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Epstein-Barr virus infection and persistence in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells

chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 549-555页

作者： chi man tsang Wen Deng Yim Ling Yip Mu-Sheng Zeng Kwok Wai Lo Sai Wah Tsao Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South china Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection is closely associated with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), strongly implicating a role for EBV in NPC pathogenesis; conversely, EBV infection is rarely detected in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues. In general, EBV does not show a strong tropism for infecting human epithelial cells, and EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells is believed to be lytic in nature. To establish life-long infection in humans, EBV has evolved efficient strategies to infect B cells and hijack their cellular machinery for latent infection. Lytic EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells, though an infrequent event, is believed to be a major source of infectious EBV particles for salivary transmission. The biological events associated with nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are only beginning to be understood with the advancement of EBV infection methods and the availability of nasopharyngeal epithelial cell models for EBV infection studies. EBV infection in human epithelial cells is a highly inefficient process compared to that in B cells, which express the complement receptor type 2(CR2) to mediate EBV infection. Although receptor(s) on the epithelial cell surface for EBV infection remain(s) to be identified, EBV infection in epithelial cells could be achieved via the interaction of glycoproteins on the viral envelope with surface integrins on epithelial cells, which might trigger membrane fusion to internalize EBV in cells. Normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are not permissive for latent EBV infection, and EBV infection in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells usually results in growth arrest. However, genetic alterations in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, including p16 deletion and cyclin D1 overexpression, could override the growth inhibitory effect of EBV infection to support stable and latent EBV infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. The EBV episome in NPC is clonal in nature, suggesting that

关键词：病毒感染上皮细胞鼻咽癌持久性细胞周期蛋白D1 全国人民代表大会生长抑制作用 EB病毒

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The role of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第2期30卷 107-121页

作者： chi man tsang Sai Wah Tsao Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection. EBV episomes are detected in almost all NPC cells. The role of EBV in NPC pathogenesis has long been postulated but remains enigmatic. In contrast to infection of B lymphocytes, EBV infection does not directly transform nasopharyngeal epithelial cells into proliferative clones with malignant potential. EBV infection of normal pharyngeal epithelial cells is predominantly lytic in nature. Genetic alterations in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelium, in combination with inflammatory stimulation in the nasopharyngeal mucosa, presumably play essential roles in the establishment of a latent EBV infection in infected nasopharyngeal epithelial cells during the early development of NPC. Establishment of latent EBV infection in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and expression of latent viral genes, including the BART transcripts and BART-encoded micro RNAs, are crucial features of NPC. Expression of EBV genes may drive further malignant transformation of premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells into cancer cells. The difficulties involved in the establishment of NPC cell lines and the progressive loss of EBV epsiomes in NPC cells propagated in culture strongly implicate the contribution of host stromal components to the growth of NPC cells in vivo and maintenance of EBV in infected NPC cells. Defining the growth advantages of EBV-infected NPC cells in vivo will lead to a better understanding of the contribution of EBV infection in NPC pathogenesis, and may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for NPC treatment.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) nasopharyngeal carcinoma latent infection pathogenesis inflammation

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Urocortin and cardiovascular protection

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第3期25卷 3-11页

作者： chi-wai LAU,Yau-chi CHAN,Suk-ying tsang,Franky Leung CHAN The chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong china Department of Anatomy The chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong china Department of Anatomy The chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong china Department of Anatomy The chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong china Department of Anatomy

Urocortin and other hypothalamus corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) polypeptides play biologically diverse roles in the stress, cardiovascular and inflammatory responses by acting on central and peripheral CRF receptors. Urocortin shows a significantly high sequence homology to CRF, and the concurrent expression of type-2 CRF (CRF2) receptors with urocortin in the heart suggests that urocortin may play a physiological role in the cardiac function. Urocortin is thought to be the endogenous agonist producing the cardiovascular actions previously attributed to CRF. This review highlights the current novel findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which urocortin may exert its cardiovascular protective action.

关键词： urocortin corticotropin-releasing hormone vascular smooth muscle heart vasodilaion second messenger system protein kinases

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Probe-assisted NMR:Recent progress on the surface study of crystalline metal oxides with various terminated facets

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2022年第1期2卷 9-16,I0002页

作者： Yung-Kang Peng Shik-chi Edman tsang Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR0000China The Wolfson Catalysis Centre Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX13QRUK

The development of metal oxides with specific facet exposure for better catalytic performance in targeted applications has been ***,the understanding of surface structure-activity correlation is severely hindered by the current poor resolution of conventional surface characterization *** this mini-review,some of the latest research developments on the characterization of the surface structure and properties of faceted ZnO and TiO_(2)by probe-assisted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)are discussed.

