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Iron oxide/CNT-based artificial nacre for electromagnetic interference shielding

Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6560-6566页

作者： cheng-xin yu yu-Feng Meng Bo Yang Jun Pang Xiang-Sen Meng Zi-Ye Zhao Qing-yue Wang Li-Bo Mao Zhi-Kun Wu Shu-Hong yu Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Department of Chemistry New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsDivision of Nanomaterials&ChemistryHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Biological structural materials,despite consisting of limited kinds of compounds,display multifunctionalities due to their complex hierarchical *** some biomimetic strategies have been applied in artificial materials to enhance their mechanical stability,the simultaneous optimization of other functions along with the mechanical properties via biomimetic designs has not been thoroughly ***,iron oxide/carbon nanotube(CNT)-based artificial nacre with both improved mechanical and electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performance is fabricated via the mineralization of Fe_(3)O_(4)onto a CNTincorporated *** micro-and nano-structures of the artificial nacre are similar to those of natural nacre,which in turn improves its mechanical *** alternating electromagnetic wave-reflective CNT layers and the wave-absorptive iron oxide layers can improve the multiple reflections of the waves on the surfaces of the reflection layers,which then allows sufficient interactions between the waves and the absorption ***,compared with the reflection-dependent EMI-shielding of the non-structured material,the artificial nacre exhibits strong absorption-dependent shielding behavior even with a very low content of wave-absorptive *** to the high mechanical stability,the shielding effectiveness of the artificial nacre that deeply cut by a blade is still maintained at approximately 70%−96%depending on the incident wave *** present work provides a new way for designing structural materials with concurrently enhanced mechanical and functional properties,and a path to combine structural design and intrinsic properties of specific materials via a biomimetic strategy.

关键词： artificial nacre electromagnetic interference shielding biomineralization biomimetic material hierarchical structure

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人工智能时代人权的伦理风险及其治理路径

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湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第3期51卷 159-166页

作者：程新宇杨佳华中科技大学人权法律研究院湖北武汉430074 华中科技大学哲学学院湖北武汉430074

人工智能的飞速发展对人权而言既是机遇也是挑战。从机遇来看,人工智能赋能人权,保障并促进人权以新手段和新方式实现,拓展了人权的内涵,推动了世界人权理论和实践的发展。从挑战来看,人工智能不但极大地挑战了基本人权,包括以隐私权、... 详细信息

人工智能的飞速发展对人权而言既是机遇也是挑战。从机遇来看,人工智能赋能人权,保障并促进人权以新手段和新方式实现,拓展了人权的内涵,推动了世界人权理论和实践的发展。从挑战来看,人工智能不但极大地挑战了基本人权,包括以隐私权、健康权和生命权等为代表的人身人格权利,以自由权、平等权和公平审判权等为代表的政治权利,以工作权和财产权等为代表的经济、社会和文化权利,而且挑战了人权的底层逻辑和立足之本。究其原因,既有理论方面的对人工智能的本质缺乏深刻认识,对其技术异化造成的社会影响缺乏深刻反省,对数字时代的人权研究尚处在聚讼纷纭莫衷一是阶段;也有实践方面的相关从业人员的道德责任感缺失、人权意识淡薄,人工智能产品全生命周期中存在各种缺陷,以及相关法律法规和监管措施不健全等。鉴于人工智能发展对人权的赋能与挑战,因噎废食或放任自流皆不可取,人们应加强人工智能的本质研究和数字人权理论研究,成立人工智能伦理委员会,推行价值敏感设计,建立起人工智能的人权风险预警机制,健全相关法律法规,做到随时监测、评估和调整。

关键词：人工智能人权技术异化数字人权算法歧视

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基于CDs的荧光探针在酒类等发酵食品检测中的研究进展及趋势

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光谱学与光谱分析 2024年第5期44卷 1209-1217页

作者：陈红琴严梦茹严恒李苑麟黄永光程玉鑫贵州大学酿酒与食品工程学院贵州贵阳550025

发酵食品是人类食物链中不可或缺的一部分,由于复杂的原料、工艺以及菌株发酵等因素,使得其风味成分快速直观分析以及有害物质测定、假冒伪劣甄别存在一定的局限性。碳点(CDs)是一类荧光纳米材料,拥有良好的荧光特性、优异的生物相容性... 详细信息

