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The unimodal latitudinal pattern of K,Ca and Mg concentration and its potential drivers in forest foliage in eastern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 318-328页

作者： Zhijuan Shi Sining Liu yahan chen Dongdong Ding Wenxuan Han Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province&National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River College of ForestrySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China

Potassium(K),calcium(Ca),and magnesium(Mg)are essential elements with important physiological functions in *** studies showed that leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations generally increase with increasing ***,recent meta-analyses suggested the possibility of a unimodal pattern in the concentrations of these elements along latitudinal *** authenticity of this unimodal latitudinal pattern,however,requires validation through large-scale field experimental data,and exploration of the underlying mechanisms if the pattern is ***,we collected leaves of common species of woody plants from 19 montane forests in the north-south transect of eastern China,including 322 species from 160 genera,67 families;and then determined leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations to explore their latitudinal patterns and driving *** results support unimodal latitudinal patterns for all three elements in woody plants across eastern China,with peak values at latitude 36.5±1.0°*** shift of plant-functional-type compositions from evergreen broadleaves to deciduous broadleaves and to conifers along this latitudinal span was the key factor contributing to these *** factors,mainly temperature,and to a lesser extent solar radiation and precipitation,were the main environmental *** factors,by altering the composition of plant communities and regulating plant physiological activities,influence the latitudinal patterns of plant nutrient *** findings also suggest that high leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations may represent an adaptive strategy for plants to withstand water stress,which might be used to predict plant nutrient responses to climate changes at large scales,and broaden the understanding of biogeochemical cycling of K,Ca,and Mg.

关键词： Potassium Calcium Magnesium Mid-latitudes Latitudinal pattern Plant functional type Water stress Woody plant

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艺术生产与剧院生存:商业剧院的运作机制研究

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四川戏剧 2024年第3期 134-138页

作者：陈雅涵王忠澳门城市大学人文社会科学学院中国澳门

剧院是戏曲戏剧等表演艺术演出的空间载体,承载着艺术创作及文化传承等重要功能。但是如今剧院“重建设、轻管理”及“建得起、养不起”的现象普遍存在,暴露了现有经营模式的不可持续性。本文以实行市场化运营的广州大剧院为例,采用行... 详细信息

剧院是戏曲戏剧等表演艺术演出的空间载体,承载着艺术创作及文化传承等重要功能。但是如今剧院“重建设、轻管理”及“建得起、养不起”的现象普遍存在,暴露了现有经营模式的不可持续性。本文以实行市场化运营的广州大剧院为例,采用行动者网络理论作为理论基础及分析方法,剖析剧院管理模式及市场化运营可操作性的问题。研究发现,以剧院管理人员为核心,串连政府、文艺从业者、观众、剧院建筑、商业合作公司及游客等主体可构成有效的行动者网络。联结多方主体构建利益联盟、关注空间生产、有效利用数字技术及培养管理人才是剧院实现自给自足市场化运营的关键。通过归纳总结广州大剧院的运作机制,本文将为广大商业剧院的可持续发展提供参考、为戏剧戏曲等表演艺术的演出与传承提供空间。

关键词：行动者网络理论商业剧院运作机制表演艺术可持续发展

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大语言模型在学术研究中的价值、风险及其规避

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社会科学战线 2024年第1期 149-155页

作者：苏君阳陈亚涵刘腾宇北京师范大学教育管理学院北京100875 北京通用人工智能研究院北京100080

人工智能时代下,以大语言模型为代表的生成式人工智能技术引发了多领域的范式革命,探索其在学术研究中的应用价值与风险规避具有必要性。大语言模型本质是字词从语言空间向语义空间的转换模型,具有同构性、统一性与稳定性的特征。大语... 详细信息

