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Safety issues of methylglyoxal and potential scavengers

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第3期5卷 312-320页

作者： Shiming LI Siyu LIU chi-Tang ho Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuanggang Normal University Department of Food Science Rutgers University

The health safety of methylglyoxal(MGO) has been recognized as a key issue owing to its ultra-high reactivity toward some key biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins, DNA, sulfhydryl-and basic nitrogencontaining compounds, including amino-bearing neurotransmitters. In this review, we have summarized the endoand exogenous sources of MGO and its accumulation inside the body due to high intake, abnormal glucose metabolism and or malfunctioning glyoxalases, and review the debate concerning the adverse functionality of MGO ingested from foods. Higher than normal concentrations of MGO in the circulatory system and tissues have been found to be closely associated with the production of advanced glycation end products(AGEs), increased oxidative stress, elevated inflammation and RAGE(AGE receptors) activity, which subsequently progresses to a pathological stage of human health, such as diabetes complications, cancer, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. Having illustrated the mechanisms of MGO trapping in vivo, we advocate the development of efficient and efficacious MGO scavengers, either assisting or enhancing the activity of endogenous glyoxalases to facilitate MGO removal, or providing phytochemicals and functional foods containing them, or pharmaceuticals to irreversibly bind MGO and thus form MGO-complexes that are cleared from the body.

关键词： reactive carbonyl species advanced glycation end products diabetes brain health methylglyoxal trapping agents

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Tea aroma formation

Food Science and Human Wellness 2015年第1期4卷 9-27页

作者： chi-Tang ho Xin Zheng Shiming Li Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA College of Life Sciences Huanggang Normal UniversityHubei 438000China

Besides water,tea is one of the most popular beverages around the *** chemical ingredients and biological activities of tea have been summarized *** current review summarizes tea aroma compounds and their formation in green,black,and oolong *** flavor of tea can be divided into two categories:taste(non-volatile compounds)and aroma(volatile compounds).All of these aroma molecules are generated from carotenoids,lipids,glycosides,***,and also from Maillard *** the current review,we focus on the formation mechanism of main aromas during the tea manufacturing process.©2015 Beijing Academy of Food *** and hosting by Elsevier *** rights reserved.

关键词： Tea Aroma Formation Volatile Taste

Exogenous glutamic acid effectively involved in N-(1-deoxy-D-galulos-1-yl)-glutamic acid degradation for simultaneous improvement of both milk-like and baking flavor

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 840-847页

作者： Caixing Pan Heping Cui Khizar Hayat Xiaoming Zhang chi-Tang ho State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvinceJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxi214122JiangsuPR China Department of Kinesiology Nutritionand HealthMiami UniversityOxfordOH45056USA Department of Food Science Rutgers University65 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ08901United States

This research elucidated the reason of flavor deficiency during the thermal degradation of glutamic acid(Glu)-galactose(Gal)Amadori rearrangement product(GG-ARP)and the *** flavor formation from GG-ARP during the thermal degradation was *** to the volatile compounds in Glu-Gal Maillard reaction products(GG-MRP),pyrazines in the volatile compounds derived from GG-ARP were *** disadvantage in evolution asynchrony and content sufficiency ofα-dicarbonyl compounds and Glu in the GG-ARP model limited the pyrazines *** the addition of Gal,the asynchronous effect was further exacerbated,and the furans in the GG-ARP-Gal model(956.81μg/L,120℃,60 min)were more significantly dominant among the volatile flavor compounds than in the GG-ARP model(454.98μg/L,120℃,60 min),while the pyrazines were still ***,the extra-added Glu in the GG-ARP model could offset the deficiency of amino acids growth afterα-dicarbonyl formation and promote the formation of pyrazines(74.47μg/L,120℃,60 min).Meanwhile,the formation of diketones(92.96μg/L,120℃,60 min)was *** addition of Glu enhanced both milk-like and baking flavor of the GG-ARP system *** GG-ARP-Glu mixture was proposed to promisingly achieve the controlled formation of process flavors for baked foods with both desirable milk-like and baking scent.