发酵食品是人类食物链中不可或缺的一部分,由于复杂的原料、工艺以及菌株发酵等因素,使得其风味成分快速直观分析以及有害物质测定、假冒伪劣甄别存在一定的局限性。碳点(CDs)是一类荧光纳米材料,拥有良好的荧光特性、优异的生物相容性、生产简便以及可修饰等特点。CDs荧光探针在食品风味检测、食品中安全指标测定以及食品真伪鉴别等方面展示出巨大的应用潜力。与大型检测仪器相比,CDs荧光探针对发酵食品的检测具有简便、灵敏度高、响应迅速等优点,其可调荧光特性以及稳定的荧光信号输出,可以对发酵食品中关键物质信息进行快速提取和转换,结合化学计量法就能实现对发酵食品的快速原位检测以及真伪鉴别。在此,对CDs的制备、光学性质、形成机制做了简要概述,并重点对CDs荧光探针在酒类发酵食品的风味成分分析、有害物质检测,以及非酒类发酵食品有害物质检测等领域进行了综述。总结了CDs荧光探针在发酵食品检测中面临的挑战并进行了展望,进一步拓展CDs荧光探针在发酵食品中的检测应用,以期为CDs荧光探针在发酵食品检测领域的开发和应用提供参考。

关键词：碳点荧光探针检测技术发酵食品

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Surface engineering based on in situ electro-polymerization to boost the initial Coulombic efficiency of hard carbon anode for sodium-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2022年第5期41卷 1616-1625页

作者： cheng-xin yu yu Li Zhao-Hua Wang xin-Ran Wang Ying Bai Chuan Wu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing 314019China

Hard carbon(HC) is considered as a commercial candidate for anode materials of sodium-ion batteries due to its low cost and excellent capacity. However, the problem of low initial Coulombic efficiency is still urgently needed to be solved to promote the industrialization of *** this paper, 2,2-dimethylvinyl boric acid(DEBA) is used to modify the surface of HC to prepare HC-DEBA materials. During the cycling, the C = C bonds of DEBA molecules will be in situ electro-polymerized to form a polymer network, which can act as the passive protecting layer to inhibit irreversible decomposition of electrolyte,and induce a thinner solid electrolyte interface with lower interface impedance. Therefore, HC-DEBA has higher initial Coulombic efficiency and better cycling stability. In ester-based electrolyte, the initial Coulombic efficiency of the optimized HC-DEBA-3% increases from 65.2% to77.2%. After 2000 cycles at 1 A·g^(-1), the capacity retention rate is 90.92%. Moreover, it can provide a high reversible capacity of 294.7 m Ah·g^(-1) at 50 mA·g^(-1). This simple surface modification method is ingenious and versatile,which can be extended to other energy storage materials.

关键词： Sodium-ion battery Hard carbon Initial Coulombic efficiency Solid electrolyte interface Surface modification Ester electrolyte

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盐爪爪根际土壤产IAA菌株分离及促生特性分析

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草业学报 2024年第4期33卷 110-121页

作者：程鑫宇王继莲麦日艳古·亚生李明源喀什大学生命与地理科学学院新疆喀什844006 新疆帕米尔高原生物资源与生态自治区重点实验室新疆喀什844006

为丰富具有产吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)功能的植物根际促生菌(PGPR),开发高效微生物菌肥,从南疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州耐盐植物盐爪爪根际土壤中分离产IAA的菌株。结合16S rDNA的限制性片段长度多态性PCR技术(PCR-RFLP)与16S rDNA序列分析进行... 详细信息

为丰富具有产吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)功能的植物根际促生菌(PGPR),开发高效微生物菌肥,从南疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州耐盐植物盐爪爪根际土壤中分离产IAA的菌株。结合16S rDNA的限制性片段长度多态性PCR技术(PCR-RFLP)与16S rDNA序列分析进行菌种鉴定,分析高产IAA菌株对玉米和小麦种子发芽的影响,并通过盆栽试验验证其对盐碱胁迫下植株幼苗生长(株高、茎粗、地上干重等)的影响。结果表明,共筛选到67株PGPR菌株,其分泌IAA能力为16.65~71.63 mg·L^(-1),尤以PM14、PM18分泌量较高。PM14和PM18菌株同时兼具解磷、固氮能力。所有菌株分属6个菌属,以肠杆菌属占绝对优势。接种PM14和PM18均促进了玉米和小麦种子萌发,但菌液浓度高低对种子发芽的影响有显著差异(P<0.05)。接种处理增加了玉米株高、鲜重、地上干重、茎粗和根干重,分别增加了4.7%~37.2%、28.8%~94.5%、15.8%~157.9%、4.4%~35.5%和23.5%~82.4%,但叶绿素含量无显著变化。接种处理增加了小麦株高、茎粗、鲜重和地上干重,分别增加了9.5%~33.1%、13.0%~49.6%、57.4%~112.8%和71.4%~114.3%。除接种灭活的PM14导致小麦根干重与对照相比无显著差异,其他处理均有积极作用,提高了52.8%~69.0%,而所有处理对叶绿素含量均无显著影响。综上,本研究筛选的产IAA菌株提高了植株在盐碱胁迫下的抗性,对开发适用于盐碱地区的微生物菌肥有重要意义。