人工智能时代下,以大语言模型为代表的生成式人工智能技术引发了多领域的范式革命,探索其在学术研究中的应用价值与风险规避具有必要性。大语言模型本质是字词从语言空间向语义空间的转换模型,具有同构性、统一性与稳定性的特征。大语言模型在学术研究中的价值主要体现在原创性、知识管理与应用认同三个维度,提供了跨学科学术创新、学术体系发展与提升学术研究影响力的价值。大语言模型存在的结构性与能动性局限主要表现为方法模糊、责任模糊、评价模糊、主体性模糊,易造成研究信效度难以认定、人机角色责任划分不清,产生学术伦理不端与研究者关键技能退化的风险。规范和引导大语言模型在学术研究中的应用,应增强研究者的主体性、重视研究的解释性与反思性、探索梯级人机协同研究策略与加强学术伦理建设。

关键词：生成式人工智能大语言模型学术研究人机协同

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侵染甘肃茉莉的茉莉T病毒鉴定及分子进化分析

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北方园艺 2024年第17期 61-66页

作者：陈雅寒路云爽何志兰王骆凡甘肃农业大学植物保护学院甘肃兰州730070

以表现黄色环纹症状的8份茉莉叶片为试材,采用RT-PCR方法,研究了待测茉莉的病毒种类及茉莉T病毒(jasmine virus T,JaVT)外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因序列遗传多样性,以期为茉莉病毒病的防治提供参考依据。结果表明:4份样品中检测到Ja... 详细信息

以表现黄色环纹症状的8份茉莉叶片为试材,采用RT-PCR方法,研究了待测茉莉的病毒种类及茉莉T病毒(jasmine virus T,JaVT)外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因序列遗传多样性,以期为茉莉病毒病的防治提供参考依据。结果表明:4份样品中检测到JaVT,并扩增出4条JaVT的外壳蛋白(CP)基因序列。4个JaVT分离物CP基因间核苷酸序列的一致性为92.20%~95.20%,与NCBI已发表的4个JaVT CP基因核苷酸序列一致性为91.40%~94.00%。基于8个JaVT CP基因全长序列进行系统发育分析,结果表明该研究中的4个JaVT分离物与来自中国的JaVT-MZ962345聚集在一起。8条JaVT全长CP基因序列中检测到3个重组事件。这是甘肃省首次报道茉莉T病毒。

关键词：茉莉 JaVT 病毒检测 CP 分子进化分析

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基于BOPPPS和雨课堂的《普通植物病理学》课程混合式教学模式探究

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山东农业工程学院学报 2024年第9期41卷 30-35页

作者：陈雅寒杨成德甘肃农业大学植物保护学院甘肃兰州730070

随着现代信息技术的迅速发展,高等教育面临着理论和实践的重大变革。本研究以BOPPPS教学模式为基础,结合“雨课堂”智慧教学工具,以《植物病理学课程》中“植物病毒的一般形态、结构与组分”一课为例,依托在线课程平台,积极开展线上线... 详细信息

随着现代信息技术的迅速发展,高等教育面临着理论和实践的重大变革。本研究以BOPPPS教学模式为基础,结合“雨课堂”智慧教学工具,以《植物病理学课程》中“植物病毒的一般形态、结构与组分”一课为例,依托在线课程平台,积极开展线上线下混合式教学活动,探讨在高校植物病理学课程中引入基于BOPPPS教学模式和雨课堂智慧教学工具混合式教学的可行性和意义,旨在为高校植物病理学的改革和发展提供参考借鉴。

关键词： BOPPPS 雨课堂植物病理学教学模式

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Resorption efficiency of leaf nutrients in woody plants on Mt. Dongling of Beijing, North China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第5期8卷 530-538页

作者： Jianhua Zhang Zhiyao Tang Yongkai Luo Xiulian Chi yahan chen Jingyun Fang Haihua Shen State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesNo.20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19A Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityNo.5 Yiheyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100871China

