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Microalgae:A potential alternative to health supplementation for humans

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第1期8卷 16-24页

作者： Apurav Krishna Koyande Kit Wayne chew Krishnamoorthy Rambabu Yang Tao Dinh-Toi Chu Pau-Loke Show Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Malaysia43500Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering School of Civil and Chemical EngineeringVIT UniversityVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University1 Weigang RoadNanjingJiangsu210095China Institute for Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityK7/25 QuangTrungDanangViet Nam Faculty of Biology Hanoi National University of Education136 XuanThuyCauGiayHanoiViet Nam

Microalgae has been consumed in human diet for thousands of *** is an under-exploited crop for production of dietary *** cultivation does not compete with land and resources required for traditional crops and has a superior yield compared to terrestrial *** high protein content has exhibited a huge potential to meet the dietary requirements of growing *** from being a source of protein,presence of various bio-active components in microalgae provide an added health *** review describes various microalgal sources of proteins and other bio-active *** of the heavily studied group of bio-active components are pigments due to their anticarcenogenic,antioxidative and antihypertensive *** to various plant and floral species,microalgae contain higher amounts of *** derived proteins have complete Essential Amino Acids(EAA)profiles and their protein content is higher than conventional sources such as meat,poultry and dairy ***,microalgal based functional foods have not flooded the *** lack of awareness coupled with scarce incentives for producers result in under-exploitation of microalgal *** of microalgal derived components as dietary and nutraceutical supplements is discussed comprehensively.

关键词： Health Human Microalgae Protein Supplement

Dual-Modal Drowsiness Detection to Enhance Driver Safety

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 4397-4417页

作者： Yi Xuan chew Siti Fatimah Abdul Razak Sumendra Yogarayan Sharifah Noor Masidayu Sayed Ismail Faculty of Information Science and Technology Multimedia UniversityAyer KerohMelaka75450Malaysia

In the modern world,the increasing prevalence of driving poses a risk to road safety and necessitates the development and implementation of effective monitoring *** study aims to enhance road safety by proposing a dual-modal solution for detecting driver drowsiness,which combines heart rate monitoring and face recognition *** research objectives include developing a non-contact method for detecting driver drowsiness,training and assessing the proposed system using pre-trained machine learning models,and implementing a real-time alert feature to trigger warnings when drowsiness is *** learning models based on convolutional neural networks(CNNs),including ResNet and DenseNet,were trained and *** CNN model emerged as the top performer compared to ResNet50,ResNet152v2,and *** tests,employing different camera angles using Logitech BRIO 4K Ultra HD Pro Stream webcam produces accurate face recognition and heart rate ***-world vehicle tests involved six participants and showcased the system’s stability in calculating heart rates and its ability to correlate lower heart rates with *** incorporation of heart rate and face recognition technologies underscores the effectiveness of the proposed system in enhancing road safety and mitigating the risks associated with drowsy driving.

关键词： Drowsy advanced driver assistance system driver safety on-the-road experiments

Bioluminescent fungi from Peninsular Malaysia-a taxonomic and phylogenetic overview

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第1期70卷 149-187页

作者： Audrey L.C.chew Dennis E.Desjardin Yee-Shin Tan Md Yusoff Musa Vikineswary Sabaratnam Mushroom Research Centre University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Biology San Francisco State University1600 Holloway Ave.San FranciscoCA 94132USA

Fifteen bioluminescent fungi recently collected from Peninsular Malaysia are analysed *** phylogeny of the Malaysian bioluminescent fungi and closely related taxa were evaluated with molecular data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(LSU),RNA polymerase 2 second largest subunit(RPB2)and internal transcribed spacers(ITS)gene *** sequences data support the circumscription of species based on the morphological species concept,but was unable to fully support the current sectional delimitation of genus *** the 15 taxa analysed here,four are novel species described herein,*** gombakensis,***,*** and Panellus luxfilamentus;while four taxa of Mycena *** were recently described as *** species(***)represents a new distribution record to Peninsular Malaysia,and six species(Neonothopanus nambi,Filoboletus manipularis,***,Roridomyces pruinosoviscidus,*** and ***)have been previously *** pruinosoviscidus is accepted as a new combination based on morphological and phylogenetic *** morphology data indicate its potential for taxon delimitation as axenic cultures of each species produced unique and distinguishable *** descriptions,illustrations and photographs are provided on basidiome and culture morphology.A key to aid in species identification,comparisons with allied species and data on basidiome and mycelium luminescence are also *** study gives the first report on mycelial luminescence for ***,***,*** as well as all new species described *** reports in this study bring the total known luminescent fungi worldwide to 81 species.

