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Impact of disease severity on gastric residual volume in critical patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 2007-2012页

作者： chien-Wei Hsu Shu-Fen Sun David Lin lee Shoa-Lin Lin Kam-Fai Wong hsiu-Hua Huang Hung-Ju Li Department of Medicine School of Medicine National YangMing University Taipei Taiwan China Intensive Care Unit Department of Medicine Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung City 813 Taiwan China Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung City 813 Taiwan China Institute of Statistics National University of Kaohsiung Kaohsiung City 813 Taiwan China Department of Nutrition Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung City 813 Taiwan China

AIM: To investigate whether illness severity has an impact on gastric residual volume (GRV) in medical critically ill patients. METHODS: Medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients requiring nasogastric feeding were enrolled. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was assessed immediately preceding the start of the study. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ scores were recorded on the first, fourth, seventh, and fourteenth day of the study period. GRV was measured every 4 h during enteral feeding. The relationship be-tween mean daily GRV and SOFA scores and the correlation between mean daily GRV and mean APACHE Ⅱ score of all patients were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: Of the 61 patients, 43 patients were survivors and 18 patients were non-survivors. The mean daily GRV increased as SOFA scores increased (P < 0.001, analysis of variance). Mean APACHE Ⅱ scores of all patients correlated with mean daily GRV (P = 0.011, Pearson correlation) during the study period. Patients with decreasing GRV in the first 2 d had better survival than patients without decreasing GRV (P = 0.017, log rank test). CONCLUSION: GRV is higher in more severely ill medical ICU patients. Patients with decreasing GRV had lower ICU mortality than patients without decreasing GRV.

关键词： Critical care Outcome Residual volume Severity of illness index Tube feeding

Development of seismic fragility curves for low-rise masonry infilled reinforced concrete buildings by a coefficient-based method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第2期12卷 319-332页

作者： Ray Kai Leung Su chien-Liang lee Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This study presents a seismic fragility analysis and ultimate spectral displacement assessment of regular low-rise masonry infilled （MI） reinforced concrete （RC） buildings using a coefficient-based method. The coefficient-based method does not require a complicated finite element analysis; instead, it is a simplifed procedure for assessing the spectral acceleration and displacement of buildings subjected to earthquakes. A regression analysis was first performed to obtain the best-fitting equations for the inter-story drift ratio （IDR） and period shift factor of low-rise MI RC buildings in response to the peak ground acceleration of earthquakes using published results obtained from shaking table tests. Both spectral acceleration- and spectral displacement-based fragility curves under various damage states （in terms of IDR） were then constructed using the coefficient-based method. Finally, the spectral displacements of low-rise MI RC buildings at the ultimate （or near- collapse） state obtained from this paper and the literature were compared. The simulation results indicate that the fragility curves obtained from this study and other previous work correspond well. Furthermore, most of the spectral displacements of low-rise MI RC buildings at the ultimate state from the literature fall within the bounded spectral displacements predicted by the coefficient-based method.

关键词： seismic fragility analysis masonry spectral displacement

Experimental evaluation of force analogy method(FAM) by element type

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第1期19卷 137-147页

作者： Iraj Toloue Mohd Shahir Liew Indra Sati Hamonangan Harahap hsiu Eik lee Civil Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar32610 PerakMalaysia Research&Innovation Offi ce Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar32610 PerakMalaysia

The force analogy method(FAM) is considered as one of the most time-saving and cost-efficient methods for analyzing frames. Through a set of assumptions and restoring forces, FAM analyzes nonlinear frames responses through Hooke’s law. This study evaluates the effect of element type on FAM through numerical and experimental tests. The conventional Euler Bernoulli(EB) element is replaced by the Timoshenko(TS) beam-column element and the results are interpreted and compared with experimental findings. Three experimental tests were conducted for benchmarking and comparison purposes via 2 D aluminum frames. The results indicated that during the analysis, when the frame response is in the linear region, there is no difference between the element types in the response of the frames. When the frame entered the plastic region, the frames which were analyzed by the TS element revealed closer responses to the experimental outcomes. The gap between the results of the frame which was analyzed by EB and TS enlarged especially when the frame experienced a sharp or huge rotation of more than 0.2 rad. The final recorded deformations based on the TS element revealed an accuracy between 98.05% to 98.65%, while the EB element showed 14.66% to 45.14% for rotations of more than 0.2 rad at plastic hinge locations(PHLs).