Aims To explore resorption efficiency of nitrogen(NrE)and phosphorus(PrE)of woody plants in relation to soil nutrient availability,climate and evolutionary history,in North *** We measured concentrations of nitrogen([N])and phosphorus([P])in both full expanded mature green and senescent leaves of the same individuals for 88 woody species from 10 sites of ***,beijing,*** built a phylogenetic tree for all these species and compared NrE and PrE among life forms(trees,shrubs and woody lianas)and between functional groups(N-fixers and non-N-fixers).We then explored patterns of NrE and PrE along gradients of mean annual temperature(MAT),soil inorganic N and available P,and phylogeny using a general linear *** Findingsmass-based NrE(NrEm)and PrE(PrEm)averaged 57.4 and 61.4%,respectively,with no significant difference among life forms or functional *** NrEm nor PrEm exhibited significant phylogenetic signals,indicating that NrEm and PrEm were not phylogenetically *** was not related to[N]in green leaves;PrEm was positively correlated with[P]in green leaves;however,this relationship disappeared for different *** decreased with[N]in senescent leaves,PrEm decreased with[P]in senescent leaves,for all species combined and for trees and *** decreased with soil inorganic N for all species and for shrubs;PrEm did not exhibit a significant trend with soil available P for all species or for different plant *** NrEm nor PrEm was significantly related to MAT for overall species and for species of different groups.

关键词： nitrogen concentration phosphorus concentration senesced leaves nitrogen resorption efficiency phosphorus resorption efficiency soil nutrient climate

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柳树丛枝病病原分子鉴定

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植物病理学报 2024年第1期54卷 220-224页

作者：陈雅寒武崇高方健惠朱亚灵许宏刚程晓月欧阳经政甘肃农业大学植物保护学院兰州730070 甘肃省林业有害生物防治检疫站兰州7300703 兰州市园林科学研究所兰州730070

柳树(Willow)是杨柳科(Salicaceae)柳属(Salix)乔木植物,大多数品种具有耐旱耐盐碱的特性,对环境具有良好的适应能力[1]。柳树在甘肃省内广泛种植,是风景林、防护林和水土保持林的重要组成树种。柳树丛枝病是一种典型的植原体病害,当寄... 详细信息

柳树(Willow)是杨柳科(Salicaceae)柳属(Salix)乔木植物,大多数品种具有耐旱耐盐碱的特性,对环境具有良好的适应能力[1]。柳树在甘肃省内广泛种植,是风景林、防护林和水土保持林的重要组成树种。柳树丛枝病是一种典型的植原体病害,当寄主植株被病原物侵染时,顶芽生长受到抑制而侧芽提前萌发,导致受害枝条无法正常抽条或木质化,严重时甚至引起整株枯死[2],对林业的生态、经济和社会效益造成了极大损失。近年来,柳树丛枝病在甘肃省各市州发生严重,已经引起省内各界的普遍关注。

关键词：丛枝病水土保持林风景林抽条柳树分子鉴定防护林乔木植物

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Global leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and their scaling exponent

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National Science Review 2018年第5期5卷 728-739页

作者： Di Tian Zhengbing Yan Karl J.Niklas Wenxuan Han Jens Kattge Peter B.Reich Yongkai Luo yahan chen Zhiyao Tang Huifeng Hu Ian J.Wright Bernhard Schmid Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Department of Plant Biology Cornell University Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia10 Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University

Leaf nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations constrain photosynthetic and metabolic processes,growth and the productivity of plants. Their stoichiometry and scaling relationships regulate the allocation of N and P from subcellular to organism, and even ecosystem levels, and are crucial to the modelling of plant growth and nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Prior work has revealed a general biogeographic pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships and shown that leaf N scales roughly as two-thirds the power of P. However, determining whether and how leaf N and P stoichiometries, especially their scaling exponents, change with functional groups and environmental conditions requires further verification. In this study, we compiled a global data set and documented the global leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratios by functional group, climate zone and continent. The global overall mean leaf N and P concentrations were 18.9 mg gand 1.2 mg g, respectively, with significantly higher concentrations in herbaceous than woody plants(21.72 mg gvs. 18.22 mg gfor N; and 1.64 mg gvs. 1.10 mg gfor P). Both leaf N and P showed higher concentrations at high latitudes than low latitudes. Among six continents, Europe had the highest N and P concentrations(20.79 and 1.54 mg g) and Oceania had the smallest values(10.01 and 0.46 mg g). These numerical values may be used as a basis for the comparison of other individual studies. Further, we found that the scaling exponent varied significantly across different functional groups,latitudinal zones, ecoregions and sites. The exponents of herbaceous and woody plants were 0.659 and0.705, respectively, with significant latitudinal patterns decreasing from tropical to temperate to boreal zones. At sites with a sample size ≥10, the values fluctuated from 0.366 to 1.928, with an average of *** factors including the intrinsic attributes of different life forms, P-related growth rates and relative nutrient availa

