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Challenges and strategies of chlorine inhibition in anode systems for seawater electrolysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3198-3208页

作者： Chuqiang Huang Zhouzhou Wang Shaojun cheng yunpeng Liu Binglu Deng Shaoyi Xu Luo yu Ying yu School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy Foshan University Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology College of Physical Science and TechnologyCentral China Normal University Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH) University of Houston Laboratory of Solar Fuel Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of Geosciences

Seawater electrolysis for green hydrogen production is one of the key technologies for achieving carbon neutrality. However, in anode systems, the chloride ions（Cl-） in seawater will trigger an undesired chlorine evolution reaction（CER） that competes with an oxygen evolution reaction（OER）, resulting in inferior OER activity and selectivity. Besides, the corrosive Cl-and its derivative products will corrode anodes during seawater electrolysis, leading to poor stability. Therefore, great efforts have been devoted to developing efficient strategies for chlorine inhibition to improve the activity, selectivity, and stability of anode materials. Herein, focusing on chlorine inhibition, we present a mini review to comprehensively and concisely summarize the recent progress in anode systems for boosting seawater electrolysis. In particular, two strategies of physical and chemical regulation to inhibit Cl-are summarized in some representative cases. Finally, some challenges and future opportunities in anode systems for seawater electrolysis are prospected. This mini review aims to shed light on designing highly efficient anode materials for seawater electrolysis.

关键词： seawater electrolysis anode systems chlorine inhibition physical regulation chemical regulation

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Effect of movability of water on the low-velocity pre-Darcy flow in clay soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3299-3310页

作者： Hui cheng Fugang Wang Shengwei Li Xiaotong Guan Guohua Yang Zhongle cheng Ceting yu Yilong yuan Guanhong Feng Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun130012China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China chengdu Center China Geological SurveyChengdu610081China

Water seepage in soil is a fundamental problem involving various scientific and engineering *** to the literature,low-velocity water seepage in low-permeability porous media,such as clay,does not follow Darcy's law,also known as pre-Darcy *** formation of immovable water due to water adsorption on the pore wall is believed to be responsible for the formation of pre-Darcy ***,this view lacks direct solid *** investigate the pre-Darcy water flow in clay,head permeability experiments are conducted on six clay samples with different *** results indicate that water seepage in clay at low hydraulic gradients does not follow Darcy's law.A clear nonlinear relationship between flow velocity and hydraulic gradient is *** flow in clay can be divided into the pre-Darcy flow and Darcy flow regions by the critical hydraulic gradient,which is 10-12 for the Albic soil with dry density between 1.3 g/cm^(3)and 1.8 g/cm^(3).According to the disjoining pressure theory,immovable water due to water adsorption on the pore wall is the primary reason for water flow deviating from Darcy's law in *** results indicate that the percentage of movable water ranges from 39.7%to 59.3%for the six samples at a hydraulic gradient of *** the hydraulic gradient increases,the percentage of moveable water also ***,there is a strong correlation between the percentage of movable water and the variation in hydraulic conductivity with the hydraulic ***,a quantitative relationship between the percentage of movable water and the hydraulic conductivity has been *** results of this study suggest that water adsorption on the pore wall not only affects the water movability,but is also closely related to the pre-Darcy flow phenomenon in clay.

关键词： Pre-Darcy flow Clay Critical hydraulic gradient Water movability analysis

Troy: Efficient Service Deployment for Windows Systems

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 313-322页

作者： Deyu ZHANG yu XIE Mucong XU En cheng Xiaoyan KUI Bangwen HE yunhao LI School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University

The modern university computer lab and kindergarden through 12th grade classrooms require a centralized solution to efficiently manage a large number of desktops. The existing solutions either bring virtualization overhead in runtime or requires loading a large image over 30 GB leading to an unacceptable network latency. In this work, we propose Troy which takes advantage of the differencing virtual hard disk techniques in Windows *** such, Troy only loads the modifications made on one machine to all other machines. Troy consists of two modules that are responsible to generate an initial image and merge a differencing image with its parent image, respectively. Specifically, we identify the key fields in the virtual hard disk image that links the differencing image and the parent image and find the modified blocks in the differencing images that should be used to replace the blocks in the parent image. We further design a lazy copy solution to reduce the I/O burden in image merging. We have implemented Troy on bare metal machines. The evaluation results show that the performance of Troy is comparable to the native implementation in Windows, without requiring the Windows environment.

