based DAAs and 91.2%in those receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir).CONCLUSION Similar to the observation made in HIV-negative patients,sustained virologic response 12 wk offtherapy with DAAs is high in PLWH coinfected with HCV-6.

关键词： Viral hepatitis End-of-treatment response Sustained virologic response People who inject drugs Antiretroviral therapy Tenofovir

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A Novel Probe-Based Ultraweak Chemiluminescence Technique for the Detection of A Set of Four Oxygen-Derived Free Radicals and Their Application in Assessing Radical-Scavenging Abilities of Antioxidant Mixtures or Purified Compounds

A Novel Probe-Based Ultraweak Chemiluminescence Technique fo...

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第六届全国自由基生物学与自由基医学学术会议和海峡两岸自由基生物学与自由基医学学术会议

作者： chin-hung tsai, Chih-Wei Chen and Tsan-Zon Liu Department of Food Nutrition, Chung-Hwa Institute of Technology, Tainan Center for Gerontological Research and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan

A probe-based ultraweak chemiluminescence (CL) technique capable of measuring the production of a set of four oxygen derived free radicals performed by same CL analyzer is described. First, the selected radical-generating system and their corresponding CL-probing emitters are: (1) methylglyoxal + arginine/lucigenin for superoxide (O2-);(2) H2O2 + Fe2+ (Fenton reagent)/indoxyl-β-glucuronide (IBG) for hydroxyl radical ( OH);(3) 2, 2’- A/o- bis (2-amidinopropane) (ABAP)/luminal for peroxyl radical (ROO ) and H2O2/luminal for hydrogen peroxide [a radical-producing precursor or reactive oxygen species (ROS)]. Second, this methodology has been demonstrated to be versatile for the assessment of radical-scavenging abilities of food extracts, herbal preparations as well as purified antioxidant compounds. Finally, a specific example for assessing radical-scavenging abilities of O2-, H2O2,·OH and ROO by aqueous extracts of Cordycepts sinensis is given to illustrate its practical applications.

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PD-YOLO:Colon Polyp Detection Model Based on Enhanced Small-Target Feature Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 913-928页

作者： Yicong Yu Kaixin Lin Jiajun Hong Rong-Guei tsai Yuanzhi Huang New Engineering Industry College Putian UniversityPutian351100China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application in Private Health Medicine(Putian University) Fujian Province UniversityPutian351100China Computer College Guangdong University of Science&TechnologyDongguan523668China

In recent years,the number of patientswith colon disease has increased *** polyps are the precursor lesions of colon *** not diagnosed in time,they can easily develop into colon cancer,posing a serious threat to patients’lives and health.A colonoscopy is an important means of detecting colon ***,in polyp imaging,due to the large differences and diverse types of polyps in size,shape,color,etc.,traditional detection methods face the problem of high false positive rates,which creates problems for doctors during the diagnosis *** order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of colon polyp detection,this question proposes a network model suitable for colon polyp detection(PD-YOLO).This method introduces the self-attention mechanism CBAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module)in the backbone layer based on YOLOv7,allowing themodel to adaptively focus on key information and ignore the unimportant *** help themodel do a better job of polyp localization and bounding box regression,add the SPD-Conv(Symmetric Positive Definite Convolution)module to the neck layer and use deconvolution instead of *** results indicate that the PD-YOLO algorithm demonstrates strong robustness in colon polyp *** to the original YOLOv7,on the Kvasir-SEG dataset,PD-YOLO has shown an increase of 5.44 percentage points in AP@0.5,showcasing significant advantages over other mainstream methods.

关键词： Polyp detection YOLOv7 SPD-Conv CBAM deconvolution

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Diffusion characteristics of HTO and 99TcO_4^- in compacted Gaomiaozi(GMZ) bentonite

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第5期28卷 60-67页

作者： Tsuey-Lin tsai Shih-chin tsai Yu-hung Shih Liang-Cheng Chen Chuan-Pin Lee Te-Yen Su Chemistry Division Institute of Nuclear Energy ResearchNo. 1000 Wenhua Rd. Jiaan Village Longtan DistrictTaoyuan China Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu China Department of Earth Sciences National Cheng Kung University No. 1 University Road Tainan China