关键词： Basidiomycete Biodiversity Culture morphology Filoboletus Mycena Neonothopanus Panellus Phylogeny Roridomyces Systematics Taxonomy

Nature’s fight against plastic pollution:Algae for plastic biodegradation and bioplastics production

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第4期4卷 47-56页

作者： Wen Yi Chia Doris Ying Ying Tang Kuan Shiong Khoo Andrew Ng Kay Lup Kit Wayne chew School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan43900Malaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005FujianChina Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

The increased global demand for plastic materials has led to severe plastic waste pollution,particularly to the marine *** critical issue affects both sea life and human beings since microplastics can enter the food chain and cause several health *** recycling,chemical treatments,incineration and landfill are apparently not the optimum solutions for reducing plastic ***,this review presents two newly identified environmentally friendly approaches,plastic biodegradation and bioplastic production using algae,to solve the increased global plastic ***,particularly microalgae,can degrade the plastic materials through the toxins systems or enzymes synthesized by microalgae itself while using the plastic polymers as carbon *** algae for plastic biodegradation has been critically reviewed in this paper to demonstrate the mechanism and how microplastics affect the *** the other hand,algae-derived bioplastics have identical properties and characteristics as petroleum-based plastics,while remarkably being biodegradable in *** review provides new insights into different methods of producing algae-based bioplastics(e.g.,blending with other materials and genetic engineering),followed by the discussion on the challenges and further research direction to increase their commercial feasibility.

关键词： Algal polymers Microalgae Microplastics Polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA) Polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB)

Constraining the links between the Himalayan belt and the Central Myanmar Basins during the Cenozoic:An integrated multi-proxy detrital geochronology and trace-element geochemistry study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 657-676页

作者： F.Arboit M.Min D.chew A.Mitchell K.Drost E.Badenszki J.S.Daly Department of Geology Trinity College DublinDublinIreland Department of Geology University of MandalayMandalayMyanmar Myanmar Precious Resources Group and 20 Dale Close OxfordOX11TUUK UCD School of Earth Sciences University College DublinDublinIreland iCRAG(Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences) University College DublinDublinIreland Department of Earth Science Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Geological and tectonic analysis of the Eastern Himalayan basins has given rise to a decade-long debate on the geodynamic evolution of the Burmese terrane and on the extent of reorganization of the main SE Asia drainage ***,the influence of the Himalayan belt on the Central Myanmar Basin(CMB)system remains poorly documented,although it is key to providing more accurate models for the evolution of the Himalayan-Burmese *** this contribution,we present geochronological,isotopic and geochemical analysis from 2500 zircon,1700 titanite,700 rutile and 850 apatite detrital grains from fifteen Cenozoic siliciclastic samples and one Cretaceous igneous *** samples were collected within the fore-and back-arc basins of the Central Myanmar Basin domain(CMB)to constrain the provenance,maximum depositional ages,and depositional environments of the west Burma *** key lithological units,the Sadwingyi,Ketpanda,Wabo Chaung,Gwegon,Minwun,Padaung,Okmintaung and Irrawaddy formations have detrital age spectra spanning from the Miocene to *** entire data set has common age peaks at ca.20,40,60,90,100 Ma,with about 80%of the U–Pb ages younger than ca.140 Ma and only ca.1%of the grains predating ca.3.0 *** results shed light on the current ambiguities on the transport pathways of Himalayan detritus in the *** show that the fore-arc basin was open to the trench and fed by the unroofing of both the Wuntho Popa volcanic arc to the east and possibly from the Burmese basement and/or from Himalayan-derived Bengal Fan detritus to the west during the Eocene,from at least ca.44 Ma to before ca.39 *** show that the west Burma Terrane was partitioned into pull-apart basins such as the Minwun Basin,which during the Oligocene recorded the first evidence of a new source contribution into the CMB at ca.27 *** new source is characterized by detritus highly compatible with the SE Asia basement rocks,which we suggest corresponds to the initiation of t

关键词： Geochronology Geochemistry Himalaya Indo Burma Range Myanmar Provenance

Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 135-147页

作者： Leslie A.Simms Eva Borras Bradley S.chew Bruno Matsui Mitchell M.McCartney Stephen K.Robinson Nicholas Kenyon Cristina E.Davis Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields Avenue2132 Bainer HallDavisCA 95616USA Institute for Space Research University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Department of Internal Medicine University of CaliforniaDavis4150V StreetSuite 3400SacramentoCA 95817USA VA Northern California Health Care System 10535 Hospital WayMatherCA 95655USA

Trace analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during wildfires is imperative for environmental and health risk assessment. The use of gas sampling devices mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) to chemically sample air during wildfires is of great interest because these devices move freely about their environment, allowing for more representative air samples and the ability to sample areas dangerous or unreachable by humans. This work presents chemical data from air samples obtained in Davis, CA during the most destructive wildfire in California's history-the 2018 Camp Fire – as well as the deployment of our sampling device during a controlled experimental fire while fixed to a UAV. The sampling mechanism was an in-house manufactured micro-gas preconcentrator(μPC) embedded onto a compact battery-operated sampler that was returned to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Compounds commonly observed in wildfires were detected during the Camp Fire using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS), including BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene), benzaldehyde, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene. Concentrations of BTEX were calculated and we observed that benzene and toluene were highest with average concentrations of 4.7 and 15.1 μg/m^(3), respectively. Numerous fire-related compounds including BTEX and aldehydes such as octanal and nonanal were detected upon experimental fire ignition, even at a much smaller sampling time compared to samples taken during the Camp Fire. Analysis of the air samples taken both stationary during the Camp Fire and mobile during an experimental fire show the successful operation of our sampler in a fire environment.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Wildfire 2018 Camp Fire Micro preconcentrators Environmental sampling Mobile VOC sampling