关键词： Probe-assisted nuclear magnetic resonance Surface structure-property relationship ZnO TiO_(2)

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GO-modified flexible polymer nanocomposites fabricated via 3D stereolithography

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 736-743页

作者： chi Him Alpha tsang Adilet Zhakeyev Dennis Y.C.Leung Jin Xuan School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK

Graphene oxide(GO)induced enhancement of elastomer properties showed a great deal of potential in recent years,but it is still limited by the barrier of the complicated synthesis ***(SLA),used in fabrication of thermosets and very recently in“flexible”polymers with elastomeric properties,presents itself as simple and user-friendly method for integration of GO into *** this work,it was first time demonstrated that GO loadings can be incorporated into commercial flexible photopolymer resins to successfully fabricate GO/elastomer nanocomposites via readily accessible,consumer-oriented SLA *** material properties of the resulting polymer was characterized and *** mechanical strength,stiffness,and the elongation of the resulting polymer decreased with the addition of *** thermal properties were also adversely affected upon the increase in the GO content based on differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis *** was proposed that the GO agglomerates within the 3D printed composites,can result in significant change in both mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting *** study demonstrated the possibility for the development of the GO/elastomer nanocomposites after the optimization of the GO/“Hexible”photoreactive resin formulation for SLA with suitable annealing process of the composite in future.

关键词： graphene oxide polymer flexible 3D printing stereolithography

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Improving Catalytic Stability and Coke Resistance of Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) Catalysts with Ce Promoter for Relatively Low Temperature Dry Reforming of Methane Reaction

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Chemical Research in chinese Universities 2022年第4期38卷 1032-1040页

作者： HE Lulu CHEN Xin REN Yuanhang YUE Bin tsang Shik chi Edman HE Heyong Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan UniversityShanghai200438P.R.China Wolfson Catalysis Centre Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX13QRUK

A series of Ni catalysts supported on alumina with different Ce contents(1.0%–6.0%,mass fraction)was prepared by the impregnation method and used for dry reforming of methane(DRM)at a relatively low temperature of 650°*** promotion effect of Ce with different loading amounts on the physicochemical properties of the catalysts was systematically characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),N_(2) adsorption-desorption,thermo elemental IRIS Intrepid inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES),UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS),Fourier transformation infrared(FTIR)spectra,H_(2)-temperature programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR)analysis,H_(2)-temperature programmed desorption(H_(2)-TPD),and The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** results indicate that all the catalysts mainly exist in the NiAl_(2)O_(4) phase after being calcined at 750°C with small Ni particle sizes due to the strong metal-support interaction derived from the reduction of the NiAl_(2)O_(4) *** Ce-promoted catalysts show better catalytic performance as well as the resistance against sintering of Ni particles and deposition of carbon compared to the Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) *** Ni-6Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) exhibits the best catalytic stability and coke resistance among the four catalysts studied,which is due to its small Ni nanoparticles sizes,excellent reducibility as well as high amount of active oxygen *** a 400 h stability test for DRM reaction at 650°C,Ni-6Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) exhibits less coke deposition and small growth of Ni *** work provides a simple way to preparing the Ni-Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst with enhanced catalytic performance in *** Ni-6Ce/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst has great potential for industrial application due to its anti-sintering ability and resistance to carbon deposition.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane(DRM) Cerium oxide Ni-based catalyst Coke resistance

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Brain delivering RNA-based therapeutic strategies by targeting mTOR pathway for axon regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2157-2165页

作者： Ming-Xi Li Jing-Wen Weng Eric S.Ho Shing Fung Chow chi Kwan tsang Clinical Neuroscience Institute The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science Lafayette CollegeEastonPAUSA

Injuries to the central nervous system(CNS)such as stroke,brain,and spinal cord trauma often result in permanent disabilities because adult CNS neurons only exhibit limited axon *** brain has a surprising intrinsic capability of recovering itself after ***,the hostile extrinsic microenvironment significantly hinders axon *** advances have indicated that the inactivation of intrinsic regenerative pathways plays a pivotal role in the failure of most adult CNS neuronal ***,substantial evidence has convincingly demonstrated that the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling is one of the most crucial intrinsic regenerative pathways that drive axonal regeneration and sprouting in various CNS *** this review,we will discuss the recent findings and highlight the critical roles of mTOR pathway in axon regeneration in different types of CNS ***,we will demonstrate that the reactivation of this regenerative pathway can be achieved by blocking the key mTOR signaling components such as phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN).Given that multiple mTOR signaling components are endogenous inhibitory factors of this pathway,we will discuss the promising potential of RNA-based therapeutics which are particularly suitable for this purpose,and the fact that they have attracted substantial attention recently after the success of coronavirus disease 2019 *** specifically tackle the blood-brain barrier issue,we will review the current technology to deliver these RNA therapeutics into the brain with a focus on nanoparticle *** will propose the clinical application of these RNA-mediated therapies in combination with the brain-targeted drug delivery approach against mTOR signaling components as an effective and feasible therapeutic strategy aiming to enhance axonal regeneration for functional recovery after CNS injury.