关键词：吲哚-3-乙酸植物根际促生菌盐碱胁迫促生微生物菌肥

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Facile synthesis of high-brightness green-emitting carbon dots with narrow bandwidth towards backlight display

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 277-282页

作者： Rui cheng Tingting Zhang xin Huang Jian yu State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China

High-performance carbon dots(CDs)allowing the application in high-end display devices are highly desirable and usually limited by the absence of simple and easy synthesis *** this work,we exploited an easy-to-implement strategy for the one-step synthesis of green-emitting CDs(G-CDs)with superb optical *** G-CDs were synthesized using m-phenylenediamine(m-PD)as a single precursor,and the reaction reacted at 180℃for 12 h The resultant G-CDs exhibit high-purity and excitationindependent green fluorescence with the photoluminescence(PL)peak located at 516 nm,full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 46 nm,and PL quantum yield(QY)of∼80%under the 470nm excitation *** G-CDs and corresponding composite film prepared with polyvinyl butyral(G-CDs@PVB)exhibit good PL stability after undergoing long-time storage for one year and 360 h exposure under 460nm blue *** G-CDs@PVB film was used as color-conversion materials in green-emitting light-emitting diode(LED)application,exhibiting a Commission internationale de l’Eclairage(CIE)chromaticity coordinate of(0.21,0.44).The film was also used in CD-based liquid crystal display(CD-LCD)application,achieving a color gamut value of 85%.This work will offer a working basis for the synthesis of high-performance CDs as well as their application in displays.

关键词： Carbon dots One-step synthesis Narrow bandwidth High quantum yield Display

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一种绿豆柱头外露突变体的转录组分析

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作物学报 2024年第4期50卷 957-968页

作者：宋梦媛郭中校苏禹霏邓昆鹏兰天娇程钰鑫包淑英王桂芳窦金光姜泽锴王明海徐宁吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所/作物种质资源吉林省实验室吉林公主岭136100 吉林农业大学农学院吉林长春130118

柱头外露作为提高作物异交率、制种纯度和降低制种成本的优良性状,在杂交制种中得到了广泛的利用。绿豆是一种闭花授粉的作物,被报道的柱头外露突变体很少。通过对冀绿7号的化学诱变,发现了1个柱头外露突变体se2,为明确该突变体柱头外... 详细信息

柱头外露作为提高作物异交率、制种纯度和降低制种成本的优良性状,在杂交制种中得到了广泛的利用。绿豆是一种闭花授粉的作物,被报道的柱头外露突变体很少。通过对冀绿7号的化学诱变,发现了1个柱头外露突变体se2,为明确该突变体柱头外露的分子机制,对该突变体及其野生型冀绿7号即将开放的花蕾进行了转录组测序(RNA-seq)分析。根据差异倍数|log2(Fold Change)|≥1,P≤0.05的标准筛选,在se2中共得到572个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),其中262个DEGs上调,310个DEGs下调。在基因本体(gene ontology,GO)数据库中,差异表达基因显著富集到代谢和生物合成等生物过程,定位在质外体和细胞壁、细胞膜等区域,与结合、氧化还原等分子功能有关。在京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome,KEGG)数据库中,差异表达基因显著富集在植物激素信号传导、次生代谢物生物合成等通路。功能注释发现许多有关细胞壁合成和代谢、细胞分裂和细胞扩张、植物激素相关的基因,因此推测se2突变体中龙骨瓣的细胞分裂、细胞扩张以及植物激素信号传导过程受到影响,从而导致了柱头外露。本研究为今后探究绿豆柱头外露的分子机制以及该性状在绿豆杂种优势中的利用奠定了基础。

关键词：绿豆柱头外露突变体转录组高通量测序杂种优势

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Gastric cancer immunotherapy:A scientometric and clinical trial review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 196-198页

