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Effects of prebiotics on the fermentation of traditional suancai of Northeast China

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1358-1367页

作者： Mingwei Zhao Xinying Cao yuzheng Wu Sibo Zou Zhigao Li Xinping Lin Chaofan Ji Liang Dong Sufang Zhang chenxu yu Huipeng Liang National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Deep ProcessingCollaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep ProcessingSchool of Food Science and TechnologyDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityIA 50011USA

Suancai is a traditional fermented vegetable widely consumed in Northeast *** this study,different prebiotics were used to improve the quality of *** prebiotics(inulin(INU),xylooligosaccharide(XO S),galactooligosaccharide(GOS),and stachyose(STA))were shown to reduce the pH value and increase the content of total titratable acidity(TTA)in suancai,while the contents of most organic acids were also *** addition of prebiotics had significant effects on the bacterial microbiota during the suancai fermentation *** prebiotics were shown to contribute to the growth of *** suancai sample with fructooligosaccharides(FOS)had the highest relative abundance of ***,INU and XOS could increase the abundance of *** evaluate the quality of suancai fermented with prebiotics,profiles of volatile flavor compounds(VOCs)and free amino acids(FAA)were *** prebiotics affected the VOCs and FAA profiles via transforming the bacterial *** addition,the addition of prebiotics also changed the taste profiles of the suancai *** study is among the first attempts to reveal the effects of different prebiotics on suancai fermentation,and the findings provide a foundation to develop new ways for improving the quality of suancai.

关键词： Bacterial microbiota Lactic acid bacteria Flavor Amino acid Taste

Rational design of oral drugs targeting mucosa delivery with gut organoid platforms

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第12期30卷 116-128页

作者： Tianjian Tong Yijun Qi Derrick Rollins Luke D.Bussiere Debarpan Dhar Cathy L.Miller chenxu yu Qun Wang Department of Agricultural Biosystem and Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Interdepartmental Microbiology Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

Effective oral drugs and vaccines require high delivery efficiency across the gastrointestinal epithelia and protection of medically effective payloads(i.e.,immunogens)against gastric *** this study,hollowed nanocarriers(NCs:silica nanospheres and gold nanocages)with poly-l-lysine(PLL)coating and mammalian orthoreovirus cell attachment proteinσ1 functionalization(NC-PLL-σ1)were explored as functional oral drug delivery vehicles(ODDVs).The transport of these ODDVs to mucosal lymphoid tissues could be facilitated by microfold cells(M-cells)mediated transcytosis(viaσ1-α2–3-linked sialic acids adherence)across gastrointestinal *** coating provided protection and slow-release of rhodamine 6 G(R6G),a model *** transport effectiveness of these ODDVs was tested on intestinal organoid monolayers in *** compared with other experimental groups,the fully functionalized ODDV system(with PLL-σ1)demonstrated two significant advantages:a significantly higher transport efficiency(198%over blank control at 48 h);and protection of payloads which led to both better transport efficiency and extended-release of payloads(61%over uncoated carriers at 48 h).In addition,it was shown that the M cell presence in intestinal organoid monolayers(modulated by Rank L stimulation)was a determining factor on the transport efficiency of the ODDVs:more M-cells(induced by higher Rank L)in the organoid monolayers led to higher transport efficiency for ODDV-delivered model payload(R6G).The fully functionalized ODDVs showed great potential as effective oral delivery vehicles for drugs and vaccines.