Review on laser directed energy deposited aluminum alloys

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 84-131页

作者： Tian-Shu Liu Peng Chen Feng Qiu Hong-Yu Yang Nicholas Tan Yew Jin Youxiang chew Di Wang Ruidi Li Qi-Chuan Jiang Chaolin Tan Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)5 Cleantech LoopSingapore 636732Singapore State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130025People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China

Lightweight aluminum(Al)alloys have been widely used in frontier fields like aerospace and automotive industries,which attracts great interest in additive manufacturing(AM)to process high-value Al *** a mainstream AM technique,laser-directed energy deposition(LDED)shows good scalability to meet the requirements for large-format component manufacturing and ***,LDED Al alloys are highly challenging due to their inherent poor printability(*** laser absorption,high oxidation sensitivity and cracking tendency).To further promote the development of LDED high-performance Al alloys,this review offers a deep understanding of the challenges and strategies to improve printability in LDED Al *** porosity,cracking,distortion,inclusions,element evaporation and resultant inferior mechanical properties(worse than laser powder bed fusion)are the key challenges in LDED Al *** parameter optimizations,in-situ alloy design,reinforcing particle addition and field assistance are the efficient approaches to improving the printability and performance of LDED Al *** underlying correlations between processes,alloy innovation,characteristic microstructures,and achievable performances in LDED Al alloys are *** benchmark mechanical properties and primary strengthening mechanism of LDED Al alloys are *** review aims to provide a critical and in-depth evaluation of current progress in LDED Al *** opportunities and perspectives in LDED high-performance Al alloys are also outlined.

关键词： additive manufacturing laser directed energy deposition(LDED) aluminum alloys printability aluminum matrix composite auxiliary fields mechanical properties

Influence of Size of ZnO Nanorods on Light Extraction Enhancement of GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第9期28卷 263-266页

作者： DAI Ke-Hui WANG Lian-Shan HUANG De-Xiu SOH chew-Beng CHUA Soo-Jin Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074 College of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074 Institute of Materials Research and Engineering 3 Research LinkSingapore 117602Singapore Centre for Optoelectronics Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringNational University of Singapore2 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore

We investigate the influence of size of ZnO nanorods on the light extraction efficiency(LEE)enhancement of GaN-based light-emitting diodes(GaN-LEDs).ZnO nanorods with different sizes are hydrothermally grown on patterned indium-doped tin oxide(ITO)electrodes of the GaN-LEDs in zinc acetate aqueous solutions of different *** are conducted for the LEE enhancement of the LEDs with ZnO nanorods,compared to these without ZnO *** results suggest that the LEE of the LEDs with ZnO nanorods increases with the increasing size of ZnO ***,a saturation trend for the LEE improvement is also observed,which is attributed to the maximum limitation of light coupled into ZnO nanorods from GaN-based LEDs,and the reflection is increased by the increasing top surface of the ZnO nanorods.

关键词： GaN diodes sizes

Nanoscale plasma-activated aerosol generation for in situ surface pathogen disinfection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 161-173页

作者： Nicholas S.L.chew Kiing S.Wong Wei S.Chang Chien W.Ooi Leslie Y.Yeo Ming K.Tan Mechanical Engineering Discipline School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia Chemical Engineering Discipline School of EngineeringMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory RMIT UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia

Plasma treatment constitutes an efficient method for chemical-free disinfection.A spray-based system for dispensing plasma-activated aerosols onto surfaces would facilitate disinfection of complex and/or hidden surfaces inaccessible to direct line-of-sight(for example,UV)*** complexity and size of current plasma generators(for example,plasma jet and cometary plasma systems)-which prohibit portable operation,together with the short plasma lifetimes,necessitate a miniaturized in situ technique in which a source can be simultaneously activated and administered on-demand onto ***,we demonstrate this possibility by combining two nanoscale technologies for plasma and aerosol generation into an integrated device that is sufficiently small and *** is generated on a carpet of zinc oxide nanorods comprising a nanoneedle ensemble,which when raised to a high electric potential,constitutes a massive point charge array with near-singular electric fields to effect atmospheric *** plasma is then used to activate water transported through an underlying capillary wick,that is subsequently aerosolized under MHz-order surface acoustic *** show that the system,besides being amenable to miniaturization and hence integration into a chipscale device,leads to a considerable improvement in plasma-activation over its macroscale cometary discharge predecessor,with up to 20%and 127%higher hydrogen peroxide and nitrite ion concentrations that are respectively generated in the plasma-activated ***,in turn,leads to a 67%reduction in the disinfection time to achieve 95%bacterial load reduction,therefore demonstrating the potential of the technology as an efficient portable platform for on-demand field-use surface disinfection.

关键词： surface portable aerosol