The characteristics of diffusion are essential to the transport of radionuclides through buffer/backfill materials, such as bentonite, which are commonly found in waste repositories. This study used through-diffusion techniques to investigate the diffusion behavior of HTO and ^(99)TcO_4^- on GMZ bentonite of various densities. Diffusion rates were calculated by measuring the diffusion coefficients(De, Da), plotting breakthrough curves and interpreting experiment data. The apparent and effective diffusion coefficients of HTO ranged from(1.68 ± 0.40) 9 × 10^(-11) to(2.80 ± 0.62) 9 × 10^(-11) m^2/s and from(4.61 ±1.28) 9 × 10^(-12) to (16.2 ± 2.50) 9 × 10^(-12) m^2/s, *** apparent and effective diffusion coefficients of^(99)TcO_4^-ranged from(5.26 ± 0.16) 9 × 10^-12to(7.78 ± 0.43) 9× 10^-12m^2/s and from(1.49 ± 0.002) 9 × 10^(-12) to(4.16 ±0.07) 9 × 10^(-12) m^2/s, respectively. The distribution coefficients of HTO and^(99)TcO_4^-ranged from(0.70 ± 0.12) 9× 10^(-2) to(1.36 ± 0.53) 9 × 10^(-2) mL/g and from(1.12 ±0.06) 9 × 10^(-2) to(5.79 ± 2.22) 9 × 10^(-2) mL/g, *** Deand Kdvalues were shown to decrease with an increase in the bulk dry density of compacted bentonite. Our results show that HTO and ^(99)Tc could be considered nonsorbent radionuclides. The data obtained in this studyprovide a valuable reference for the safety assessment of waste repositories.

关键词： Distribution coefficient Apparent diffusion coefficient Effective diffusion coefficient Compacted bentonite Through-diffusion

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Stimulatory effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde on norepinephrine secretion in cultured pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第12期21卷 119-123页

作者： tsai chin-Chuan china Medical College Department of Traditional Medicine School of Post-Baccalaureate chinese Medicine Taichung City Taiwan 40401

AIM: The effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde (CNMA) on the release of norepinephrine (NE) from nerve terminal was investigated using rat pheochromocytoma 12 (PC-12) cells. METHODS: The amount of NA released from PC-12 cells incubated with CNMA or related substances was quantified by high performance liquid chromatogra-phy (HPLC)-electrochemical detection. The lipophilic anion bisoxonol was used to monitor the effect of CNMA on the membrane potential. RESULTS: CNMA stimulated the secretion of NE in a concentration-dependent manner from 5 μmol/L to 50 μmol/L, while the value of lactate dehydrogenase in the incubated medium was not influenced by CNMA. However, acetaldehyde, cinnam-ic acid, cinnamoyl chloride and cinnamamide failed to produce similar effect. The action of CNMA can thus be considered specific. The depolarizing effect of CNMA on the membrane potential was also illustrated by a concentration-dependent increase in the fluorescence of bisoxonol , a potential-sensitive dye. Saxitoxin attenuated the

关键词： PC12 cells cinnamaldehyde bisox-onol saxitoxin 4-aminopyridine norepinephrine

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Insulin resistance is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第18期16卷 2265-2271页

作者： Chao-hung hung Jing-Houng Wang Tsung-Hui Hu Chien-hung Chen Kuo-chin Chang Yi-Hao Yen Yuanhung Kuo Ming-Chao tsai Chuan-Mo Lee Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical CenterChang Gung University College of Medicine

AIM:To elucidate the role of insulin resistance(IR) and serum adiponectin level in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) associated with chronic hepatitis ***:Clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected from 165 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed *** model assessment of IR(HOMA-IR) and serum adiponectin level were investigated in 188 patients with different stages of hepatitis C virus(HCV) ***:Among HCC patients,type 2 diabetics(DM) was more prevalent in HCV subjects(35.6%,n = 59) compared to hepatitis B virus(HBV;12.7%,n = 63) or non-HBV,non-HCV cases(7.1%,n = 28).In patients with chronic hepatitis C,HCC subjects had higher blood sugar(P < 0.001),insulin level(P = 0.003) and HOMAIR(P = 0.018) than those with chronic hepatitis and advanced ***,male sex and body mass index were significantly associated with serum adiponectin level,whereas HOMA-IR was *** on stepwise logistic regression analysis,age(OR:1.124,P < 0.001),serum insulin level(OR:1.585,P < 0.001),HOMA-IR(OR:0.495,P = 0.001),DM(OR:11.601,P = 0.002) and male sex(OR:3.877,P = 0.016) were independently associated with *** result was similar even if the diabetic subjects were excluded for ***:Insulin resistance measured by HOMAIR,regardless of the presence of diabetes,is significantly associated with HCC development in patients with chronic HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Insulin resistance Diabetes Adiponectin

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CD14 promoter polymorphism in chinese alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of liver and acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6043-6048页

