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Generation and regulation of electromagnetic pulses generated by femtosecond lasers interacting with multitargets

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 96-107页

作者： Ya-Dong xia De-Feng Kong Qiang-You He Zhen Guo Dong-jun Zhang Tong Yang Hao cheng Yu-Ze Li Yang Yan xiao Liang Ping Zhu Xing-Long Xie Jian-Qiang Zhu Ting-Shuai Li Chen Lin Wen-jun Ma Xue-Qing Yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center Beijing 101407China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology Guangzhou 510540China National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and FineChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Ultrashort and powerful laser interactions with a target generate intense wideband electromagnetic pulses(EMPs).In this study,we report EMPs generated by the interactions between petawatt(30 fs,1.4×10^(20) W/cm^(2))femtosecond(fs)lasers with metal flat,plastic flat,and plastic nanowire-array(NWA)*** analyses are conducted on the EMPs in terms of their spatial distribution,time and frequency domains,radiation energy,and *** results indicate that EMPs from metal targets exhibit larger amplitudes at varying angles than those generated by other types of targets and are enhanced significantly for NWA *** a plastic target holder and increasing the laser focal spot can significantly decrease the radiation energy of the ***,the composite shielding materials indicate an effective shielding effect against *** simulation results show that the NWA targets exert a collimating effect on thermal electrons,which directly affects the distribution of *** study provides guidance for regulating EMPs by controlling the laser focal spot,target parameters,and target rod material and is beneficial for electromagnetic-shielding design.

关键词： Electromagnetic pulses Laser plasma interaction Electromagnetic shielding Electron distribution

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BaCe_(0.8)Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.1)O_(3−δ)-impregnated Ni-GDC by phase-inversion as an anode of solid oxide fuel cells with on-cell dry methane reforming

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 834-841页

作者： Yanya Liu jun Luo cheng Li Bo Liu Dong Yan Jian Li Lichao Jia School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

BaCe_(0.8)Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.1)O_(3−δ)(BCFN)in a perovskite structure is impregnated consecutively by BCFN solution and BCFN suspension into a phase-inversion prepared NiO–Gd_(0.1)Ce_(0.9)O_(2−δ)(GDC)scaffold as an anode for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)with on-cell dry reforming of methane(DRM).The whole pore surface of the scaffold is covered by small BCFN particles formed by BCFN solution impregnation;the large pores near the scaffold surface are filled by BCFN aerogels with a high specific surface area produced by BCFN suspension impregnation,which act as a catalytic layer for on-cell *** reduction,the anode consists of a Ni–GDC scaffold and BCFN particles with exsolved FeNi3 *** BCFN-impregnated Ni–GDC anode has higher electrical conductivity,electrochemical activity,and resistance to carbon deposition,with which the cell shows maximum power densities between 1.44 and 0.92 W·cm^(−2) when using H_(2) and between 1.09 and 0.50 W·cm^(−2) when using CO_(2)–CH_(4) at temperatures ranging from 750 to 600℃.A stable performance at 400 mA·cm^(−2) and 700℃is achieved using 45%CO_(2)–45%CH_(4)–10%N_(2) for more than 400 h without carbon deposition,benefiting from the impregnated BCFN aerogel with a high specific surface area and water adsorbability.

关键词： aerogel solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) phase-inversion dry reforming of methane(DRM) carbon resistance

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A wealth distribution model with a non-Maxwellian collision kernel

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 224-231页

作者：孟俊周霞赖绍永 College of Mathematics and Statistics Kashi UniversityKashi 844006China College of Mathematics and Physics Mianyang Teacher's CollegeMianyang 621000China School of Mathematics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu 611130China

A non-Maxwellian collision kernel is employed to study the evolution of wealth distribution in a multi-agent *** collision kernel divides agents into two different groups under certain conditions. Applying the kinetic theory of rarefied gases, we construct a two-group kinetic model for the evolution of wealth distribution. Under the continuous trading limit, the Fokker–Planck equation is derived and its steady-state solution is obtained. For the non-Maxwellian collision kernel, we find a suitable redistribution operator to match the taxation. Our results illustrate that taxation and redistribution have the property to change the Pareto index.