关键词： Runtime Image synthesis Merging Loading Metals Hard disks Virtualization

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Combining genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis to identify molecular markers and genetic basis of population-asynchronous ovarian development in Coilia nasus

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 491-505页

作者： yue yu Shi-Ming Wan cheng-You Huang Shuang-Meng Zhang Ai-Li Sun Jun-Qi Liu Shun-Yao Li Yong-Fu Zhu Shu-xin Gu Ze-Xia Gao College of Fisheries Hubei Hongshan Laboratory/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic BeltMinistry of EducationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdaoShandong 266237China Wuhan Hengyuxin Technology Breeding Professional Cooperative WuhanHubei 430117China Hubei Provincial Aquatic Science Research Institute WuhanHubei 430208China Zhenjiang Jiangzhiyuan Fishery Technology Co. Ltd.ZhenjiangJiangsu 212213China

Coilia nasus,a migratory fish species found in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and along offshore areas of China,possesses considerable aquacultural and economic ***,the species faces challenges due to significant variation in the gonadal development rate among females,resulting in inconsistent ovarian maturation times at the population level,an extended reproductive period,and limitations on fish growth rate due to ovarian *** the present study,we combined genome-wide association study(GWAS)and comparative transcriptome analysis to investigate the potential single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and candidate genes associated with population-asynchronous ovarian development in *** of the female population based on whole-genome resequencing yielded 2120695 high-quality SNPs,39 of which were suggestively associated with ovarian *** note,a significant SNP peak on LG21 containing 30 suggestively associated SNPs was identified,with cpne5a determined as the causal gene of the ***,single-marker and haplotype association analyses were performed on cpne5a,revealing four genetic markers(P0.9)significantly associated with the *** transcriptome analysis of precociously and normally maturing individuals screened out 29 and 426 overlapping differentially expressed genes in the brain and ovary,respectively,between individuals of different body *** the GWAS and transcriptome analysis results,this study identified genes and pathways related to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormone secretion,extracellular matrix,angiogenesis,and gap junctions involved in population-asynchronous ovarian *** insights gained from this study provide a basis for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian development in fish and may facilitate the genetic breeding of *** strains exhibiting population-synchronous ovarian

关键词： Coilia nasus GWAS Transcriptome Ovarian development SNP

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Is tumor necrosis factor-α monoclonal therapy with proactive therapeutic drug monitoring optimized for inflammatory bowel disease? Network meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 571-584页

作者： Fang-yuan Zheng Kai-Si Yang Wen-cheng Min xin-Zhu Li yu xing Shuai Wang Ying-Shi Zhang Qing-Chun Zhao Teaching Hospital of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University General Hospital of Northern Theater CommandShenyang 110016Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)monoclonal antibody therapy[adalimumab(ADA)and infliximab(IFX)]with therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM),which has been proposed for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,are still *** To determine the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody therapy with proactive TDM in patients with IBD and to determine which subtype of IBD patients is most suitable for proactive TDM *** As of July 2023,we searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and observa-tional studies in PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library to compare anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody therapy with proactive TDM with therapy with reactive TDM or empiric *** and network meta-analyses were used to determine the IBD patient subtype that achieved clinical remission and to determine the need for *** This systematic review and meta-analysis yielded 13 studies after exclusion,and the baseline indicators were *** found a significant increase in the number of patients who achieved clinical remission in the ADA[odds ratio(OR)=1.416,95%confidence interval(CI):1.196-1.676]and RCT(OR=1.393,95%CI:1.182-1.641)subgroups and a significant decrease in the number of patients who needed surgery in the proactive vs reactive(OR=0.237,95%CI:0.101-0.558)and IFX+ADA(OR=0.137,95%CI:0.032-0.588)subgroups,and the overall risk of adverse events was reduced(OR=0.579,95%CI:0.391-0.858)according to the pairwise ***,the network meta-analysis results suggested that patients with IBD treated with ADA(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.19-1.63)were more likely to undergo TDM,especially in comparison with patients with reactive TDM(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.07-1.77).CONCLUSION Proactive TDM is more suitable for IBD patients treated with ADA and has obvious advantages over reactive *** recommend proactive TDM in IBD patients who are treated with ADA.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Therapeutic drug monitoring Adalimumab Infliximab Network meta-analysis

EvolveKG:a general framework to learn evolving knowledge graphs

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 43-59页

作者： Jiaqi LIU Zhiwen yu Bin GUO cheng DENG Luoyi FU xinbing WANG chenghu ZHOU School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBejjing 100864China

A great many practical applications have observed knowledge evolution,i.e.,continuous born of new knowledge,with its formation influenced by the structure of historical *** observation gives rise to evolving knowledge graphs whose structure temporally grows over ***,both the modal characterization and the algorithmic implementation of evolving knowledge graphs remain *** this end,we propose EvolveKG–a general framework that enables algorithms in the static knowledge graphs to learn the evolving *** quantifies the influence of a historical fact on a current one,called the effectiveness of the fact,and makes knowledge prediction by leveraging all the cross-time knowledge *** novelty of EvolveKG lies in Derivative Graph–a weighted snapshot of evolution at a certain ***,each weight quantifies knowledge effectiveness through a temporarily decaying function of consistency and attenuation,two proposed factors depicting whether or not the effectiveness of a fact fades away with ***,considering both knowledge creation and loss,we obtain higher prediction accuracy when the effectiveness of all the facts increases with time or remains *** four real datasets,the superiority of EvolveKG is confirmed in prediction accuracy.

