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Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue:an overview

Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 205-236页

作者： chang Peng Jun chen Rui Wu Haowen Jiang Jia Li Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310000China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Department of Prosthodontics Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology&Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China

Macrophages,a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells,exhibit remarkable plasticity and play pivotal roles in coordinating immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis within the context of metabolic *** activation of inflammatory macrophages in obese adipose tissue leads to detrimental effects,inducing insulin resistance through increased inflammation,impaired thermogenesis,and adipose tissue ***,adipose tissue macrophages also play a beneficial role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating angiogenesis,facilitating the clearance of dead adipocytes,and promoting mitochondrial *** the heterogeneity of macrophages in obese adipose tissue is crucial for unraveling the pathogenesis of obesity and holds significant potential for targeted therapeutic ***,the dual effects and some potential regulatory mechanisms of macrophages in adipose tissue have been elucidated using single-cell *** this review,we present a comprehensive overview of the intricate activation mechanisms and diverse functions of macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity,as well as explore the potential of drug delivery systems targeting macrophages,aiming to enhance the understanding of current regulatory mechanisms that may be potentially targeted for treating obesity or metabolic diseases.

关键词： obesity inflammation adipose tissue macrophages adipose tissue homeostasis

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Near-infrared non-fused electron acceptors for efficient organic photovoltaics

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chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 436-441页

作者： Wenxiang Ma Xinyu He Tianyi chen De-Li Ma Hongzheng chen chang-Zhi Li State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Developing narrow-bandgap organic semiconductors is important to facilitate the advancement of organic photovoltaics(OPVs). Herein, two near-infrared non-fused ring acceptors(NIR NFRAs), PTBFTT-F and PTBFTT-Cl have been developed with A-π_A-π_D-D-π_D-π_A-A non-fused structures. It is revealed that the introduction of electron deficient π-bridge(π_A) and multiple intramolecular noncovalent interactions effectively retained the structural planarity and intramolecular charge transfer of NFRAs, extending strong NIR photon absorption up to 950 nm. Further, the chlorinated acceptor, with the enlarged π-surface compared to the fluorinated counterpart, promoted not only molecular stacking in solid, but also the desirable photochemical stability in ambient, which are helpful to thereby improve the exciton and charge dynamics for the corresponding OPVs. Overall, this work provides valuable insights into the design of NIR organic semiconductors.

关键词： Organic photovoltaic Near-infrared Non-fused electron acceptor Noncovalent interaction Stability

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Loading capacity and emulsification phenomena of HREE extraction by dialkylphosphinic acids with different β,γ,δ-substituents

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 191-199,I0007页

作者： Junlian Wang Guodong Xu Wen Xu Jianguo Cui Yufu chen Ziyong chang School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines Beijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou014030China

The relationship between dialkylphosphinic acid structure and their loading capacity for HREEs and emulsification phenomena has rarely been *** this paper,we took Lu extraction as an example to study the effect of β,γ,δ-substituents of dialkylphosphinic acids on their loading capacity and anti-emulsification performance for *** discuss conveniently,the dialkylphosphinic acids were classified into two groups:β-substituent group(P208,INET-1,P218,USTB-1 and P227)and γ,δ-substituent group(P218,P2132 and Cyanex 272).For β-substituent group extractants,their loading capacities are in the order P208(299.7 mg/L)≈INET-1(299.5 mg/L)>P218(270.8 mg/L)>>USTB-1(163.1 mg/L)>P227(151.4 mg/L),while their anti-emulsification/gelation performances are just in the opposite order P227>USTB-1>P218>P208≈INET-1 under the studied *** γ,δ-substituent group extractants,their loading capacities are in the order P218(270.8 mg/L)>P2132(192.3 mg/L)>Cyanex272(131.7 mg/L),while the anti-emulsification performance of P218 is better than those of P2132 and Cyanex *** loading capacity data given in the parentheses are obtained through repeatedly extracting Lu from ~4×10^(-4)mol/L of Lu aqueous feed solution with initial pH of 2.40 by 0.01 mol/L extractant at phase ratio A/O of 1:1.

关键词： Heavy rare earth element Dialkylphosphinic acid Extraction Loading capacity Emulsification

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Deep learning-based optical aberration estimation enables offline digital adaptive optics and super-resolution imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 474-484页

作者： chang QIAO HAOYU chen RUN WANG TAO JIANG YUWANG WANG DONG LI Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryCAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Optical aberrations degrade the performance of fluorescence *** adaptive optics(AO)leverages specific devices,such as the Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor and deformable mirror,to measure and correct optical ***,conventional AO requires either additional hardware or a more complicated imaging procedure,resulting in higher cost or a lower acquisition *** this study,we proposed a novel space-frequency encoding network(SFE-Net)that can directly estimate the aberrated point spread functions(PSFs)from biological images,enabling fast optical aberration estimation with high accuracy without engaging extra optics and image *** showed that with the estimated PSFs,the optical aberration can be computationally removed by the deconvolution ***,to fully exploit the benefits of SFE-Net,we incorporated the estimated PSF with neural network architecture design to devise an aberration-aware deeplearning super-resolution model,dubbed *** demonstrated that the combination of SFE-Net and SFT-DFCAN enables instant digital AO and optical aberration-aware super-resolution reconstruction for live-cell imaging.