作者： Hsin-hung Huang tsai-Yuan Hsieh Division of Gastroenterology

AIM： To investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphism of the CD14 promoter and the occurrence of alcoholic cirrhosis and alcoholic pancreatitis, and to challenge the conclusion made earlier that the patients with acute alcoholic pancreatitis and patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of liver are two different subpopulations. METHODS： Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method, we determined the polymorphism of CD14 gene and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene 2 （ALDH 2） in 335 alcoholic patients with different organ complications i.e., cirrhosis of liver （n = 100）, acute pancreatitis （n = 100）, esophageal cancer （n = 82） and avascular necrosis of hip joint （AVN）（n = 53） and 194 non-alcoholic controls in a chinese group. RESULTS： The results showed that the carriage of T allele was not different among alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of liver, alcoholic patients with other complication and non-alcoholic controls. On the other hand, the carriage of the C allele was significantly more prevalent for alcoholic pancreatitis than for esophageal cancer （0.79 vs 0.60, P〈0.001）, alcoholic AVN （0.79 vsO.65, P〈0.025） and nonalcoholic controls （0.79 vs 0.68, P〈0.025）. Furthermore, when only subjects with ALDH2 1-1 genotype were examined, the C allele frequency was significantly more prevalent for alcoholic pancreatitis than for alcoholic liver cirrhosis （0.82 vs 0.69, P〈0.025）, esophageal cancer （0.82 vs 0.61, P〈0.01）, alcoholic AVN （0.82 vs 0.64, P〈0.01） and non-alcoholic controls （0.82 vs0.69, P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： The C allele may be associated with some mechanism, which is important in the pathogenesis of alcoholic pancreatitis, and that alcoholic patients with acute pancreatitis and cirrhosis of liver are probably two different subpopulations.

关键词： CD14 promoter Polymorphism Alcoholic patients

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Functional Design of A Series of Submerged Breakwaters for Coastal Protection Against Waves

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china Ocean Engineering 2010年第3期24卷 553-564页

作者： Li-hung tsai Chih-Chung WEN Center of Harbor and Marine Technology Institute of TransportationMinistry of Transportation and Communications Department of Safety Health and Environmental EngineeringHungkuang University

The purpose of this paper is to develop a functional method for designing a series of submerged breakwaters on practical topography. The method is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of Bragg breakwaters for coastal protection by using field topography. The first part of this paper provides definitions and procedures needed in the design process for applying the mechanism of Bragg reflection. Next, Bragg breakwaters are designed on the basis of the cross-sectional topography and then on the plane topography of the Mi-Tuo coast by following the proposed process and procedure. Numerical modeling （Hsu et al., 2003; Wen and tsai, 2008） was used as a design and assessment tool. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of a Bragg breakwater was assessed by practical cases. Based on the mechanism of Bragg reflection, an optimum layout for a series of submerged breakwaters is proposed to protect the Mi-Tuo coast. The results indicate that the proper layout of a series of submerged creakwaters can achieve the objective of beach protection.

关键词： a series of submerged breakwaters Bragg reflection coastal protection

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Numerical Simulation of Bragg Reflection Based on Linear Waves Propagation over A Series of Rectangular Seabed

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china Ocean Engineering 2008年第1期22卷 71-86页

作者： Chih-Chung WEN Li-hung tsai Department of Environmental Engineering Hungkuang University Center of Harbor and Marine Technology Institute of TransportationMinistry of Transportation and Communications

A numerical model, Evolution Equation of Mild-Slope Equation （EEMSE） developed by Hsu et al. （2003）, was applied to study the Bragg reflection of water waves over a series of rectangular seabed. Three key parameters of the Bragg reflection including the peak coefficient of primary Bragg reflection, its corresponding relative wavelength, and the bandwidth, have shown to be effective in describing the characteristics of the primary Bragg reflection. The characteristics of the Bragg reflection were investigated under the various conditions comprising number, height, and spacing interval of a series of rectangular seabed. The results reveal that the peak of Bragg reflection increases with the increase of rectangular seabed height and number, the bandwidth and the shift value of the Bragg reflection depend on the increase of the rectangular seabed height as well as the decrease of rectangular seabed number, and the relative rectangular seabed spacing in the rang of 3 and 4 could produce higher Bragg reflection. Finally, a correlative and regressive analysis is performed by use of the calculated data. Based on the results of the analysis, empirical equations were established. Our study results can provide an appropriate choice of a series of rectangular seabed field for a practical design.

关键词： Bragg reflection mild-slope equation rectangular seabed bandwidth of the Bragg reflection rapidly varying component

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