关键词： knowledge graph evolution modal characterization algorithmic implementation

Airblast evolution initiated by Wangjiayan landslides in the M_(s)8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and its destructive capacity analysis

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China Geology 2024年第2期7卷 237-247页

作者： yu-feng Wang Qian-gong cheng Qi Zhu Department of Geological Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Sichuan Highway Planning SurveyDesign and Research Institute LtdChengdu 610041China

Airblasts,as one common phenomenon accompanied by rapid movements of landslides or rock/snow avalanches,commonly result in catastrophic damages and are attracting more and more scientific *** quantitatively analyze the intensity of airblast initiated by landslides,the Wangjiayan landslide,occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake,is selected here with the landslide propagation and airblast evolution being studied using FLUENT by introducing the Voellmy rheological *** results reveal that:(1)For the Wangjiayan landslide,its whole travelling duration is only 12 s with its maximum velocity reaching 36 m/s at t=10 s;(2)corresponding to the landslide propagation,the maximum velocity,28 m/s,of the airblast initiated by the landslide also appears at t=10 s with its maximum pressure reaching594.8 Pa,which is equivalent to violent storm;(3)under the attack of airblast,the load suffered by buildings in the airblast zone increases to 1300 Pa at t=9.4 s and sharply decreased to-7000 Pa as the rapid decrease of the velocity of the sliding mass at t=10 s,which is seriously unfavorable for buildings and might be the key reason for the destructive collapse of buildings in the airblast zone of the Wangjiayan landslide.

关键词： Landslide Voellmy rheological law 3D FLUENT simulation Airblast Intensity Building destructive collapse Wenchuan earthquake Geological hazards survey engineering

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Single-atom alloys prepared by two-step thermal evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2808-2813页

作者： Honglin Wang Jing Li Meirong Huang Jizhe Cui Zhiying cheng Rong yu Hongwei Zhu State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Lab of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science ResearchBeijing 100041China

Single-atom alloys(SAAs)have gained significant attention due to their remarkable atomic utilization efficiency,interactions between single atoms(SAs)and metal supports,and free-atom-like electronic structure of dopant *** this work,we observed the formation of SAs in pre-deposited metal particles by a two-step thermal evaporation technique,thereby establishing the first instance of discovering SAAs by thermal *** discovery of SAAs by thermal evaporation extends the range of SAAs preparation methods to include this traditional synthetic technique,which offers convenience,cost-efficiency,and *** formation mechanism of SAAs prepared using this technique was elucidated by density functional theory *** was demonstrated that thermal evaporation can be utilized to prepare SAAs with multiple SAs,further highlighting its universal applicability.

关键词： single-atom alloys thermal evaporation density functional theory

Localization method of subsynchronous oscillation source based on high-resolution time-frequency distribution image and CNN

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Hui Liu yundan cheng Yanhui Xu Guanqun Sun Rusi Chen Xiaodong yu Institute of Electric Power Systems School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206P.R.China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430077P.R.China Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China Wuhan 430077P.R.China

The penetration of new energy sources such as wind power is increasing,which consequently increases the occurrence rate of subsynchronous oscillation ***,existing subsynchronous oscillation source-identification methods primarily analyze fixed-mode oscillations and rarely consider time-varying features,such as frequency drift,caused by the random volatility of wind farms when oscillations *** paper proposes a subsynchronous oscillation sourcelocalization method that involves an enhanced short-time Fourier transform and a convolutional neural network(CNN).First,an enhanced STFT is performed to secure high-resolution time-frequency distribution(TFD)images from the measured data of the generation unit ***,these TFD images are amalgamated to form a subsynchronous oscillation feature map that serves as input to the CNN to train the localization ***,the trained CNN model realizes the online localization of subsynchronous oscillation *** effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are validated via multimachine system models simulating forced and natural oscillation events using the Power Systems Computer Aided Design *** results show that the proposed method can localize subsynchronous oscillation sources online while considering unpredictable fluctuations in wind farms,thus providing a foundation for oscillation suppression in practical engineering scenarios.

关键词： Subsynchronous oscillation source localization Synchronous squeezing transform Enhanced short-time Fourier transform Convolutional neural networks

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