关键词： FAM Timoshenko Euler Bernoulli nonlinear vibration

An apoptosis-independent role of TRAIL in suppressing joint inflammation and inhibiting T-cell activation in inflammatory arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第9期15卷 846-857页

作者： I-Tsu Chyuan Hwei-Fang Tsai hsiu-Jung Liao chien-Sheng Wu Ping-Ning Hsu Department of Internal Medicine Cathay General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Immunology College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineFar Eastern Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been implicated in the regulation ofinflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primarily due to its ability to promote apoptosis in synoviocytes andinfiltrating lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory mechanism and role ofTRAIL in inflammatory arthritis. We created an animal model of inflammatory arthritis and demonstrated that TRAILsignificantly inhibited joint inflammation and reduced the severity of arthritis. The suppression of joint inflammationwas not due to the TRAIL-mediated induction of apoptosis in T cells, macrophages or synovial fibroblasts. Incontrast, TRAIL directly inhibited T-cell proliferation and suppressed the production of cytokines, which indicatedthat TRAIL exerted its anti-inflammatory effects by direct inhibition of T-cell activation. Moreover, TRAIL receptor(TRAIL-R)-knockout mice developed more severe disease, and the protective effects of TRAIL were abolished in theexperimental arthritis model in TRAIL-R knockout mice. From these results, we conclude that TRAIL suppressesjoint inflammation via an apoptosis-independent pathway and directly inhibits T-cell activation. Our results providea novel apoptosis-independent, immune regulatory role for TRAIL in suppressing inflammatory arthritis and shedlight on the development of effective new therapies for autoimmune inflammatory diseases.

关键词： collagen-induced arthritis T-cell activation TRAIL

Monitoring of PON System Using Compound Surveillance Technique

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2015年第2期13卷 169-173页

作者： Sun-chien Ko hsiu-Jung Chuang Si-Chong Chen Chih-Yih Wang Sheng-Fwu Lin Telecommunication Laboratories Chunghwa Telecom Co.Ltd.

A passive optical network（PON） monitoring system combined light pulse and frequency sweep techniques is proposed and verified in a field test. The light pulse surveys over the all whole network and the frequency sweep are used to investigate any fault in the link. The field test is performed with 4 PONs. Each PON is monitored at 4 ports, one is the splitter port and the other three are arbitrary chosen multiple optical units（ONUs）. All the tested PONs are monitored in turns once per hour. Faults at the feeder and branch fiber have been observed in this field test and have been analyzed with the monitoring system.

关键词： verified arbitrary monitored splitter branch chosen reflective turns restoration realistic

VISCOPLASTIC COLLAPSE OF SHARP-NOTCHED CIRCULAR TUBES UNDER CYCLIC BENDING

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2013年第6期26卷 629-641页

作者： Kuo-Long lee chien-Min Hsu Wen-Fung Pan Department of Computer Application Engineering Far East University Department of Interior Design Tung Fang Design University Department of Engineering Science National Cheng Kung University

This study discusses the experimental result of the viscoplastic response and col- lapse of sharp-notched 316L stainless steel tubes with different notched depths subjected to cyclic bending. The tube bending machine and curvature-ovalization measurement apparatus were used for conducting the symmetric curvature-controlled cyclic bending. To highlight the viscoplastic behavior, three different curvature-rates, 0.0035, 0.035 and 0.35 m-1s-1, were controlled. Ob- servations of a certain curvature-rate reveal that five almost parallel lines corresponding to five different notch-depth （0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mm） tubes were presented in the experimental relationship between the cyclic controlled curvature and the number of cycles needed to pro- duce buckling on a log-log scale. However, the slopes for the three different curvature-rates are different. An empirical formulation was proposed to simulate the aforementioned relationship. When comparing with the experimental findings, the simulation was in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： viscoplastic collapse sharp-notched circular tube cyclic bending curvature-rate ovalization

An experimental study of in-plane arch-shaped dampers

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第4期17卷 849-867页

作者： chien-Liang lee Yen-Po Wang Meng-Yan Cai School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen 361024 Fujian China Department of Civil Engineering Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Chinese Taipei

As an effort to minimize material utilization, seismic steel dampers designed to deform inelastically in an in-plane flexural mode have attracted serious attention recently. This paper presents a new type of metallic yielding damper referred to as the in-plane arch-shaped damper modified from its portal frame-shaped counterpart by replacing the straight beam with a circular arch to minimize the effects of stress concentration and warping, and therefore to avoid premature failure. Component tests of both the portal frame-shaped and arch-shaped in-plane dampers were conducted for comparison. Hysteresis loops obtained from the component tests under cyclic loads indicate substantial improvement on the energydissipative characteristics of the proposed damper. Moreover, seismic performance assessment of the proposed damper was carried out further via shaking table tests of a five-story model frame. Encouraging results have been achieved in terms of acceleration reduction, damping enhancement and peak suppression of the frequency response functions, suggesting the potential of the proposed device to be used in earthquake-resisting systems.

