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Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell heterogeneity in the human spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yali Chen Yiyong Wei Jin Liu Tao Zhu cheng zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Glial cells play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions,including sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cells include astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system,and satellite glial cells and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous *** the greater understanding of glial cell types and functional heterogeneity achieved through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profiles of glial cells in the human spinal ***,we used high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the human spinal *** explore the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subclusters,*** comparative results revealed substantial heterogeneity in all glial cell types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal cord glial ***,in all astrocyte subtypes,the levels of NEAT1 and CHI3L1 were higher in males than in females,whereas the levels of CST3 were lower in males than in *** all microglial subtypes,all differentially expressed genes were located on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the levels of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in all spinal cord oligodendrocyte subtypes were higher in females than in ***,the present dataset extensively characterizes glial cell heterogeneity and offers a valuable resource for explo

关键词： astrocyte glial cell human microglia oligodendrocyte sex differentiation single-nucleus RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics species variation spinal cord

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A VARIATIONAL EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION METHOD FOR THE INVERSE BLACK BODY RADIATION PROBLEM

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2008年第6期26卷 876-890页

作者： Jiantao cheng Tie zhou School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The inverse black body radiation problem, which is to reconstruct the area temperature distribution from the measurement of power spectrum distribution, is a well-known ill-posed problem. In this paper, a variational expectation-maximization （EM） method is developed and its convergence is studied. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the variational EM method is more efficient and accurate than the traditional methods, including the Tikhonov regularization method, the Landweber method and the conjugate gradient method.

关键词： Inverse black body radiation problem Variational EM method.

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Generalization of the mixed-space cluster expansion method for arbitrary lattices

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1598-1608页

作者： Kang Wang Du cheng Bi-cheng zhou Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA

Mixed-space cluster expansion(MSCE),a first-principles method to simultaneously model the configuration-dependent short-ranged chemical and long-ranged strain interactions in alloy thermodynamics,has been successfully applied to binary FCC and BCC ***,the previously reported MSCE method is limited to binary alloys with cubic crystal symmetry on a single *** the current work,MSCE is generalized to systems with multiple sublattices by formulating compatible reciprocal space interactions and combined with a crystal-symmetry-agnostic algorithm for the calculation of constituent strain *** generalized approach is then demonstrated in a hypothetical HCP system and Mg-Zn *** current MSCE can significantly improve the accuracy of the energy parameterization and account for all the fully relaxed structures regardless of lattice *** generalized MSCE method makes it possible to simultaneously analyze the short-and long-ranged configuration-dependent interactions in crystalline materials with arbitrary lattices with the accuracy of typical first-principles methods.

关键词： alloy cluster expansion

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A Position and Orientation Compensation Mechanism for Automatic Docking Device of Launch Rocket

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第6期35卷 1064-1072页

作者： zhou cheng Yu Cungui School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology

A position and orientation compensation mechanism for the automatic docking device of a launch rocketwas *** docking process was simulated,and the maximum docking deviation was used for the prototype testing of the compensation *** compensation mechanism mainly comprises four column pairmotion branch chains with the same *** the position of the ground connector panel changes relative to the moving platform,the sliding rods in the four motion branch chains move and rotate to either compress or stretch the connected spring,thereby compensating the position and ***,the dynamic simulation model of the compensation mechanism was *** docking process was then simulated under the maximum docking *** testing of the automatic docking device prototype was carried ***,the device was manufactured,and a maximum load test and maximum deviation test were carried *** results demonstrate that the compensation mechanism meets the design requirements,and the spring stiffness was found as the most important factor in determining the mechanical properties of the *** proposed compensation mechanism has a number of advantages,including a simple structure,large load bearing capacity,small size,simple installation,and adjustment.

