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Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 183-209页

作者： Guo-Peng Yu yong-Feng cheng Na Zhang Ping-Jian Ming Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle efficiency.Mathematical models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear energy.Parametric analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic indexes.Results show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic performance.Among the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to optimization.The performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,respectively.The performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited funds.For the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2)Brayton cycle Nuclear power generation Thermo-economic analysis Multi-objective optimization Decision-making methods

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A bacterial protein Rhp-PSP inhibits plant viral proliferation through endoribonuclease activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1967-1978页

作者： Lijie Chen Qianze Peng Xiaohua du Weixing Zhang Ju’e cheng Shu’e Sun Deyong Zhang Pin Su yong Liu Longping Branch College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Institute of Plant Protection Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China

Plant virus causes massive crop losses globally.However,there is currently no effective measure to control plant viral disease.Previously,we identify an antiviral protein Rhp-PSP,produced by the bacterial Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain JSC-3b.In this study,we discover that the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP relies on its endoribonuclease activity.Converting the arginine(R)residue at position 129 onto alanine(A)abolishs its endoribonuclease activity on coat protein(CP)RNA of tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),consequentially,compromises the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP.Further investigation demonstrates that,the mutant Rhp-PSP^(R129A)is unable to form the homotrimer as the wild type,indicating the importance of quaternary junction for the endoribonuclease activity.Overexpression of Rhp-PSP in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly enhances the resistance against TMV of seedlings,while expression of Rhp-PSP^(R129A)did not,confirming that endoribonuclease activity is responsible for the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP.In addition,foliar spray of Rhp-PSP solution on tomato and pepper plants significantly reduces the disease index of viral diseases,indicating that Rhp-PSP shows potential to develop antiviral agent in practice.

关键词： Rhodopseudomonas palustris Rhp-PSP tobacco mosaic virus endoribonuclease antiviral activity

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Printable,flexible ceramic fiber paper based on electrospinning

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2739-2746页

作者： yong-Shuai Xie Yuan cheng Yang Lyu Rui Li Jie-Cai Han National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Based on the fact that it is challenging for the polymer flexible circuit substrates to meet the requirements of serving in high-temperature environments,this work proposed the idea of using printable ceramic fiber paper as a high-temperature flexible circuit substrate.A ceramic fiber paper with all ceramic components had been developed via electrospinning,solving the problems of low strength and severe strength drop at high temperatures of traditional ceramic fiber paper.The tensile strength of the prepared ceramic fiber paper is 2.63 MPa,and the reliable service temperature is 1200℃.Its bulk density is about 1.5 times that of traditional ceramic fiber paper.It can be printed with patterns by commercial inkjet printers like ordinary printing paper and has excellent printability.The feasibility of ceramic fiber paper as a flexible circuit substrate was verified by constructing a simple circuit.When the fiber paper is significantly bent,the circuit still forms a complete path,which proves that it has a strong application potential for high-temperature flexible circuit substrate and is expected to promote the development of flexible electronic devices serving at extreme high-temperature environments.

关键词： Ceramic fiber paper High temperature Inkjet printing Flexible electronic

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Flame-retardant ammonium polyphosphate/MXene decorated carbon foam materials as polysulfide traps for fire-safe and stable lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 313-323,I0008页

作者： Yang Li yong-cheng Zhu Sowjanya Vallem Man Li Seunghyun Song Tao Chen Long-cheng Tang Joonho Bae Department of Physics Gachon UniversitySeongnam-siGyeonggi-do 13120South Korea Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education College of MaterialChemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121ZhejiangChina Key laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Materials Engineering Changzhou Vocational Institute of Industry TechnologyChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are one of the most promising modern-day energy supply systems because of their high theoretical energy density and low cost.However,the development of high-energy density Li-S batteries with high loading of flammable sulfur faces the challenges of electrochemical performance degradation owing to the shuttle effect and safety issues related to fire or explosion accidents.In this work,we report a three-dimensional(3D)conductive nitrogen-doped carbon foam supported electrostatic self-assembled MXene-ammonium polyphosphate(NCF-MXene-APP)layer as a heat-resistant,thermally-insulated,flame-retardant,and freestanding host for Li-S batteries with a facile and costeffective synthesis method.Consequently,through the use of NCF-MXene-APP hosts that strongly anchor polysulfides,the Li-S batteries demonstrate outstanding electrochemical properties,including a high initial discharge capacity of 1191.6 mA h g^(-1),excellent rate capacity of 755.0 mA h g^(-1)at 1 C,and long-term cycling stability with an extremely low-capacity decay rate of 0.12%per cycle at 2 C.More importantly,these batteries can continue to operate reliably under high temperature or flame attack conditions.Thus,this study provides valuable insights into the design of safe high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： Flame-retardant MXene Ammonium polyphosphate Safety Lithium-sulfur battery