作者： Qian-cheng Du xin-yu Wang Hua yu Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Xuhui Central HospitalShanghai 200031China Thyroid Breast and Vascular SurgeryShanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200434China Department of General Surgery Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200434China

This letter is intended to arouse your interest in a recent review of comprehensive scientometrics and clinical trials on immunotherapy for gastric cancer(GC).Our study reviews recent advances in immunotherapy in the field of GC and highlights its new prospects as a treatment for *** research reveals China’s leadership in this field,as well as new therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors,cellular immunotherapy,and *** combined findings highlight the potential of immunotherapy to improve survival and quality of life in patients with stomach *** believe that this study will provide important guidance for the future direction of the GC treatment field.

关键词： Gastric cancer Immunotherapy Bibliometrics Comment Therapeutic strategies

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Dual modification of LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.11)Mn_(0.06)O_(2) cathode materials by K^(+) doping and Li_(3)PO_(4) coating for lithium ions batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3007-3018页

作者： Wei Xiao Jia-Le Wang Zhi-cheng Yi cheng-Jin Liu Chang Miao yu xin Shu-Qing Nie College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023China

Li_(3)PO_(4)@Li_(0.99)K_(0.01)Ni_(0.83)Co_(0.11)Mn_(O.06)O_(2)(NCM-KP) cathode powders are synthesized via K^(+)doping in calcination processes and H_3PO_4 coating in sol-gel processes.K^(+) precisely enters into the lattice to widen the(003) plane to 0.4746 nm with a lower cationic disordered degree of 1.87%.Moreover,the surface residual lithium salts are treated by H_3PO_4 to generate a uniform Li_(3)PO_(4) coating layer of approximately 11.41 nm,which completely covers on the surface of secondary spherical particles to improve the interfacial *** 25℃,the NCM-KP electrode delivers a discharge specific capacity of 148.9 mAh·g^(-1) with a remarkable capacity retention ratio of 84.1% after 200 cycles at 1.0C and retains a high reversible specific capacity of 154.4 mAh·g^(-1) at *** at 1.0C and 60℃,it can maintain a reversible discharge specific capacity of 114.6 mAh·g^(-1) with 0.21% of capacity decay per cycle after 200 cycles,which is significantly lower than 0.40% for the pristine NCM ***,the charge transfer resistance of 238.89 Ω for the NCM-KP electrode is significantly lower than 947.41 Ω for the pristine NCM one by restricting the interfacial side ***,combining K+doping and Li_(3)PO_(4) coating is an effective strategy to enable the significant improvement of the electrochemical property of high-nickel cathode materials,which may be mainly attributed to the widened diffusion pathway and the formed Li_(3)PO_(4) protective layer,thus promoting Li~+diffusion rate and preventing the erosion of HF.

关键词： High-nickel cathode material Residual lithium K^(+)doping Li_(3)PO_(4)coating Lithium ions battery

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Enhanced thermoelectric and mechanical properties of Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3) alloy with dispersed yttrium oxide ceramic nanoparticles

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1758-1768页

作者： Cun-cheng Li Ming-Wei Zhang Ji-Wu xin Lei Wei Wen-yu Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China

Reducing thermal conductivity while avoiding adverse interfacial reactions during sintering is crucial for improving the thermoelectric performance of Bi_(2)Te_(3)based *** ceramic nanoparticles are good candidates for achieving this *** this study,we designed and prepared a series of p-type Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3)nanocomposites decorated with Y_(2)O_(3)ceramic nanoparticles via ball-milling dispersion and spark-plasma *** to the chemical stability of the ceramics,no traces of atomic doping or interfacial reactions were *** measurements revealed that the Y_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles distributed along the grain boundaries acted as energy-dependent carrier-filtering centers to improve the scattering parameter and Seebeck coefficient,contributing to the elevated power factor even with a decreased electrical ***,the incorporated Y_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles and various defect structures they induced effectively strengthened the phonon scattering and suppressed the lattice thermal ***,a peak figure of merit(ZT)of 1.23 at 313 K was achieved for 0.4%Y_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3),which is 13%higher than that of the *** addition,the Vickers hardness of the composite material was 35%higher than that of the *** study demonstrates the effectiveness of ceramic nanoparticles in synergistic ally improving the thermoelectric and mechanical properties,which may be further extended to other thermoelectric systems.

关键词： Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_3 alloy Y_(2)O_(3) ceramic nanoparticles Microstructures Thermoelectric performance Mechanical properties

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