关键词： Oral drug delivery vehicles Organoids Biomimetic virus Sigma 1 protein Gold and silica nanoparticles

Biomimetic Lightweight Design of Legged Robot Hydraulic Drive Unit Shell Inspired by Geometric Shape of Fish Bone Rib Structure

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1238-1252页

作者： Zhipeng Huang Xinjie Li Xikang Guan Xueqing Sun chenxu Wang yuepeng Xu Bin yu Xiangdong Kong School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China School of Arts and Design Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Heavy Machinery Fluid Power Transmission and Control Qinhuangdao066004China

The lightweight design of hydraulic quadruped robots,especially the lightweight design of the leg joint Hydraulic Drive Unit(HDU),can improve the robot's response speed,motion speed,endurance,and load ***,the lightweight design of HDU is a huge challenge due to the need for structural *** paper is inspired by the geometric shape of fish bones and biomimetic reinforcing ribs on the surface of the HDU shell are designed to increase its strength and reduce its ***,a HDU shell with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs structure is ***,the MATLAB toolbox and ANSYS finite element analysis module are used to optimize the parameters of the biomimetic reinforcing ribs structure and the overall layout of the ***,the HDU shell is manufactured using additive manufacturing technology,and a performance testing platform is built to conduct dynamic and static performance tests on the designed *** experimental results show that the HDU with biomimetic fish bone reinforcing ribs has excellent dynamic performance and better static performance than the prototype model,and the weight of the shell is reduced by 20%compared to the prototype *** work has broad application prospects in the lightweight and high-strength design of closed-pressure vessel components.

关键词： Hydraulic drive unit Lightweight design of shell Biomimetic fish bone structure design Dynamic and static performance testing

(+)/(-)-Gerbeloid A,a pair of unprecedented coumarin-based polycyclic meroterpenoid enantiomers from Gerbera piloselloides:Structural elucidation,semi-synthesis,and lipid-lowering activity

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2657-2668页

作者： chenxu Zhao Jingrong Li yue Hu Lingyu Li Meng yu yunfeng Huang Tao Zhang Hai Shang Zhongmei Zou State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine&Pharmaceutical ScienceNanning 530000China

A pair of coumarin-based polycyclic meroterpenoid enantiomers(+)/(-)-gerbeloid A[(+)-1a and(-)-1b]were isolated from the medicinal plant Gerbera piloselloides,which have a unique caged oxatricyclo[4.***.2.0^(3,8)]decene *** planar and three-dimensional structures were exhaustively characterized by comprehensive spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction *** by the hypothetical biosynthetic pathway,the biomimetic synthesis of racemic 1 was achieved using 4-hydroxy-5-methylcoumarin and citral as the starting material via oxa-6πelectrocyclization and intramolecular[2+2]***,the results of the biological activity assay demonstrated that both(+)-1a and(-)-1b exhibited potent lipid-lowering effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the high-fat diet zebrafish ***,the lipid-lowering activity of(+)-1a is better than that of(-)-1b at the same concentration,and molecular mechanism study has shown that(+)-1a and(-)-1b impairs adipocyte differentiation and stimulate lipolysis by regulating C/EBPα/PPARγsignaling and Perilipin signaling in vitro and in *** findings provide a promising drug model molecule for the treatment of obesity.

关键词： Gerbera piloselloides Natural products Coumarin meroterpenoid Structural elucidation Biomimetic synthesis Lipid-lowering activity 3T3-L1 adipocytes High-fat diet zebrafish model

Haploids can be induced in knockout mutants of OsPLA1,but not OsDMP3 or OsDMP6,in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 213-221页

作者： Zongkai Liu yu Zhong Xiaolong Qi Tai An Shuwei Guo Dong Wang yuwen Wang Bin Feng Zuofeng Zhu Shaojiang Chen chenxu Liu National Maize Improvement Center Engineering Research Center of Ministry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants(Rice) Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Doubled haploid(DH)technology is an important tool in crop breeding because it can significantly accelerate the breeding ***1/MATL/NLD and ZmDMP are two key genes controlling haploid induction(HI)in maize,exhibiting a synergistic ***,it is unknown whether knock out of ZmDMP orthologs can stimulate HI in *** this study,a ZmPLA1 ortholog(OsPLA1)and two ZmDMP orthologs(OsDMP3 and OsDMP6)were identified in *** three genes encode plasma membrane-localized proteins and were highly expressed in mature *** of OsPLA1 in both Minghui 63 and Nipponbare resulted in reduced seed setting rate(SSR)and caused *** osdmp3,osdmp6 and the double mutant failed to trigger HI independently,nor increased the haploid induction rate(HIR)when combined with *** pollinations operations of QX654A with the ospla1 mutant significantly improve SSR,while reducing ***-seq profiling of mature ospla1 mutant anthers indicated that a large number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in redox homeostasis and lipid metabolic GO terms,plant hormone signal transduction,and MAPK signaling *** findings provide important insights towards construction of an efficient DH breeding technology and study of the molecular mechanism of HI in rice.

