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Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite/Carbon Nanocomposite Thin Films for Electrochemical Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第10期27卷 873-878页

作者： Suh Cem Pang wai Hwa Khoh Suk Fun chin Department of Chemistry Faculty of Resource Science and TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak

Stable colloidal suspension of magnetite/starch nanocomposite was prepared by a facile and aqueous-based chemical precipitation method, Magnetite/carbon nanocomposite thin films were subsequently formed upon carbonization of the starch component by heat treatment under controlled conditions. The initial content of native sago starch as the carbon source was found to affect the microstructure and electrochemical properties of the resulted magnetite/carbon nanocomposite thin films, A specific capacitance of 124 F/g was achieved for the magnetite/carbon nanocomposite thin films as compared to that of 82 F/g for pure magnetite thin films in Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte.

关键词： Magnetite Magnetite/carbon nanocomposite Native sago starch Specific capacitance

Combined effects of adsorption and photocatalysis by hybrid TiO_2/ZnO-calcium alginate beads for the removal of copper

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 214-223页

作者： Devagi Kanakaraju Shantini Ravichandar Ying chin lim Department of Chemistry Faculty of Resource Science and TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak School of Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA

The use of nanosized titanium dioxide（TiO2） and zinc oxide（ZnO） in the suspension form during treatment makes the recovering and recycling of photocatalysts ***,supported photocatalysts are preferred for practical water treatment *** study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of calcium alginate（CaAlg） beads that were immobilized with hybrid photocatalysts,TiO2/ZnO to form TiO2/*** immobilized beads,with three different mass ratios of TiO2：ZnO（1：1,1：2,and 2：1） were used to remove Cu（Ⅱ） in aqueous solutions in the presence of ultraviolet *** beads were subjected to three cycles of photocatalytic treatment with different initial Cu（Ⅱ） concentrations（10-80 ppm）.EDX spectra have confirmed the inclusion of Ti and Zn on the surface of the CaAlg ***,the surface morphology of the beads as determined using SEM,has indicated differences of before and after the photocatalytic treatment of Cu（Ⅱ）.Among all three,the equivalent mass ratio TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads have shown the best performance in removing Cu（Ⅱ） during all three recycling *** TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads have also shown consistent removal of Cu,ranging from 7.14-52.0 ppm（first cycle） for initial concentrations of10-80 *** comparison,bare CaAlg was only able to remove 6.9-48 ppm of similar initial Cu ***,the potential use of TiO2/ZnO-CaAlg beads as environmentally friendly composite material can be further extended for heavy metal removal from contaminated water.

关键词： Alginate Heavy metals Photocatalyst Immobilization Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide

Root Morphology and Anatomy Affect Cadmium Translocation and Accumulation in Rice

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Rice science 2021年第6期28卷 594-604,I0049-I0052页

作者： XIAO Anwen CHEN Danting LI wai chin YE Zhihong School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong999077 Hong KongChina

Paddy fields contaminated with cadmium(Cd)present decreased grain yield and produce Cckcontaminated *** for low-Cd-accumulating cultivars is a useful method to reduce the amount of Cd in the *** present study aimed to examine the roles of the root morphology and an atomy in Cd tran slocati on and accumulati on in rice ***・two rice cultivars were used in the first experiment,after which two cultivars[Zixiangnuo(ZXN)and Jinyou T36(JYT36)]were selected and used in subsequent experiments under hydroponic *** results showed that there were significant differences in Cd concentrations in the shoots(ranging from 4 to 100 mg/kg)and the Cd translocation rates(shoot/root)(from 7%to 102%)among the 22 cultivars,and the shoot Cd concentration was significantly correlated with the Cd translocation rate of the 22 cultivars under 0.1 mg/L Cd *** with cultivar ZXN,JYT36 had greater root Cd uptake and accumulation but lower shoot Cd accumulation and Cd translocation *** number of root tips per surface area of cultivar ZXN was greater than that of JYT36,while the average root diameter was lower than that of *** with ZXN,JYT36 had stronger apoplastic barriers,and the Casparian bands and suberin lamellae in the root endodermis and exodermis were closer to the root apex in both the control and Cd treatments,especially for suberin lamellae in the root exodermis with Cd treatments,with a differenee of 25 *** results also showed that,compared with ZXN,JYT36 had greater percentages of Cd bound in cell walls and intracellular Cd but lower Cd concentrations in the apoplastic fluid under the Cd *** results suggested that Cd translocation,rather than root Cd uptake,is a key process that determi nes Cd accumulati on in the rice *** root morphological and an atomical characteristics evidently affect Cd accumulation in the shoots by inhibiting Cd translocation,especially via the apoplastic *** was pos

关键词： apoplastic pathway Cd stress Cd translocation Cd accumulation rice root morphology and an atomy

Effects of root morphology and anatomy on cadmium uptake and translocation in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 296-306页

作者： Lu Huang wai chin Li Nora Fung Yee Tam Zhihong Ye School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong

A clear description of the certain mechanisms of cadmium(Cd) uptake and translocation in rice(Oryza sativa L.) may help to reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain. Hydroponic experiments were carried out to determine the effects of cultivation conditions(aerated and stagnant) on the uptake, translocation and subcellular distribution of Cd in relation to the morphology and anatomy of roots in two rice genotypes with different Cd accumulations in grains. Marked differences in morphology and anatomy were observed between these two genotypes under different cultivation conditions. Genotypes with low Cd accumulation in grains tended to develop fewer root tips per root surface area, larger root porosity and more mature apoplastic barriers. The stagnant cultivation condition decreased the number of root tips per root surface area but increased root porosity and accelerated apoplastic barrier formation in root *** Cd uptake studies revealed that rice plants with fewer number of root tips per root surface area reduced root Cd uptake ability, while mature apoplastic barriers increased root Cd retention in cell walls and the symplast. Thus, the fewer number of root tips per root surface area and the earlier formation of mature apoplastic barriers led to lower Cd uptake and translocation. The results indicated that the morphology and anatomy of roots could play important roles in Cd uptake and translocation in rice, and could be influenced by both genotype and cultivation conditions. The present results would be useful in screening and planting rice plants with low Cd accumulation.

关键词： Apoplastic barriers Cadmium Rice Root morphology

The rapid determination of volatile fatty acid number in para rubber latex using fourier transform-near infrared spectroscopy based on quantification and discrimination model

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第5期8卷 107-115页

作者： Sureeporn Narongwongwattana Ronnarit Rittiron chin Hock lim Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaengsaen Kasetsart University NakhonpathomThailand Thai Rubber Latex Corporation(Thailand)Public Company limited ChonburiThailand

Volatile Fatty Acid number(VFA no.)is one of the parameters indicating the state of quality of Para rubber latex at that particular *** factories analyze this parameter using standard analytical method as in ISO 506:1992(E).Nevertheless,this procedure is complicated,chemical and time consuming,as well as skilled analyst ***,near infrared(NIR)spectroscopy which is rapid,accurate and nonchemicals method was applied to determine the VFA *** latex and concentrated latex based on quantification and discriminant *** best calibration equation was obtained from standard normal variate(SNV)spectra in the region of 6109.7–5770.3,4613.1–4242.9 cm^(-1) with R?0:832,SECV?0:036 and no *** the performance check,statistically it was found that SECV and bias were low enough for practical acceptance and the predicted VFA *** not di®erent significantly from actual VFA *** 95% confidence *** addition,discriminant model was developed to separate good quality latex from the deteriorated latex using VFA *** 0.06 as standard as in ISO 2004:2010(E).The discriminant model can be used to screen the latex with overall accuracy of 91.86%in validation set.

关键词： Hevea brasiliensis latex quality polyisoprene ISO 12099:2010(E)

Geometry Design and Tooth Contact Analysis of Crossed Beveloid Gears for Marine Transmissions

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chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第2期25卷 328-337页

作者： ZHU Caichao SONG Chaosheng lim Teik chin VIJAYAKAR Sandeep State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China School of Dynamics Systems at University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOhio 45221USA Advanced Numerical Solutions 3956 Brown Park DriveSuite BHilliardOhio 43026USA

Beveloid gears,also known as conical gears,gain more and more importance in industry practice due to their abilities for power transmission between parallel,intersected and crossed ***,this type of gearing with crossed axes has no common plane of action which results in a point contact and low tooth ***,a geometry design approach assuming line contact is developed to analyze the tooth engagement process of crossed beveloid gears with small shaft angle for marine transmission *** loaded gear tooth contact behavior is simulated by applying a quasi-static analysis to study the effects of gearing parameters on mesh *** the proposed method,a series of sensitivity analyses to examine the effects of critical gearing parameters such as shaft angle,cone angle,helix angle and profile-shift coefficient on the theoretical gear mesh is *** parametric analysis of pitch cone design shows that the dominant design parameters represented by the angle between the first principle directions（FPD） and normal angular factor are more sensitive to the shaft and cone angles than they are to the helix *** theoretical contact path is highly sensitive to the profile-shift coefficient,which is determined from the theoretical tooth contact *** FPD angle is found to change the distribution of contact pattern,contact pressure and root stress as well as the translational transmission error and the variation of the mesh stiffness *** contact pattern is clearly different between the drive and coast sides due to different designed FPD ***,a practical experimental setup for marine transmission is performed and tooth bearing test is conducted to demonstrate the proposed design *** experimental result compared well with the *** of this study yield a better understanding of the geometry design and loaded gear mesh characteristics for crossed beveloid gears used in marine trans

关键词： beveloid gears loaded tooth contact analysis crossed axes marine transmission

Compensation of image noise induced by difference in optical characteristics of array-LED chips of LED print head

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1819-1830页

作者： KIM Wan-chin PARK Yong-Shik KIM Sung-Dae lim Jiseok Department of Automotive Engineering Honam University Gwansan-gu Gwangju 62399 Korea Mangoslab Co. Ltd. Startupeampus 20 Pangyo-ro 289beon-gil Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13488 Korea S-Printing Solution Co. Ltd. (Samsung Electronics Ltd) Suwon Gyeonggi-do 443-742 Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541 Korea