关键词： Amadori rearrangement product Galactose Glutamic acid Flavors Asynchronous evolution

Suppression Strategy of Micro-waviness error in Ultra-precision Parallel Grinding

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第4期5卷 423-429页

作者： Shanshan Chen Shuming Yang chi Fai Cheung Lai Ting ho Feihu Zhang Xi’an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West RoadXi’an710049China Research Institute of Xi’an Jiaotong University ZhejiangHangzhou311215China The hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung HomKowloon999077Hong KongChina Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001China

Ultra-precision parallel grinding is widely used in the machining of complex optic components with high tolerance and excellent surface ***,the micro-waviness raised from the relative motion error of the grinding tool is frequently involved in the grinding process despite the fine dressing and dynamic balance work carried out,which posed a remarkable impact on the surface quality and form ***,it is essential to investigate the evolution mechanism of the micro-waviness error and determine a relevant strategy to suppress this kind of *** this paper,a model of the distribution of grinding points corresponding to the relative motion error of the grinding wheel is developed by considering the phase effect.A close relationship is found between the micro-waviness geometry and the distribution of grinding *** indicates that the phase shift is a significant parameter to determine the waviness pattern,and the uniform distribution of grinding points is beneficial to suppress the micro-waviness in parallel ***,an error-suppression strategy is proposed by adjusting the wheel speed to maintain an appropriate phase shift to suppress the micro-waviness *** work provides a new method to control the micro-waviness and reduce the effect of the waviness error on the surface generation.

关键词： Suppression strategy Micro-waviness Motion error Parallel grinding

Efficient page layout analysis on small devices

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第6期10卷 800-804页

作者： Eun-jung HAN Chee-onn wong Kee-chul JUNG Kyung-ho LEE Eun-yi KIM Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Inha University Human-Centered Interfaces Lab Department of Digital MediaSoongsil University Internet and Media Engineering Konkuk University

Previously we have designed and implemented new image browsing facilities to support effective offiine image contents on mobile devices with limited capabilities： low bandwidth, small display, and slow processing. In this letter, we fulfill the automatic production of cartoon contents fitting small-screen display, and introduce a clustering method useful for various types of cartoon images as a prerequisite stage for preserving semantic meaning. The usage of neural networks is to properly cut the various forms of pages. Texture information that is useful for grayscale image segmentation gives us a good clue for page layout analysis using the multilayer perceptron （MLP） based x-y recursive algorithm. We also automatically frame the segment MLP using agglomerative segmentation. Our experimental results show that the combined approaches yield good results of segmentation for several cartoons.

关键词： Efficient page layout analysis MLP-based segmentation Mobile devices Image segmentation Neural network

A Macroscopic Approach to the Lane Formation Phenomenon in Pedestrian Counterflow

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chinese Physics Letters 2011年第10期28卷 277-280页

作者： XIONG Tao ZHANG Peng wong SC SHU chi-Wang ZHANG Meng-Ping Department of Mathematics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072 Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA

We simulate pedestrian counterflow by adopting an optimal path-choice strategy and a recently observed speed-density *** the whole system is symmetric,the simulation demonstrates the segregation and formation of many walking lanes for two groups of *** symmetry breaking is most likely triggered by a small numerical viscosity or"noise",and the segregation is associated with the minimization of travel *** underlying physics can be compared with the"optimal self-organization"mechanism in Helbing's social force model,by which driven entities in an open system tend to minimize their interaction to enable them to reach some ordering state.

关键词： flow system optimal

An Investigation of Effect of Stand-Off Distance on the Material Removal Characteristics and Surface Generation in Fluid Jet Polishing

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2020年第2期3卷 112-122页

作者： Chun Jin Wang chi Fai Cheung Lai Ting ho Yee Man Loh State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

Fluid jet polishing(FJP)is a versatile polishing process that has many advantages compared to other polishing ***-off distance(SOD)is one of the key parameters in flu id jet polishi ***,relatively little research work has been carried out to investigate its effect of SOD on material removal characteristics and surface generation in *** this paper,a systematic investigation of the effect of SOD on the tool influence function and surface topography in FJP was *** were designed for FJP two kinds of materials corresponding to ductile and brittle *** are nickel copper(NiCu)alloy and BK7 optical glass,*** this study,the SOD was varied from 2 to 35 *** and discussions were made on its effect on the shape of TIF,material removal rate,and surface *** is interesting to note that the TIF shape becomes a Gaussian-like shape with large SOD both on NiCu and BK7,which provides a novel way to optimize the TIF in *** variation of the material removal rate and surface roughness versus SOD on NiCu and BK7 were also determined from the experimental ***,the surface topography of NiCu and BK7 were characterized from the results measured from the white light interferometer and scan electron *** outcome of the study provides a better understanding of the material removal characteristics and surface generation mechanism in FJP.