关键词： seismic metallic yielding damper in-plane arch-shaped damper hysteresis loop shaking table test

Efficacy and Safety of Herbal Medicine Yun-Cai Tea in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia:A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第8期21卷 587-593页

作者： chien-Ying lee Min-chien Yu Chun-Che Lin Ming-Yung lee James Cheng-Chung Wei Hung-Che Shih Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Department of Pharmacy Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Chung Shan MedicalUniversity Hospital Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Statistics and Informatics Science Providence University Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Department of Pharmacology Chung Shan Medical University

Objective： Animal studies have demonstrated a lipid-modulating effect of yun-cai tea. However, little is known about the lipid-lowering effect in *** aim of this study was to evaluate the lipid lowering effects and safety of yun-cai tea in patients with elevated lipid levels in a human clinical trial. Methods： This was a 12-week, randomly assigned, parallel-group, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot clinical study. Sixty primary hyperlipidemia patients were included and randomly assigned to the yun-cai tea group （30 patients） and the placebo group （30 patients）, for 8 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks of follow-up. The primary endpoint was changes in plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C） at 8 weeks. The secondary endpoints included total cholesterol （TC） and triglycerides （TG）. Results： Our results revealed no statistically significant differences in LDL-C and TC between the two groups. Despite the lack of a statistically significant difference in the level of TG between the two groups, a declining trend was noted. A significant reduction of TG was observed in the yun-cai tea group at week 8, compared to baseline （P=0.048）. The incidence of stomach discomfort, gastroesophageal reflux, diarrhea, and constipation was slightly higher in the yun-cai tea group. No other significant adverse events were found. Conclusions： It is unlikely that yun-cai tea used had a blood lipid reduction effect. Further larger scale clinical trials with a longer duration and larger dose are necessary.

关键词： yun-cai tea low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol total cholesterol triglycerides

GIS-based Evaluation on the Fault Motion-Induced Coseismic Landslides

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第5期9卷 601-612页

作者： Ming-Wey HUANG chien-Yuan CHEN Tzu-hsiu WU Chi-Ling CHANG Sheu-Yien LIU Ching-Yun KAO Taiwan Science & Technology Center for Disaster Reduction Sindian City Taipei County 231 Chinese Taipei Taiwan Chiayi University Department of Civil & Water Resources Engineering Chiayi City 60004 Chinese Taipei Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Institute of Industrial Safety & Disaster Prevention Tainan City 71710 Chinese Taipei

Earthquake-induced potential landslides are commonly estimated using landslide susceptibility maps. Nevertheless, the fault location is not identified and the ground motion caused by it is unavailable in the map. Thus, potential coseismic landslides for a specific fault motion-induced earthquake could not be predicted using the map. It is meaningful to incorporate the fault location and ground motion characteristics into the landslide predication model. A new method for a specific fault motion-induced coseismic landslide prediction model using GIS （Geographic Information System） is proposed herein. Location of mountain ridges, slope gradients over 45~, PVGA （Peak Vertical Ground Accelerations） exceeded o.15 g, and PHGA （Peak Horizontal Ground Accelerations） exceeded o.25 g of slope units were representing locations that initiated landslides during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. These coseismic landslide characteristics were used to identify areas where landslides occurred during Meishan fault motion-induced strong ground motions in Chiayi County in Taiwan. The strong ground motion （over 8 Gal in the database, 1 Gal = 0.0l m/s2, and 1 g = 981 GaD characteristics were evaluated by the fault length, site distance to the fault, and topography, and their attenuation relations are presented in GIS. The results of the analysis show that coseismic landslide areas could be identified promptly using GIS. The earthquake intensity and focus depthhave visible effects on ground motion. The shallower the focus depth, the larger the magnitude increase of the landslides. The GIS-based landslide predication method is valuable combining the geomorphic characteristics and ground motion attenuation relationships for a potential region landslide hazard assessment and in disaster mitigation planning.

关键词： Coseismic landslide GIS Chi-Chiearthquake