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Variable projection algorithms with sparse constraint for separable nonlinear models

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 135-146页

作者： Hui-Lang Xu Guang-yong Chen Si-Qing cheng Min Gan Jing Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Metro of Universities in Fujian Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of EducationFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116FujianChina School of Science Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122JiangsuChina

Separable nonlinear models are widely used in various fields such as time series analysis, system modeling, and machine learning, due to their flexible structures and ability to capture nonlinear behavior of data. However, identifying the parameters of these models is challenging, especially when sparse models with better interpretability are desired by practitioners. Previous theoretical and practical studies have shown that variable projection (VP) is an efficient method for identifying separable nonlinear models, but these are based on $L_2$ penalty of model parameters, which cannot be directly extended to deal with sparse constraint. Based on the exploration of the structural characteristics of separable models, this paper proposes gradient-based and trust-region-based variable projection algorithms, which mainly solve two key problems: how to eliminate linear parameters under sparse constraint;and how to deal with the coupling relationship between linear and nonlinear parameters in the model. Finally, numerical experiments on synthetic data and real time series data are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Variable projection(VP) Non-smooth constraint Separable nonlinear models

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Reinforcing oxygen electrocatalytic activity via selective dualphase heterointerface engineering for rechargeable Zn-air batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1524-1536页

作者： Chao cheng Chuang Zhi Zhong-Ti Sun yong-Qiang Ming Ting-Ting Xiang Qing-Chao Zhu Zi-Rui Wu Bing Li Yi Li cheng Jin yong Cao Juan Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology

dual-phase heterointerface electrocatalysts（DPHE） constructed by oxygen reduction reaction（ORR）-and oxygen evolution reaction（OER）-active elements exhibit excellent bifunctional activity and long-term durability due to the abundant interface exposure and synergistic catalytic effect.Herein,low-dimensional N-doped graphene nanoribbons（N-GNRs） coupling with ultrathin CoO nanocomposites（N-GNRs/CoO） were controllably fabricated through a facile two-step approach using synthesized Co（OH）2nanosheet as CoO precursor.Density functional theory（DFT） calculations and experimental characterizations prove that the formation of interface between N-GNRs and CoO can induce local charge redistribution,contributing to the improvement of catalytic activity and stability.The optimal N-GNRs/CoO DPHE possesses hierarchically porous architectures and presents outstanding bifunctional activities with a small potential gap of 0.729 V between the potential at 10 mA·cm-2for OER and the halfwave potential for ORR,which outperforms Pt/C+IrO2and the majority of noble-metal-free bifunctional catalysts.Liquid-and solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries assembled with N-GNRs/CoO as the cathode also display high peak power density and fantastic cycle stability,superior to that of benchmark Pt/C +IrO2catalyst.It is anticipated to offer significant benefits toward high activity,stability and mechanical flexibility bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries.

关键词： Interface engineering Graphene nanoribbons CoO Bifunctional electrocatalyst Zn–air batteries

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Investigation on photonic crystal nanobeam cavity based on mixed diamond–circular holes

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 63-70页

作者： Jingtong Bin Kerui Feng Shang Ma Ke Liu yong cheng Jing Chen Qifa Liu College of Telecommunication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A photonic crystal nanobeam cavity(M-PCNC)with a structure incorporating a mixture of diamond-shaped and circular air holes is pro-posed.The performance of the cavity is simulated and studied theoretically.Using theﬁnite-difference time-domain method,the parameters of the M-PCNC,including cavity thickness and width,lattice constant,and radii and numbers of holes,are optimized,with the quality factor Q and mode volume Vm as performance indicators.Mutual modulation of the lattice constant and hole radius enable the proposed M-PCNC to realize outstanding performance.The optimized cavity possesses a high quality factor Q 1.45105 and an ultra-small mode=×volume Vm 0.01(λ/n)[Zeng et al.,Opt Lett 2023:48;3981–3984]in the telecommunications wavelength range.Light can be progres-=sively squeezed in both the propagation direction and the perpendicular in-plane direction by a series of interlocked anti-slots and slots in the diamond-shaped hole structure.Thereby,the energy can be conﬁned within a small mode volume to achieve an ultra-high Q/Vm ratio.