关键词： kinetic theory non-Maxwellian collision kernel wealth distribution Pareto index

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Antibacterial Activity of Plants in Cirsium:A Comprehensive Review

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第9期30卷 835-841页

作者： TANG xiao-meng XIE Ming-xia GOU jun-li CHEN Liang TIAN Jin-long ZHANG xia LU You-yuan WANG Han-qing College of Pharmacy Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia750004China College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University YinchuanNingxia750004China Ningxia Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese MedicineNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuan750004China Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of EducationYinchuan750004China

As ethnic medicine,the whole grass of plants in Cirsium was used as *** review focuses on the antimicrobial activity of plants in Cirsium,including antimicrobial components,against different types of microbes and bacteriostatic *** results showed that the main antimicrobial activity components in Cirsium plants were flavonoids,triterpenoids and phenolic acids,and the antimicrobial ability varied according to the species and the content of *** them,phenolic acids showed a strong antibacterial ability against Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Enterococcus *** antibacterial mechanisms include:(1)damaging the cell membrane,cell walls,mitochondria and nucleus of bacteria;(2)inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids;(3)suppressing the synthesis of enzymes for tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways and glycolysis,and then killing the bacteria via inhibition of energy ***,most research results on antimicrobial activity of Cirsium plants are reported based on in vitro *** evidence from clinical data and comprehensive evaluation are needed.

关键词： Cirsium traditional use antibacterial active components bacteriostatic activity bacteriostatic mechanism Chinese medicine

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Evaluating combined bevacizumab and XELOX in advanced colorectal cancer: Serum markers carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 199 analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 15-23页

作者： Dong-Bing Zhou jun cheng Xiong-Hui Zhang Department of Gastroenterology The Second People's Hospital of Jingzhou HubeiJingzhou 434000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Qianjiang Central HospitalQianjing 433100Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Xiantao First People's Hosepital Affiliated to Yangtze UniversityXiantao 433000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer ranks third and second among common and fatal *** treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)is generally based on XELOX in clinical practice,which includes capecitabine(CAP)and *** tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen(CA)125 and CA199 are prognostic factors for various *** To investigate evaluating combined bevacizumab(BEV)and XELOX in advanced colorectal cancer:Serum markers CEA,CA125,CA199 *** In this retrospective study,a total of 94 elderly patients diagnosed with mCRC were recruited and subsequently categorized into two groups based on the distinct treatment modalities they *** control group was treated with XELOX plus CAP(n=47),while the observation group was treated with XELOX plus CAP and BEV(n=47).Several indexes were assessed in both groups,including disease control rate(DCR),incidence of adverse effects,serum marker levels(CEA,CA125,and CA19)and progression-free survival(PFS).RESULTS After 9 wk of treatment,the serum levels of CEA,CA199 and CA125 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P0.05).CONCLUSION On the basis of XELOX treatment,the combination of BEV and CAP can reduce serum tumor marker levels and prolong PFS in patients with mCRC.

关键词： Metastatic colorectal cancer Bevacizumab Capecitabine XELOX Tumor markers

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The Astrometric Performance of the China Space Station Telescope(CSST)Sky Survey in Extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 133-140页

作者： jun Yao Jia-cheng Liu Niu Liu Zi Zhu Zhen-Wei Wang School of Astronomy and Space Science Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics(Ministry of Education)Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 211135China

The multi-color imaging sky survey conducted by the China Space Station Telescope(CSST)holds significant promise for advancing the development of the celestial reference *** this study,we focus on assessing the astrometric performance of the CSST celestial reference frame(CSST-CRF)in extending the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame 3(Gaia-CRF3).First,the orientation precision of the CSST reference frame is evaluated using a simulated set of extragalactic sources with CSST g magnitudes ranging from 18 to 25 *** estimated orientation uncertainty caused by random error insignificantly affects the alignment between Gaia-CRF3 and the ***,the systematic effect of incomplete CSST sky coverage on the alignment between CSST-CRF and Gaia-CRF3 is discussed by analyzing the differences between the subset of Gaia-CRF3 in the CSST observation region(Gaia-CRF3′)and Gaia-CRF3 as a *** the third International Celestial Reference Frame(ICRF3)S/X band as an intermediate reference frame,the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3′and GaiaCRF3 is estimated to be 20μ*** offset is marginally larger than the orientation offset between Gaia-CRF3 and the ICRF3,approximately 15μ*** residual spin and glide rate of Gaia-CRF3′are derived from the proper motions,consistent with that of Gaia-CRF3 within the formal ***,we explore the role of CSST in establishing a multi-band celestial reference frame by comparing its limiting magnitude and observation accuracy with existing catalogs in the infrared and ultraviolet *** to its broad wavelength coverage and highprecision measurements,CSST is well-positioned to make significant contributions to the development of a multiband celestial reference frame.