关键词： optics resolution enable

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A buffer overflow detection and defense method based on RiSC-V instruction set extension

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 28-43页

作者： chang Liu Yan-Jun Wu Jing-Zheng Wu chen Zhao Intelligent Software Research Center Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina University of chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Buffer overflow poses a serious threat to the memory security of modern operating *** overwrites the con-tents of other memory areas by breaking through the buffer capacity limit,destroys the system execution environ-ment,and provides implementation space for various system attacks such as program control flow *** makes it a wide range of harms.A variety of security technologies have been proposed to deal with system security problems including buffer *** example,No eXecute(NX for short)is a memory management technology commonly used in Harvard *** can refuse the execution of code which residing in a specific memory,and can effectively suppress the abnormal impact of buffer overflow on control ***,in recent years,it has also been used in the field of system security,deriving a series of solutions based on NX technology,such as ExecShield,DEP,StackGuard,***,these security solutions often rely too much on the processor archi-tecture so that the protection coverage is insufficient and the accuracy is *** in the emerging system architecture field represented by RiSC-V,there is still a lack of effective solutions for buffer overflow *** the continuous rapid development of the system architecture,it is urgent to develop defense methods that are applicable to different system application environments and oriented to all executable memory spaces to meet the needs of system security ***,we propose BOP,A new system memory security design method based on RISC-V extended instructions,to build a RISC-V buffer overflow detection and defense system and deal with the buffer overflow threat in *** to this method,NX technology can be combined with program control flow analysis,and Nx bit mechanism can be used to manage the executability of memory space,so as to achieve a more granular detection and defense of buffer overflow attacks that may occur in RISC-V system

关键词： RISc-V Operating system security Buffer overflow Control flow hijacking Nx bit Xibop

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Effect of cerium alloying on microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of magnesium during cold-rolling process

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 1001-1008,I0007页

作者： Zhen Zhang Huanhuan chen Shiju Cao Jinhua Peng Peng Guo chang Long Shan Wang chang chen Yong Wu Ji'an Huang Xiaodong Du Haigen Wei School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China NationalLocal Joint Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Materials and Processing Technology Hefei230009China Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Material and Processing Engineering of Anhui Province Hefei230009China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212003China Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China

Hot-extrusion and cold-rolling were conducted on Mg-Ce binary alloys to explore the effect of cerium(Ce)on microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of Mg *** addition of Ce results in significant grain refinement both in as-cast and hot-extruded *** basal texture is also weakened after extrusion and an inclined basal texture is formed with Ce *** strength and elongation of the Mg-Ce alloys are improved simultaneously due to such grain refinement and texture weakening *** cold-rolling,plenty of twins are found in the pure Mg and AZ31 plates while grains in the Mg-0.3Ce plate deform more uniformly without lamellar twin ***,Mg-0.3Ce alloys own strong and continuous strain hardening because Ce atoms and Mg-Ce precipitated phases serve as obstacles for dislocation slip.

关键词： Mg-Ce alloys Hot extrusion Cold-rolling Rare earths

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Realizing the excellent oxidation resistance of an environmental barrier coating through aluminum surface modification

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 976-986页

作者： Lin Dong Wen-Qi Yang Lin chen Guan-Jun Yang chang-Jiu Li State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Xi’an Aerospace Engine Company Limited in china Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Xi’an 710065China

The lifetime of Si-based environmental barrier coatings(EBCs)is constrained by thermally grown SiO_(2)oxidelayer(SiO_(2)-TGO),which can cause premature cracking and *** address this issue,a new approach for surfacemodification using aluminum is *** oxidation performance was examined in a 50 vol%H_(2)O-50 vol%O_(2)environment at 1350℃for up to 300 *** results indicate that a dense ytterbium aluminum garnet(YbAG)layer wasformed after modification,decreasing the porosity by 80%.Due to the elimination of fast diffusion channels and the lowoxygen permeability of YbAG,aluminum modification significantly reduced the growth rate of SiO_(2)-TGO by nearly twoorders of ***,its thickness decreased by more than 70%after 300 h of exposure.A diffusioncontrolled oxidation mechanism indicates that the modified dense surface is equivalent to an initial SiO_(2)layer with a specificthickness,causing a shift in the oxidation time and increasing the oxidation *** research provides valuableinsights for designing Si-based EBC with improved lifetimes.