关键词： Photonic crystal nanobeam cavity Mixed diamond–circular holes Slots and anti-slots FDTD simulation Quality factor Mode volume

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Effect of Active–Passive Deformation on the Thrust by the Pectoral Fins of Bionic Manta Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 718-728页

作者： Yang Lu Shaomin Meng cheng Xing Yiwei Hao yonghui Cao Guang Pan yong Cao School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Unmanned Vehicle Innovation Center Ningbo Institute of NPUNingbo315103China State Key Lab of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Bionic manta underwater vehicles will play an essential role in future oceans and can perform tasks,such as long-duration reconnaissance and exploration,due to their efficient propulsion.The manta wings’deformation is evident during the swimming process.To improve the propulsion performance of the unmanned submersible,the study of the deformation into the bionic pectoral fin is necessary.In this research,we designed and fabricated a flexible bionic pectoral fin,which is based on the Fin Ray®effect with active and passive deformation(APD)capability.The APD fin was actively controlled by two servo motors and could be passively deformed to variable degrees.The APD fin was moved at 0.5 Hz beat frequency,and the propulsive performance was experimentally verified of the bionic pectoral fins equipped with different extents of deformation.These results showed that the pectoral fin with active–passive deformed capabilities could achieve similar natural biological deformation in the wingspan direction.The average thrust(T)under the optimal wingspan deformation is 61.5%higher than the traditional passive deformed pectoral fins.The obtained results shed light on the design and optimization of the bionic pectoral fins to improve the propulsive performance of unmanned underwater vehicles(UUV).

关键词： Manta ray Bionic pectoral fin Fin Ray®effect Active-passive deformation(APD)

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Development of sustainable and efficient recycling technology for spent Li-ion batteries: Traditional and transformation go hand in hand

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第5期9卷 802-830页

作者： Zejian Liu Gongqi Liu Leilei cheng Jing Gu Haoran Yuan yong Chen Yufeng Wu Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Guangzhou510640China School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development Guangzhou510640China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Clean and efﬁcient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has become an urgent need to promote sustainable and rapid development of human society.Therefore,we provide a critical and comprehensive overview of the various technologies for recycling spent LIBs,starting with lithium-ion power batteries.Recent research on raw material collection,metallurgical recovery,separation and puriﬁcation is highlighted,particularly in terms of all aspects of economic efﬁciency,energy consumption,technology transformation and policy management.Mechanisms and pathways for transformative full-component recovery of spent LIBs are explored,revealing a clean and efﬁcient closed-loop recovery mechanism.Optimization methods are proposed for future recycling technologies,with a focus on how future research directions can be industrialized.Ultimately,based on life-cycle assessment,the challenges of future recycling are revealed from the LIBs supply chain and stability of the supply chain of the new energy battery industry to provide an outlook on clean and efﬁcient short process recycling technologies.This work is designed to support the sustainable development of the new energy power industry,to help meet the needs of global decarbonization strategies and to respond to the major needs of industrialized recycling.

关键词： Spent LIBs Transformative recycling LCA analysis Policy guidance High value utilization

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Distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds in flour milling fractions from hard red winter wheat

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 71-78页

作者： Lauren Renee Brewer Jittawan Kubola Sirithon Siriamornpun yong-cheng Shi Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Food Innovation and Processing Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyBuriram Rajabhat UniversityBuriram 31000Thailand Research Unit of Thai Food innovation Department of Food Technology and NutritionMahasarakham UniversityMahasarakham 44000Thailand

Mature wheat kernels contain three main parts:endosperm,bran,and germ.Flour milling results in multiple streams that are chemically different;however,the distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds has not been well documented in terms of conventional milling by-product streams.In this study,multiple analytical methods were used to investigate antioxidant activity and phenolic compound compositions of hard red winter wheat(whole ground wheat),the parts of a wheat kernel(bran,flour,germ),and wheat by-product streams(mill feed,red dog,shorts)for the first time.For each mill stream,phenolic compounds(total,flavonoid,and anthocyanin contents)were determined and antioxidant activities were evaluated with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical-scavenging activity,ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP),and total antioxidant capacity assays.Significant differences(Pduced co-products from flour milling,and for selecting and using different milling fractions to make foods with improved nutritional properties.

关键词： Wheat Milling streams Antioxidants Phenolic acids Flavonoid Anthocyanin

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