There are various applied electro-optical devices, which utilize light emitting didoe(LED) chip array for applications to displays and opto-electronic sensors. In those devices, it is the one of the critical technical issues to minimize uncertain fluctuations including optical power and optical density. Due to variation in operating environment of a device, those are not corrected precisely by controlling parameters based on simple relation between parameters and resultant abovementioned ***, there is essential need to correct outputs in real-time based on correction function generated from the consideration on various operation condition. In this article, we introduce an output correction method through reporting real-time image noise reduction in the application to electro-photography with LED print head. In the technology of LED print head, as differences in optical characteristics between each LED cause vertical image noise, it should be corrected in order to obtain images that are comparable or better in quality compared to those produced by the conventional laser scanning method. Even though it seems that the method used to obtain uniform light power from each LED can solve this problem, it does not work well for high-resolution printing. Therefore, a scan method involving correction by a printed and scanned pattern is introduced through this work. The scan method is composed of correction patterns to minimize printing noise by its shape, the correction algorithm to calculate the optimized value and the printing algorithm to control gray levels in real-time precisely. We believe that the developed correction method upgrades the printing quality of the LPH printer better than commercial printers. The developed correction method can also be applied to various application areas that use an array-type light source such as display systems and lighting systems.

关键词： real-time image correction LED print head(LPH) vertical image noise electro-photography temporal correction spatial correction

Arsenic Accumulation in Rice:Sources,Human Health Impact and Probable Mitigation Approaches

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Rice science 2022年第4期29卷 309-327页

作者： Md ROKONUZZAMAN LI wai chin MAN Yu Bon TSANG Yiu Fai YE Zhihong Department of Science and Environmental Studies the Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The human body loading with arsenic(As)through rice consumption is a global health *** is a crucial need to limit As build-up in rice,either by remediating As accumulation in soils or reducing As levels in irrigation *** conventional approaches have been utilized to alleviate the As accumulation in ***,except for some irrigation practices,those approaches success and the adoption rate are not *** review presents human health risks posed due to consumption of As contaminated rice,evaluates different biomarkers for tracing As loading in the human body,and discusses the latest advancement in As reducing technologies emphasizing the application of seed priming,nanotechnology,and biochar application for limiting As loading in rice *** also evaluate different irrigation techniques to reduce As accumulation in *** water management regimes significantly reduces grain As ***-and nano-priming of rice seeds improve germination and minimize As translocation in rice tissues by protecting cell membrane,building pool around seed coat,methylation and volatilization,or quenching harmful effects of reactive oxygen *** application in the form of nano-adsorbents or nano-fertilizers facilitates nano-remediation of As through the formation of Fe plaque or sorption or oxidation *** biochar in the rice fields significantly reduces As through immobilization,physical adsorption,or surface *** conclusion,As content in cooked rice depends on irrigation source and raw rice As level.

关键词： arsenic rice scalp hair irrigation management seed priming nanotechnology biochar human health

Remediation of arsenic-contaminated paddy field by a new iron oxidizing strain(Ochrobactrum sp.)and iron-modified biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 411-421页

作者： Kaikai Wu Chuan Wu Xingxing Jiang Rui Xue Weisong Pan wai-chin Li Xinghua Luo Shengguo Xue School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong KongAdministrative RegionHong KongChina College of Environmental Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410125China

Iron-oxidizing strain(FeOB)and iron modified biochars have been shown arsenic(As)reme-diation ability in the ***,due to the complicated soil environment,few field experiment has been *** study was conducted to investigate the potential of iron modified biochar(BC-FeOS)and biomineralization by a new found FeOB to remediate As-contaminated paddy *** with the control,the As contents of G_(B)(BC-FeOS),G_(F)(FeOB),G_(FN)(FeOB and nitrogen fertilizer),G_(BF)(BC-FeOS and FeOB)and G_(BFN)(BC-FeOS,FeOB and nitrogen fertilizer)treatments in pore water decreased by 36.53%-80.03%and the microbial richness of iron-oxidizing bacteria in these treatments increased in soils at the rice maturation *** concentrations of available As of G_(B),G_(F),G_(FN),G_(BF) and G_(BFN) at the tillering stage were significantly decreased by 10.78%-55.48%.The concentrations of non-specifically absorbed and specifically absorbed As fractions of G_(B),G_(F),G_(FN),G_(BF) and G_(BFN) in soils were decreased and the amorphous and poorly crystalline hydrated Fe and Al oxidebound fraction was ***,the As contents of G_(B),G_(F),G_(FN),G_(BF) and G_(BFN) in rice grains were significantly decreased(*Plimit of the National Standard for Food Safety(GB 2762-2017).Compared with the other treatments,G_(BFN) showed the greatest potential for the effective remediation of As-contaminated paddy fields.

关键词： Arsenic Iron-modified biochar Iron-oxidizing strain Field experiment