关键词： astrometry-reference systems-surveys

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Unraveling the stereoscopic gene transcriptional landscape of zebrafish using Fish SED,a fish spatial expression database with multispecies scalability

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 843-846页

作者： cheng Guo Weidong Ye Danying Cao Mijuan Shi Wanting Zhang Yingyin cheng Yaping Wang xiao-Qin xia Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Dear Editor,The expression profile demonstrates how each gene was expressed in the target tissue or cell at a given *** heterogeneity is a biological concept characterized by the presence of numerous cells with varying functions and expression profiles within organ/tissue *** is also cell-to-cell signaling,which implies that the extracellular environment and spatial location influence intracellular transcription,resulting in spatial heterogeneity of gene expression within the same cell type.

关键词： landscape fish database

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p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 suppresses ferroptosis in the glutamate-induced retinal excitotoxicity glaucoma model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2299-2309页

作者： Lemeng Feng Chao Wang cheng Zhang Wulong Zhang Weiming Zhu Ye He Zhaohua xia Weitao Song National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Eye Center of xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Glutamate excitotoxicity has been shown to play an important role in glaucoma, and glutamate can induce ferroptosis. The p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase(MAPK) pathway inhibitor SB202190 has a potential ability to suppress ferroptosis, and its downstream targets, such as p53, have been shown to be associated with ferroptosis. However, whether ferroptosis also occurs in retinal ganglion cells in response to glutamate excitotoxicity and whether inhibition of ferroptosis reduces the loss of retinal ganglion cells induced by glutamate excitotoxicity remain unclear. This study investigated ferroptosis in a glutamate-induced glaucoma rat model and explored the effects and molecular mechanisms of SB202190 on retinal ganglion cells. A glutamate-induced excitotoxicity model in R28 cells and an N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced glaucoma model in rats were used. In vitro experiments showed that glutamate induced the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxide and morphological changes of mitochondria in R28 cells, and SB202190 inhibited these changes. Glutamate induced the levels of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK and SAT1 and decreased the expression levels of ferritin light chain, SLC7A11, and GPX4. SB202190 inhibited the expression of iron death-related proteins induced by glutamate. In vivo experiments showed that SB202190 attenuated N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced damage to rat retinal ganglion cells and improved visual function. These results suggest that SB202190 can inhibit ferroptosis and protect retinal ganglion cells by regulating ferritin light chain, SAT1, and SLC7A11/Gpx4 pathways and may represent a potential retina protectant.

关键词： ferroptosis glaucoma glutamate excitotoxicity p38 MAPK retinal ganglion cell SB202190

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Pharmacotherapy of urethral stricture

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 1-9页

作者： Hui Luo Ke-cheng Lou Ling-Yu Xie Fei Zeng jun-Rong Zou The First Clinical College Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Institute of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention Ganzhou 341000China

Urethral stricture is characterized by the chronic formation of fibrous tissue,leading to the narrowing of the urethral *** the availability of various endoscopic treatments,the recurrence of urethral strictures remains a common *** pharmacotherapy targeting tissue fibrosis is a promising option for reducing recurrence *** drugs cannot replace surgery,they can be used as adjuvant therapies to improve *** this regard,many drugs have been proposed based on the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of urethral *** studies have obtained substantial progress in treating urethral strictures,highlighting the potential for improved drug effectiveness through appropriate clinical delivery ***,this review summarizes the latest researches on the mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of urethral stricture and the drugs to provide a theoretical basis and new insights for the effective use and future advancements in drug therapy for urethral stricture.

关键词： adjuvant therapy pathophysiology pharmacotherapy urethra urethral stricture

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Tailored multifunctional hydrazine derivatives for efficient printable hole-conductive-free mesoscopic perovskite solar cells via enhancing defect passivation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 357-363,I0008页

作者： Minghao xia Ziwei Zheng Yanjie cheng Chaoyang Wang Zhaozhen Cui Guodong Zhang Jinwei Gonga Anyi Mei Hongwei Han Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsKey Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816JiangsuChina

The low-cost and easy large-scale fabrication advantages of printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells(p-MPSCs)are overshadowed by their limited photovoltaic conversion efficiency(PCE).Here,we introduce the hydrazide derivative of 4-Hydroxybenzoylhydrazine(4-HBH)to improve the PCE of p-MPSCs by inducing enhanced defect *** carbonyl and hydrazine groups in hydrazide groups present strong interaction with *** hydroxyl group,as an electron donor group,increases the electron cloud density of the hydrazide group in 4-HBH under the conjugation of the benzene ring,and thus enhances its interaction with ***,the hydroxy group itself interacts with perovskite and passivates defects *** hydrazine agents can also reduce I2and suppress the loss of iodine in perovskite films,which inhibits the formation of iodine-related ***,p-MPSCs with 4-HBH achieve a high PCE of 19.21%,and present well improved stability.

关键词： Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells Multifunctional hydrazine derivatives Cooperative coordination Conjugation redox activity

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