关键词： Doubled haploid breeding Haploid induction Mutation anlaysis Rice

An ultrathin and crack-free metal-organic framework film for effective polysulfide inhibition in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2024年第2期3卷 306-315页

作者： Cheng Zhou chenxu Dong Weixiao Wang yu Tian Chunli Shen Kaijian Yan Liqiang Mai Xu Xu International School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA

Due to their extensive microporous structure,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)find widespread application in constructing modification layers,functioning as ion ***,the modification layers prepared by existing methods feature gaps between MOFs that are noticeably larger than the inherent MOF pore *** and lithium ions unavoidably permeate through these gaps,hindering the full exploitation of the structural ***,an ultrathin(20 nm)and crack-free MOF film is formed on the separator by atomic layer deposition for the first *** on the separator,the mechanism of different MOF layers has been verified by phase field simulation and in situ Raman *** results accurately prove that the MOF particle layer can relieve the shuttle of polysulfides,but it does not have the effect of homogenizing lithium *** the ultrathin and crack-free MOF film with proper pore size can act as the ion sieve for both polysulfides and lithium *** a result,under the test condition of 2mA cm^(-2)-2 mAh cm^(-2),the overpotential of the Li/Li symmetric battery is only 18 mV after 2500 *** capacity retention rate of the lithium-sulfur battery is 95.6% after 500 cycles and 80% after 1000 cycles at 2 C.

关键词： crack-free film ion sieve lithium-sulfur battery metal-organic framework separator

(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料的制备与组织性能

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复合材料学报 2018年第4期35卷 896-902页

作者：李雨蔚肖来荣赵小军余宸旭张贝中南大学材料科学与工程学院长沙410083 中南大学有色金属材料与工程教育部重点实验室长沙410083

采用浸涂法和热压烧结法制备了(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料,研究了SiC_P含量对材料组织结构、拉伸性能和断裂韧性的影响。结果表明,制备的(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料层间厚度均匀,界面结合力良好,增强颗粒SiC能够弥散分布于黏结相中... 详细信息

采用浸涂法和热压烧结法制备了(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料,研究了SiC_P含量对材料组织结构、拉伸性能和断裂韧性的影响。结果表明,制备的(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料层间厚度均匀,界面结合力良好,增强颗粒SiC能够弥散分布于黏结相中和界面处。随着SiC_P体积分数的增加,(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度都先增加后降低,当SiC_P的体积分数为20vol%(总体积为100)时,其抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值,分别为226.5MPa和113.1MPa,断裂方式主要为韧性断裂和部分脆性解理断裂。裂纹扩展方向平行于层界面时,材料的断裂韧性随SiC_P体积分数的增加略有减小,SiC_P体积分数为15%时达到最大值16.96MPa·m^(1/2);裂纹扩展方向垂直于层界面时,(SiC_P/Cu)-铜箔叠层复合材料的断裂韧性随SiC_P体积分数的增加逐渐减小,SiC_P体积分数为15%时达到最大值12.51 MPa·m^(1/2)。

关键词：叠层复合材料 SiCP Cu 界面抗拉强度断裂韧性

Comparison of various prediction models in the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese population 5 years after surgery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 320-328页