关键词： axon sprouting axon regeneration brain targeted drug delivery CNS injury ischemic stroke mTOR nanoparticle neural circuit reconstruction PTEN RNA-based therapeutics

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Effect of Bronsted/Lewis Acid Ratio on Conversion of Sugars to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over Mesoporous Nb and Nb-W Oxides

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chinese Journal of Chemistry 2017年第10期35卷 1529-1539页

作者： Bin Guo Lin Ye Gangfeng Tang Li Zhang Bin Yue Shik chi Edman tsang Heyong He Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Col- laborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Wolfson Catalysis Centre Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3QR UK

A series of mesoporous Nb and Nb-W oxides were employed as highly active solid acid catalysts for the con- version of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF）. The results of solid state 31p MAS NMR spectroscopy with adsorbed trimethylphosphine as probe molecule show that the addition of W in niobium oxide increases the number of Bronsted acid sites and decreases the number of Lewis acid sites. The catalytic performance for Nb-W oxides varied with the ratio of Bronsted to Lewis acid sites and high glucose conversion was observed over NbsW5 and NbTWs oxides with high ratios of Bronsted to Lewis acid sites. All Nb-W oxides show a relatively high selectivity of HMF, whereas no HMF forms over sulfuric acid due to its pure Bronsted acidity. The results indicate fast isom- erization of glucose to fructose over Lewis acid sites followed by dehydration of fructose to HMF over Bronsted acid sites. Moreover, comparing to the reaction occurred in aqueous media, the 2-butanol/H2O system enhances the HMF selectivity and stabilizes the activity of the catalysts which gives the highest HMF selectivity of 52% over NbTW3 oxide. The 2-butanol/H2O catalytic system can also be employed in conversion of sucrose, achieving HMF selectivity of 46% over Nb5W5 oxide.

关键词： carbohydrates glucose HMF Nb-W oxide heterogeneous catalysis

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Structural insight into palladium-nickel clusters over mordenite zeolite for carbene-insertion reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 89-99页

作者： Guangchao Li Ping-Luen Baron Ho Bryan Kit Yue Ng Tai-Sing Wu Pawel Rymarz Shik chi Edman tsang Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Chemistry University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 30076China

The advancement of heterogeneous catalysts incorporating metal clusters in the nanometric size range has garnered significant attention due to their extraordinary catalytic activity and *** detailed characterization and understanding of the atomic structure of these metal clusters within catalysts is crucial for elucidating the underlying reaction *** the present study,a distinctive three-atom PdNi cluster,characterized by two Pd atoms at terminal positions and a central Ni atom,was synthesized over mordenite *** presence of atomic PdNi clusters within the eight-membered ring side pocket area was confirmed by multiple advanced analytical techniques,including magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction,extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy,and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron *** catalytic activity of the confined active species was examined by the carbene-mediated reactions of ethyl-2-diazoacetate to ethyl-2-methoxyacetate as a model *** to the Pd-mordenite and Ni-mordenite,the PdNi-mordenite catalyst incorporates a PdNi cluster,which demonstrates a superior performance,achieving 100%conversion and high selectivity under the same reaction *** study elucidates the potential of constructing bimetallic clusters in zeolites,providing valuable insights for developing new heterogeneous catalysts applicable to a wide range of catalytic processes.

关键词： zeolite metal cluster synchrotron X-ray diffraction carbene-mediated reaction

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Engineering and microstructure properties of contaminated marine sediments solidified by high content of incinerated sewage sludge ash

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第3期13卷 643-652页

作者： Jiang-Shan Li Yifan Zhou Xin Chen Qiming Wang Qiang Xue Daniel C.W.tsang chi Sun Poon State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science Hung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sludge and Soil Science and Engineering Wuhan430071China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

management of incinerated sewage sludge ash(ISSA)and dredged contaminated marine sediments(CMSs)is a great challenge for Hong Kong and other coastal cities due to limited landfilling *** present study investigates the use of high content(20%of sediment by mass)of ISSA in combination with cement/lime for solidification/stabilization(S/S)treatment of CMSs to provide a way to reuse the wastes as construction *** results showed that ISSA being a porous material was able to absorb a large amount of water rendering a more efficient solidification process of the marine sediment which normally had a very high water content(w80%).The S/S treatment improved the engineering properties of the sediment,but reduced the workability,especially for the lime-treated *** can be used to replace ordinary Portland cement(OPC)for better heavy metal immobilization and carbon emission *** hardened sediment samples prepared with 10%of lime and 20%of ISSA could attain a strength of 1.6 MPa after 28 d of *** addition,leaching tests confirmed that there was no environmental risk induced by these stabilized *** formation of hydrated cementitious compounds including calcium silicate hydrate(CeSeH)/calcium aluminate silicate hydrate(C-A-S-H)/hydrocalumite/calcite was mainly responsible for the strength development in the ISSA/lime-treated sediments.

关键词： Contaminated marine sediment(CMS) Incinerated sewage sludge ash(ISSA) Solidification/stabilization(S/S) Heavy metals Construction material

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