关键词： priming connector position and orientation compensation mechanism spring dynamic simulation prototype test

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A novel knotted cotton-thread carrier:Its potential use in achieving the biomass renewal of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 670-675页

作者： zhou cheng WEN XiangHua The State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environment Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In order to achieve an innovative strategy to renew the biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system which can maintain white-rot fungi biomass, a novel knotted cotton-thread carrier was designed and made. By using a high-speed stirring apparatus under the conditions of 1400 r/min stirring speed for 6 min, mycelia immobilized on the knotted cotton-thread carriers were exfoliated completely and homogenized to a proper size. Furthermore, the homogenized mycelia from the immobilized mycelia can resume their growth on the knotted cotton-thread carriers in agitated flask cultures. The average regrowth biomass on the new carriers and the reused carriers was 0.0171 g/carrier and 0.0314 g/carrier, respectively. It proves that the knotted cotton-thread carrier performs perfectly in homogening the immobilized mycelia to achieve the biomass renewal of P. chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system.

关键词： knotted cotton-thread carrier biomass renewal immobilization homogenizing Phanerochaete chrysosporium

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Laser welding study of vacuum sintered HUST-1 lunar regolith simulant

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2905-2918页

作者： HAN WenBin DING LieYun zhou cheng zhou Yan DANG Fen National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 730074China

Efforts are underway to establish a permanent lunar base on the Moon. In situ lunar regolith is anticipated to be useful as a building material after sintering. However, sintering lunar regolith into a large-scale structure presents challenges. Therefore, the key to lunar construction lies in assembling multiple small-sized sintered modules into a stable, large-sized structure. This study explored the feasibility of welding the sintered HUST-1 lunar regolith simulant(HLRS) using a laser device and conducted experiments using lasers of varying power. The microstructure, mineral composition, element distribution, and shear strength of the welded joint were investigated. A few low-melting minerals were fused and vaporized during welding, leading to the generation of thermal decomposition gas. Furthermore, the welded joint exhibited numerous micro-cracks, pores, and bubbles,resulting in reduced weld shear strength. Finally, the influence of laser power on weld shear strength was investigated, revealing that the highest shear strength(15.69 N/cm) was achieved at a laser power of 1000 W. This study demonstrates the feasibility of laser welding of sintered HLRS for the first time, with potential applications in lunar base construction.

关键词： lunar regolith vacuum sintering laser welding weld shear strength lunar base

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Quantum gravity effects on spectroscopy of Kerr-Newman black hole in gravity's rainbow

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2022年第2期74卷 90-98页

作者： cheng-zhou Liu Jin-Jun Tao Department of Physics Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China

The effects of quantum gravity on spectroscopy for the charged rotating gravity’s rainbow are investigated in this *** utilizing an action invariant obtained from particles tunneling through the event horizon,the entropy and area spectrum for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole are *** equally spaced entropy spectrum characteristic of Bekenstein’s original derivation is ***,the entropy spectrum is independent of the energy of the test particles,although the gravity’s rainbow itself is the energy *** that,the quantum gravity effects of gravity’s rainbow has no influence on the entropy *** the other hand,due to the spacetime quantum effects,the obtained area spectrum is different from the original Bekenstein *** is not equidistant and is dependent on the horizon *** that,by analyzing the area spectrum from a specific rainbow function,a minimum area with a Planck scale is derived for the event *** this point,the area quantum is zero and the black hole radiation ***,the black hole remnant for the gravity’s rainbow is obtained from the area *** addition,the entropy for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated and the quantum correction to the area law is obtained and discussed.