作者： Chengyuan yu Liang Wang Guangzhong Xu Guanyang Chen Qing Sang Qiqige Wuyun Zheng Wang chenxu Tian Nengwei Zhang Surgery Centre of Diabetes Mellitus Peking University Ninth School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100038China Department of Surgery Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

Background:The effect of bariatric surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)control can be assessed based on predictive models of T2DM *** models have been externally verified ***,long-term validated results after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)surgery are *** best model for the Chinese population is also ***:We retrospectively analyzed Chinese population data 5 years after LSG at Beijing Shijitan Hospital in China between March 2009 and December *** independent t-test,Mann–Whitney U test,and chi-squared test were used to compare characteristics between T2DM remission and non-remission *** evaluated the predictive efficacy of each model for longterm T2DM remission after LSG by calculating the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,Youden index,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),and predicted-to-observed ratio,and performed calibration using Hosmer–Lemeshow test for 11 prediction ***:We enrolled 108 patients,including 44(40.7%)men,with a mean age of 35.5 *** mean body mass index was 40.3±9.1 kg/m^(2),the percentage of excess weight loss(%EWL)was(75.9±30.4)%,and the percentage of total weight loss(%TWL)was(29.1±10.6)%.The mean glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level was(7.3±1.8)%preoperatively and decreased to(5.9±1.0)%5 years after *** 5-year postoperative complete and partial remission rates of T2DM were 50.9%[55/108]and 27.8%[30/108],*** models,i.e.,"ABCD",individualized metabolic surgery(IMS),advanced-DiaRem,DiaBetter,Dixon et al’s regression model,and Panunzi et al’s regression model,showed a good discrimination ability(all AUC>0.8).The"ABCD"(sensitivity,74%;specificity,80%;AUC,0.82[95%confidence interval[CI]:0.74–0.89]),IMS(sensitivity,78%;specificity,84%;AUC,0.82[95%CI:0.73–0.89]),and Panunzi et al’s regression models(sensitivity,78%;specificity,91%;AUC,0.86[95%CI:0.78–0.92])showed good *** the Hosmer–Lemeshow g

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Risk prediction models External validation Sleeve gastrectomy Bariatric surgery

The Clumpy Structure of Five Star-bursting Dwarf Galaxies in the MaNGA Survey

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 83-103页

作者： Mengting Ju Jun Yin Lei Hao chenxu Liu Chao-Wei Tsai Junfeng Wang Zhengyi Shao Shuai Feng yu Rong Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Lab for Astrophysics Shanghai 200034China South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Astronomy Physics BuildingXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian 361005China College of Physics Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Shijiazhuang 050024China Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The star-forming clumps in star-bursting dwarf galaxies provide valuable insights into understanding the evolution of dwarf *** this paper,we focus on five star-bursting dwarf galaxies featuring off-centered clumps in the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory *** the stellar population synthesis software Fitting Analysis using Differential evolution Optimization,we obtain the spatially resolved distribution of the star formation history,which allows us to construct the g-band images of the five galaxies at different *** images can help us to probe the evolution of the morphological structures of these *** images of a stellar population older than 1 Gyr are typically smooth,images of a stellar population younger than 1 Gyr reveal significant clumps,including multiple clumps which appear at different locations and even different *** study the evolutionary connections of these five galaxies to other dwarf galaxies before their star-forming clumps appear,we construct the images of the stellar populations older than three age nodes,and define them to be the images of the"host"*** find that the properties such as the central surface brightness and the effective radii of the hosts of the five galaxies are in between those of dwarf ellipticals(dEs)and dwarf irregulars(dIrrs),with two clearly more similar to dEs and one more similar to *** the five galaxies,8257-3704 is particularly interesting,as it shows a previous starburst event that is not quite visible from its gri image,but only visible from images of the stellar population at a few hundred million *** star-forming clump associated with this event may have appeared at around 600 Myr ago and disappeared at around 40 Myr ago.

关键词： galaxies dwarf-galaxies evolution-galaxies formation-Galaxy structure