关键词： environmental barrier coating(EBC) oxidation modification diffusion cracking

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Enhancement of low-temperature toughness of Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy by rare earth Ce-modified inclusions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 157-173页

作者： Guang-kai Yang chang-ling Zhuang Yi-zhuang Li chen Hu Shao-bo Li College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina

Fe-Mn-C-Al alloys have been recognized as promising materials for certain low-temperature applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties and ***,their limited low-temperature toughness restricts their large-scale applications in specific *** influence of trace amounts of rare earth cerium(Ce)on the low-temperature toughness of Fe-18Mn-0.6C-1.8Al alloys was *** addition of Ce effectively alters the inclu-sions in the alloy,transforming large-sized irregular inclusions into fine ellipsoidal rare earth *** leads to a significant reduction in both the proportion and average size of the inclusions,resulting in their effective dispersion throughout the matrix and improved cryogenic *** presence of Ce-containing inclusions within the matrix reduces stress concentration,thereby inhibiting microcrack formation and improving impact absorption ***-cally,the addition of rare earth Ce alters the fracture behavior of the material at room temperature and low temperature,changing from brittle cleavage fracture to a more ductile failure *** impact toughness of the Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy is significantly improved by the addition of 0.0048 wt.%Ce,particularly at-196℃where the impact toughness reaches 103.6 J/cm^(2),representing an impressive improvement of 87.3%.

关键词： Fe-Mn-C-Al alloy Rare earth Low-temperature toughness Inclusion Fracture

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Benefit of aerosol reduction to winter wheat during china's clean air action:A case study of Henan Province

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 90-101页

作者： Yang Bai Pengfei Zhao Xueyang chen Lijun Wang Wenjuan chang Jianzhong Guo Jiayao Wang College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatio-Temporal Big Data Henan UniversityZhengzhou 475000China Henan Technology Innovation Center of Spatio-Temporal Big Data Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475000China

A strongly declining aerosol radiative effect has been observed in china since 2013 after implementing the clean air action,yet its impact on wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production remains *** use satellite measures and a biophysical crop model to assess the impact of aerosol-induced radiative perturbations on winter wheat production in the agricultural belt of Henan province from 2013 to *** calibrating parameters with the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test(EFAST)and the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation(GLUE)method,the DSSAT CERES-Wheat model was able to simulate crop biomass and yield more *** found that the aerosol negatively impacted wheat biomass by 21.87%and yield by 22.48%from 2006 to 2018,and the biomass effects from planting to anthesis were more significant compared to anthesis to *** to the strict clean air action,under all-sky conditions,the surface solar shortwave radiation(SSR)in 2018 increased by about 7.08%over 2006-2013 during the wheat growing *** a result of the improvement of crop photosynthesis,winter wheat biomass and yield increased by an average of 5.46%and 2.9%,*** findings show that crop carbon uptake and yield will benefit from the clean air action in china,helping to ensure national food and health security.

关键词： Haze pollution Clean air action Aerosol-induced radiative perturbation Wheat production DSSAT model

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Enhanced mechanical property by introducing bimodal grains structures in Cu-Ta alloys fabricated by mechanical alloying

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 104-112页

作者： Ningyu Li Yongqin chang Mingyang Li Yuxiang chen Xinrui Luo Shichao Pei Fan Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co.Ltd Xi’an 710016China

Dispersion-strengthened copper alloys can achieve ultra-high strength,but usually at the expense of *** this study,a strategy for overcoming strength-ductility tradeoffof Cu alloys is realized through the introduction of bimodal grains ***-Ta alloys with only 0.5 at.%Ta content were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying combined with spark plasm *** samples prepared by one-step and two-step ball milling methods are named as Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ),*** microstructural characterizations revealed that ultra-fine equiaxed grains with uniformly dispersed Ta precipitates were obtained in the Cu-Ta *** strength of 377 MPa for yield strength together with elongation of∼8%was obtained in Cu-Ta(Ⅰ).Bimodal grains structures composed of fine-grain zones and coarse-grain zones were successfully introduced into Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)by a two-step ball milling approach,and both yield strength(463 MPa)and elongation(∼15%)were significantly synergistic *** hardness values of both Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)were almost kept nearly constant with the increase of annealing time,and the softening temperatures of Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)are 1018 and 1013℃,reaching 93.9%and 93.5%T m of pure Cu(1083℃),*** reveals that the Cu-0.5 at.%Ta alloys exhibit excellent thermal stability and exceptional softening *** nanoclusters with semi-coherent structures play an essential role in enhancing the strength and microstructural stability of *** structures are beneficial to the activation of back stress strengthening and the initiation and propagation of microcracks,thus obtaining the extraordinary combination of strength and *** study provides a new way to fabricate dispersion-strengthened Cu alloys with high strength,high elongation,excellent thermal stability and softening resistance,which have potential application value in the field of the future fusion reactor.

关键词： Cu-Ta alloy Mechanical alloying Ta precipitates Bimodal structures Mechanical property

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