关键词： Fluid jet polishing Material removal characteristics Stand-off distance Tool influence function Surface generation Ultra-precision machining

Improving the stability and bioavailability of tea polyphenols by encapsulations:a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第3期11卷 537-556页

作者： Zhiya Yin Ting Zheng chi-Tang ho Qingrong Huang Qingli Wu Man Zhang Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNJ 08901USA New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program epartment of Plant BiologyRutgers UniversityNJ 08901USA Department of Medicinal Chemistry Rutgers UniversityNJ 08854USA Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems The New Jersey Institute for FoodNutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNJ 08901USA

Tea polyphenols(TPPs)have attracted significant research interest due to their health ***,TPPs are sensitive to certain environmental and gastrointestinal conditions and their oral bioavailability was found to be very *** systems made of food-grade materials have been reported to improve the shelf-life,bioavailability and bioefficacy of *** review discusses the chemistry of TPPs;the setbacks of TPPs for application;and the strategies to counteract application limitations by rationally designing delivery *** overview of different formulations used to encapsulate TPPs is provided in this study,such as emulsion-based systems(liposome,nanoemulsion,double emulsion,and Pickering emulsion)and nano/microparticles-based systems(protein-based,carbohydrate-based,and bi-polymer based).In addition,the stability,bioavailability and bioactivities of encapsulated TPPs are evaluated by various in vitro and in vivo *** current findings provide scientific insights in encapsulation approaches for the delivery of TPPs,which can be of great value to TPPs-fortified food *** explorations are needed for the encapsulated TPPs in terms of their applications in the real food industry as well as their biological fate and functional pathways in vivo.

关键词： Tea polyphenols Encapsulation Stability Bioavailability Bioefficacy

Supramolecular Polymer Intertwined Free-Standing Bifunctional Membrane Catalysts for All-Temperature Flexible Zn-Air Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第11期14卷 341-360页

作者： Nayantara K.Wagh Sambhaji S.Shinde chi ho Lee Sung-Hae Kim Dong-Hyung Kim Han-Don Um Sang Uck Lee Jung-ho Lee Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea Department of Applied Chemistry Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and ResearchHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonGangwon 24341Republic of Korea

Rational construction of flexible free-standing electrocatalysts featuring long-lasting durability,high efficiency,and wide temperature tolerance under harsh practical operations are fundamentally significant for commercial zinc-air ***,3D flexible free-standing bifunctional membrane electrocatalysts composed of covalently cross-linked supramolecular polymer networks with nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride nanotubes are fabricated(referred to as PEMAC@NDCN)by a facile self-templated ***@NDCN demonstrates the lowest reversible oxygen bifunctional activity of 0.61 V with exceptional long-lasting durability,which outperforms those of commercial Pt/C and RuO_(2).Theoretical calculations and control experi-ments reveal the boosted electron transfer,electrolyte mass/ion transports,and abundant active surface site ***,the constructed alkaline Zn-air battery with PEMAC@NDCN air-cathode reveals superb power density,capacity,and discharge-charge cycling stability(over 2160 cycles)compared to the reference Pt/C+RuO_(2).Solid-state Zn-air batteries enable a high power density of 211 mW cm^(−2),energy density of 1056 Wh kg^(−1),stable charge-discharge cycling of 2580 cycles for 50 mA cm^(−2),and wide temperature tolerance from−40 to 70℃with retention of 86%capacity compared to room-temperature counterparts,illustrating prospects over harsh operations.

关键词： Flexible free-standing membrane electrocatalysts Supramolecular polymer Alkaline and flexible solid-state Zn-air batteries All-temperature operations High capacity and energy density