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Pathophysiological significance of gallbladder volume changes in gallstone diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4341-4347页

作者： Shing-Moo Huang Chung-chin Yao Huichin Pan Kuang-Ming hsiao Ji-Kuen yu Te-Jen Lai Shueh-Ding Huang Institute and School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University and Division of General Surgery Department of Surgery Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department and Institute of Biomedical Sciences Chung Shan Medical University Department of Medical Research Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Life Science National Chung Cheng University Division of General Surgery Department of Surgery Taichung Metroharbor Tung's Memorial Hospital Institute and School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Department of Applied Mathematics National Chengchi University

AIM: To study the pathophysiological significance of gallbladder volume (GBV) and ejection fraction changes in gallstone ***: The fasting GBV of gallstone patients with acute cholecystitis (n = 99), chronic cholecystitis (n = 85) and non-gallstone disease (n = 240) were measured by preoperative computed tomography. Direct saline injection measurements of GBV after cholecystectomy were also performed. The fasting and postprandial GBV of 65 patients with gallstones and chronic cholecystitis and 53 healthy subjects who received health examinations were measured by abdominal ultrasonography. Proper adjustments were made after the correction factors were calculated by comparing the preoperative and postoperative measurements. Pathological correlations between gallbladder changes in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis and the stages defined by the Tokyo International Consensus Meeting in 2007 were made. Unpaired Student's t tests were used. P < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. RESULTS: The fasting GBV was larger in late stage than in early/second stage acute cholecystitis gallbladders (84.66 ± 26.32 cm 3 , n = 12, vs 53.19 ± 33.80 cm 3 , n = 87, P = 0.002). The fasting volume/ejection fraction of gallbladders in chronic cholecystitis were larger/lower than those of normal subjects (28.77 ± 15.00 cm 3 vs 6.77 ± 15.75 cm 3 , P < 0.0001)/(34.6% ± 10.6%, n = 65, vs 53.3% ± 24.9%, n = 53, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: GBV increases as acute cholecystitis progresses to gangrene and/or empyema. Gallstone formation is associated with poorer contractility and larger volume in gallbladders that contain stones.

关键词： Gallbladder volume Pathophysiology Gallbladder ejection fraction Gallstone formation Acute cholecystitis

Robust topology optimization of multi-material lattice structures under material and load uncertainties

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第2期14卷 141-152页

作者： yu-chin CHAN Kohei SHINTANI Wei CHEN Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Enabled by advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing,lightweight lattice structures consisting of networks of periodic unit cells have gained popularity due to their extraordinary performance and wide array of *** work proposes a density-based robust topology optimization method for meso-or macroscale multi-material lattice structures under any combination of material and load *** method utilizes a new generalized material interpolation scheme for an arbitrary number of materials,and employs univariate dimension reduction and Gauss-type quadrature to quantify and propagate *** formulating the objective function as a weighted sum of the mean and standard deviation of compliance,the tradeoff between optimality and robustness can be studied and *** of a cantilever beam lattice structure under various material and load uncertainty cases exhibit the efficiency and flexibility of the *** accuracy of univariate dimension reduction is validated by comparing the results to the Monte Carlo approach.

关键词： robust topology optimization lattice structures multi-material material uncertainty load uncertainty univariate dimension reduction

H■rmander's Multipliers for the Weighted Herz-type Hardy Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第5期22卷 1509-1518页

作者： Ming Yi LEE chin Cheng LIN yu Tien LIN Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica Taipei 115 China ( Taiwan) Department of Mathematics National Central University Chung-Li 320 China (Taiwan)

In this article, we apply the molecular characterization of the weighted Hardy space developed by the first two authors to show the boundedness of Hormander multiplier on the weighted Herz-type Hardy spaces HK^α,p 2... 详细信息

关键词： Ap weights Herz-type Hardy spaces Hormander's multipliers Weighted Hardy spaces

A fault-tolerant triple-redundant voice coil motor for direct drive valves:Design, optimization, and experiment

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第4期26卷 1071-1079页

作者： Wu Shuai Jiao Zongxia Yan Liang yu Juntao Chen chin-Yin School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Science Beihang University Taiwan Ocean Research Institute "National"Applied Research Laboratories

A direct drive actuator （DDA） with direct drive valves （DDVs） as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor （TRVCM） used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet （PM） Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization （PSO） method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis （FEA）. A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems.