关键词： black hole spectroscopy gravity’s rainbow quantum effects

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Physical,mechanical and thermal properties of vacuum sintered HUST-1 lunar regolith simulant

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第9期34卷 1243-1257页

作者： Wenbin Han Yan zhou Lixiong Cai cheng zhou Lieyun Ding National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Establishing a base on the Moon is one of the new goals of human lunar exploration in recent *** lunar regolith is one of the most potential building materials for lunar *** physical,mechanical and thermal properties of sintered lunar regolith are vital performance indices for the structural design of a lunar base and analysis of many critical mechanical and thermal *** this study,the HUST-1 lunar regolith simulant(HLRS)was sintered at 1030,1040,1050,1060,1070,and 1080℃.The effect of sintering temperature on the compressive strength was investigated,and the exact value of the optimum vacuum sintering temperature was determined between 1040 and 1060℃.Then,the microstructure and material composition of vacuum sintered HLRS at different temperatures were *** was found that the sintering temperature has no significant effect on the mineral composition in the temperature range of 1030-1080℃.Besides,the heat capacity,thermal conductivity,and coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)of vacuum sintered HLRS at different temperatures were *** heat capacity of sintered samples increases with the increase of test temperature within the temperature range from-75 to 145℃.Besides,the thermal conductivity of the sintered sample is proportional to ***,the two temperatures of 1040 and 1050℃were selected for a more detailed study of mechanical *** results showed that compressive strength of sintered sample is much higher than tensile *** study reveals the effects of sintering temperature on the physical,mechanical and thermal properties of vacuum sintered HLRS,and these material parameters will provide support for the construction of future lunar bases.

关键词： Lunar base Lunar regolith simulant Vacuum sintering Physical properties Mechanical properties Thermal properties

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A Pulsar Wind Nebula Origin of the Ultra-high-energy Source 1LHAASO J1929+1846

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第10期23卷 218-223页

作者： Qi Xia Lian-cheng zhou Jun Fang Department of Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

1LHAASO J1929+1846 is one of the ultra-high-energy(UHE,E>0.1 PeV)sources in the first catalog ofγ-ray sources detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower *** has been detected fluxes at 3 TeV for2.48±0.11×10^(-13)TeV^(-1)cm^(-2)s^(-1)with the Water Cherenkov Detector Array and at 50 TeV for0.64±0.06×10^(-16)TeV^(-1)cm^(-2)s^(-1)with the Kilometer Squared Array,but the origin of its UHE emission remains *** pulsar wind nebula(PWN)G54.1+0.3,which is powered by the pulsar PSR 1930+1852with a period of 136 ms and it is detected within a 0°.29 region around the centroid of 1LHAASO J1929+*** explore whether G54.1+0.3 is capable of producing the UHE radiation of 1LHAASO J1929+***,the data with Fermi Large Area Telescope for the PWN is analyzed to obtain the GeV ***,the multiband nonthermal fluxes for the nebula are investigated based on a one-zone time-dependent *** the model,we assume the spin-down energy of the pulsar is persistently injected into particles(electrons and positrons)and magnetic field in the PWN,and these high-energy particles produce multiband non-thermal radiation from radio toγ-rays via synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton *** reproduce the spectral energy distribution of PWN G54.1+0.3 with reasonable *** result indicates that the UHEγ-ray source 1LHAASO J1929+1846possibly originates from PWN G54.1+0.3.

关键词： radiation mechanisms:non-thermal ISM:supernova remnants gamma-rays:stars

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Flow field simulation of the thin metal ribbon formed by twin-belt rapid solidification

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2008年第2期15卷 155-160页

作者： Yan Liu Jianxin Xie Feng Guo cheng zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Liaoning Institute of Technology Jingzhou 121001 China

The flow field formed when an aluminum ribbon is produced by twin-belt rapid solidification is simulated with the solution algorithm （SOLA）-volume of fluid （VOF） method, and the influence of casting speed and cooling-belt velocity on the flow field is analyzed for a given ejection nozzle size. It has been found that the flow field can be filled well when the width of the ejection nozzle outlet is the same as that of the up slit of the cooling belt. When the ejection nozzle outlet is wider than the up slit of the cooling belt, the aluminum fluid can fill well if only the casting speed matches the cooling-belt velocity properly, otherwise under filling occurs in some areas in the cooling zone.

关键词： rapid solidification twin-belt method numerical simulation ribbon forming

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