关键词： leaf nitrogen phosphorus stoichiometry scaling exponent functional group biogeography

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Chemical warfare agent countermeasures based on macrocycle supramolecular chemistry

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Junyi chen yahan Zhang Chunju Li Qingbin Meng State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University

Given that chemical warfare agents(CWAs) pose some of the largest threats to humankind, social stability, and world peace,considerable attention has been drawn to the development of the corresponding detection, decontamination, and treatment techniques. The versatile functionality and distinctive recognition potency of macrocycles enable their customized design for specific tasks, such as chemical sensing, catalysis, or separation. Hence, supramolecular materials are well suited for the establishment of CWA countermeasures. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in the development of macrocycle-based materials for counteracting several representative CWAs, including nerve, blister, blood, incapacitating, choking, and irritating agents, providing a foundation for further advances in this field and fostering practical translational terms.

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Family-level leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of global terrestrial plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1047-1057页

作者： Di Tian Zhengbing Yan Suhui Ma Yuehong Ding Yongkai Luo yahan chen Enzai Du Wenxuan Han Emoke Dalma Kovacs Haihua Shen Huifeng Hu Jens Kattge Bernhard Schmid Jingyun Fang College of Life Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry ofEducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China College of Resources Science&Technology and State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyBeijing NormalUniversityBeijing100875China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina AgriculturalUniversityBeijing100193China National Institute for Research and Development in Optoelectronics INCDO-INOE2000 Research Institute for Analytical InstrumentationICIA subsidiaryCluj-Napoca400293Romania Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena07745Germany Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichZurich8057Switzerland

Leaf nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations are critical for photosynthesis, growth, reproduction and other ecological processes of plants. Previous studies on large-scale biogeographic patterns of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships were mostly conducted using data pooled across taxa, while family/genus-level analyses are rarely reported. Here, we examined global patterns of family-specific leaf N and P stoichiometry using a global data set of 12,716 paired leaf N and P records which includes 204 families, 1,305 genera, and 3,420 species. After determining the minimum size of samples(i.e., 35 records), we analyzed leaf N and P concentrations, N:P ratios and N^P scaling relationships of plants for 62 families with 11,440 records. The numeric values of leaf N and P stoichiometry varied significantly across families and showed diverse trends along gradients of mean annual temperature(MAT) and mean annual precipitation(MAP). The leaf N and P concentrations and N:P ratios of 62 families ranged from 6.11 to 30.30 mg g–1, 0.27 to 2.17 mg g–1, and 10.20 to 35.40, respectively. Approximately 1/3–1/2 of the families(22–35 of 62) showed a decrease in leaf N and P concentrations and N:P ratios with increasing MAT or MAP, while the remainder either did not show a significant trend or presented the opposite pattern. Family-specific leaf N^P scaling exponents did not converge to a certain empirical value, with a range of 0.307–0.991 for 54 out of 62 families which indicated a significant N^P scaling relationship. Our results for the first time revealed large variation in the family-level leaf N and P stoichiometry of global terrestrial plants and that the stoichiometric relationships for at least one-third of the families were not consistent with the global trends reported previously. The numeric values of the family-specific leaf N and P stoichiometry documented in the current study provide critical synthetic parameters for biogeographic modeling and for further stud

关键词： leaf nitrogen (N) leaf phosphorus (P) plant stoichiometry family N:P ratios N^P scaling relationship climate

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