关键词： Direct drive valve Hydraulic flight control Magnetic field optimization Particle swarm optimization Redundant motor

A proactive secret sharing scheme based on chinese remainder theorem

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第2期15卷 133-142页

作者： Keju MENG Fuyou MIAO yu NING Wenchao HUANG Yan XIONG chin-Chen CHANG School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Feng Chia UniversityTaichung40724China School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China

If an adversary tries to obtain a secret s in a(t,n)threshold secret sharing(SS)scheme,it has to capture no less than t shares instead of the secret s ***,if a shareholder keeps a fixed share for a long time,an adversary may have chances to filch some shareholders’*** a proactive secret sharing(PSS)scheme,shareholders are supposed to refresh shares at fixed period without changing the *** this way,an adversary can recover the secret if and only if it captures at least t shares during a period rather than any time,and thus PSS provides enhanced protection to long-lived *** existing PSS schemes are almost based on linear SS but no chinese Remainder Theorem(CRT)-based PSS scheme was *** paper proposes a PSS scheme based on CRT for integer ring to analyze the reason why traditional CRT-based SS is not suitable to design PSS ***,an ideal PSS scheme based on CRT for polynomial ring is also *** scheme utilizes isomorphism of CRT to implement efficient share refreshing.

关键词： proactive secret sharing chinese remainder theorem polynomial ring integer ring isomorphism

Long-Term Impact of Extra Sediment on Notches and Incised Meanders in the Hoshe River, Taiwan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 716-723页

作者： Su-chin CHEN Chun-Hung WU Yi-Chiung CHAO Pei-yu SHIH Dept. of Soil and Water Conservation National Chung Hsing University Water Resources Engineering and Conservation Feng Chia University

The extra sediment load induced by typhoons and rainstorms in the Heshe River, Taiwan, are the principal reason for severe sediment-related disasters. The total sediment load during Typhoon Morakot in 9009 was 31 x lo6 m3, accounting for 95% of the annual sediment discharge. Large amounts of sediment load entered the Hoshe River, causing the braiding index （BI） to increase. Subsequently, the BI became positively correlated with the channel width in the Hoshe River. The specific typhoon and rainstorm events decreased after Typhoon Morakot, the sediment input decreased, inducing the fluvial morphology of the braided river to develop into a meandering river. The extra sediment load induced the deposition depth to increase and produce a headward deposition in the main channel and its tributaries. In addition, the river bend and the topographical notch restrained the sediment from moving downstream and being stored locally, indirectly increasing the erosion density of the river banks from 2.5 to lo.5 times.

关键词： Extra sediment load River morphology Braiding index

Multi-Mesh-Scale Approximation of Thin Geophysical Mass Flows on Complex Topographies

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Communications in Computational Physics 2021年第1期29卷 148-185页

作者： Yih-chin Tai Jeaniffer Vides Boniface Nkonga Chih-yu Kuo Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan LEMMA R&D Services Sophia AntipolisBiotFrance&Maison de la SimulationGif-sur-YvetteFrance Universit́e Cˆote d’Azur(UCA) LJAD Nice&Inria Sophia Antipolis–ḾediterrańeeFrance Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan

This paper is devoted to a multi-mesh-scale approach for describing the dynamic behaviors of thin geophysical mass flows on complex *** the topographic surfaces are generally non-trivially curved,we introduce an appropriate local coordinate system for describing the flow behaviors in an efficient *** complex surfaces are supposed to be composed of a finite number of triangle *** to the unequal orientation of the triangular elements,the distinct flux directions add to the complexity of solving the Riemann problems at the boundaries of the triangular ***,a vertex-centered cell system is introduced for computing the evolution of the physical quantities,where the cell boundaries lie within the triangles and the conventional Riemann solvers can be ***,there are two mesh scales:the element scale for the local topographic mapping and the vertex-centered cell scale for the evolution of the physical *** final scheme is completed by employing the HLL-approach for computing the numerical flux at the *** numerical examples and one application to a large-scale landslide are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed approach as well as to illustrate its capability in describing the shallow flows on complex topographies.

关键词： Multi-mesh-scale approach complex topography shallow flows unstructured mesh vertex-centered formulation

Monosodium urate crystals trigger Nrf2- and heme oxygenase-1-dependent inflammation in THP-1 cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第4期12卷 424-434页

作者： Jhih-Jia Jhang yu-Ting Cheng Cheng-Ying Ho Gow-chin Yen Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan China and ZAgricultural Biotechnology CenterNational Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan China Correspondence: Professor GC Yen Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University 250 Kuokuang Road Taichung40227 Taiwan China.

Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory disease that is caused by an accumulation of monosodium urate （MSU） crystals in the joints. MSU is capable of activating the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome, leading to interleukin-lβ （IL-lβ） secretion. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） are major mediators of the NLRP3/IL-lβ interaction. Although nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） is recognized as a transcription factor that is involved in the response to oxidative stress, the effect of MSU on Nrf2 and on Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes remains unclear. The treatment of THP-1 monocytes using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate （PMA） was shown to initiate inflammatory responses. Here, we showed that THP-1 cells, following treatment with MSU crystals, significantly increased IL-1β release, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production. MSU also promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and activated lysosomal destabilization. Moreover, the levels of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） in gene and protein expressions were upregulated by MSU. MSU-induced IL-lβ secretion and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were inhibited by the knockdown of Nrf2 and via the HO-1 inhibitor zinc （11） protoporphyrin IX （ZnPP）. In addition, HO-1 inhibition increased the level of superoxide anion production and the consumption of glutathione. These findings suggest that Nrf2 and HO-1 mediate redox homeostasis and interact with pro-inflammatory factors in MSU-challenged THP-1 cells, thereby providing new insight into how MSU-induced gouty inflammation is mediated by specific mechanisms that are involved in the Nrf2/Ho-1 antioxidant signaling pathway.

关键词： HO-1 monosodium urate NLRP3 inflammasome Nrf2 THP-1 cells

Arsenic Accumulation in Rice:Sources,Human Health Impact and Probable Mitigation Approaches

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Rice science 2022年第4期29卷 309-327页

作者： Md ROKONUZZAMAN LI Wai chin MAN yu Bon TSANG Yiu Fai YE Zhihong Department of Science and Environmental Studies the Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The human body loading with arsenic(As)through rice consumption is a global health *** is a crucial need to limit As build-up in rice,either by remediating As accumulation in soils or reducing As levels in irrigation *** conventional approaches have been utilized to alleviate the As accumulation in ***,except for some irrigation practices,those approaches success and the adoption rate are not *** review presents human health risks posed due to consumption of As contaminated rice,evaluates different biomarkers for tracing As loading in the human body,and discusses the latest advancement in As reducing technologies emphasizing the application of seed priming,nanotechnology,and biochar application for limiting As loading in rice *** also evaluate different irrigation techniques to reduce As accumulation in *** water management regimes significantly reduces grain As ***-and nano-priming of rice seeds improve germination and minimize As translocation in rice tissues by protecting cell membrane,building pool around seed coat,methylation and volatilization,or quenching harmful effects of reactive oxygen *** application in the form of nano-adsorbents or nano-fertilizers facilitates nano-remediation of As through the formation of Fe plaque or sorption or oxidation *** biochar in the rice fields significantly reduces As through immobilization,physical adsorption,or surface *** conclusion,As content in cooked rice depends on irrigation source and raw rice As level.

关键词： arsenic rice scalp hair irrigation management seed priming nanotechnology biochar human health