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Cr^(Ⅵ) adsorption on four typical soil colloids: equilibrium and kinetics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第3期12卷 325-329页

作者： ZHOU Dong-mei chen huai-man LMCP Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

It is observed that the adsorption of chromium are greater on kaolinite minerals, red soil (R) and laterite (L) colloids than that on montmorillonite, indicotic black (IB) and yellow brown (YB) soil colloids. The adsorption process of Cr Ⅵ on these media can be further described by Langmuir or Freundlich equation quite well. The adsorption reaction of Cr Ⅵ is fast, and the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within the first two hours in moderate temperature. The adsorption quantity of Cr Ⅵ to kaolinite mineral increased with the increasing pH in the range of 2.0 to 7.0, then decreased at higher pH. But it showed some consistence among the four soil colloids. The lower the pH, the stronger the adsorption. The possible mechanisms are further discussed here. Meanwhile the influence of temperature on Cr Ⅵ adsorption on different soil colloid and clay minerals are also investigated.

关键词： Cr Ⅵ soil colloids clay mineral adsorption

Leaching of Copper and Zinc in a Garden Soil Receiving Poultry and Livestock manures from Intensive Farming

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 69-76页

作者： HAO Xiu-Zhen ZHOU Dong-Mei chen huai-man DONG Yuan-Hua State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM）, and commercial organic manure （OM） were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 and 0.01 mol L 1 EDTA solutions. The leachate EC （electric conductivity） values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution. The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^-1 EDTA solution. In all the soil columns, the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca（NO3）2 solution was used. The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^-1 NH4NO3, but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents. The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution was above the Quality Standard III for Ground Water of China （GB/T 14848-93, Zn 〈 1.0 mg L^-1）. When compared with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2, the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns. This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.

关键词： copper garden soil leaching manures zinc

Speciation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil experimentally contaminated with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn together and effects on soil negative surface charge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第4期14卷 439-444页

作者： ZHOU Dong mei, HAO Xiu zhen, TU Cong, chen huai man, SI You bin (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China. )

Speciation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil subsamples experimentally loaded with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in orthogonal design was investigated by sequential extraction, and operationally defined as water soluble and exchangeable(SE), weakly specific adsorbed(WSA), Fe and Mn oxides bound(OX) and organic bound(ORG). The results showed that fractions of heavy metals in the soil subsamples depended on their speciation. About 90% of Cd and 75% of Zn existed in soil subsamples in the SE fraction. Lead and Cu existed in soil subsamples as SE, WSA and OX fractions simultaneously, although SE was still the major fraction. Organic bound heavy metals were not clearly apparent in all the soil subsamples. The concentration of some heavy metal fractions in soil subsamples showed the good correlation with ionic impulsion of soil, especially for the SE fraction. Continuous saturation of soil subsamples with 0.20 mol/L NH 4Cl, which is the first step for determination of the negative surface charge of soil by the ion retention method, resulted in desorption of certain heavy metals from the soil. It was found that the percentage desorption of heavy metals from soil subsamples depended greatly on pH, the composition and original heavy metal content of the soil subsamples. However, most of the heavy metals in the soil subsamples were still be retained after multiple saturation. Compared with the parent soil, the negative surface charge of soil subsamples loaded with heavy metals did not show difference significantly from that of the parent one by statistical analysis. Heavy metals existed in the soil subsamples mainly as exchangeable and precipitated simultaneously.

关键词： soil heavy metals speciation soil surface charge

Effects of Different Lead Compounds on Growth and Heavy Metal Uptake of Wetland Rice

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Pedosphere 1991年第3期1卷 253-264页

作者： chenhuai－man ZHENGCHUN－RONG 等 LMCP，InstituteofSoilScience AcademiaSinicaP.O.Box821Nanjing210008（China） LMCP，InstituteofSoilScie

Effects of different lead compounds, PbCl2, Pb(NO3)2 and Pb(OAc)2, on the rice growth and uptake of lead and some microelements by wetland rice were studied. The results showed that the seed germination, rice seedling growth, chlorophyl content, grain yield and uptake of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn by rice plant were affected by the chemical forms of Pb compounds added in soil to a certain degree. The germination rate and the amount of chlorophyl decreased remarkably with increasing Pb concentration, the root extension was restrained obviously by the presence of Pb, and the effect of PbCl2 was more evident than that of Pb(NO3)2 or Pb(OAc)2. The pot incubation test with yellow brown soil and red soil showed that there was no significant regularity in effect of Pb on grain yield, but the difference in the influence of various Pb compounds on yield was clearer. The effect on the amount of Pb in straw and brown rice was in the sequence of Pb(NO3)2> Pb(OAc)2> PbCl2. In case the content of Pb in brown rice was 0.5 mg/ kg, the relative loading capacities of yellow brown soil for Pb added as PbCl2, Pb(OAc)2 and Pb(NO3)2 were 100, 90 and 60 respectively. Pb uptake by wetland rice was closely related to the chemical species of Pb in soil, but there was no comparability among chemical forms of different Pb compounds in the same soil. The uptake of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn by wetland rice was markedly affected by the addition of Pb, and different Pb compounds varied in their impacts on the uptake of other metals by different organs of wetland rice, e.g. the concentration of Fe in root increased significantly (r = 0.92), while opposite was true for Fe in brown rice (r =-0.92) due to the application of Pb(OAc), in soil. These results demonstrate that the effect of accompanying anions of Pb on the physiological and biochemical processes of wetland rice was rather complex.

关键词： anion loading capacity of soil microelement Pb rice

Effect of Anions on Adsorbability and Extractability of Lead Added in Soil

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Pedosphere 1991年第1期1卷 51-62页

作者： chen huai-man, ZHENG CHUN-RONG and SUN XIAO-HUALaboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, ’Institute of Soil Science, A cademia Sinica, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing (China)

The effect of accompanying anions on the adsorbability and extractability of Pb added in soils was studied by using bach equilibria and incubation-extraction *** concentration ranged between 0.48-2.41 mM in the adsorption experiment,and Pb added to soil from 2.14 to 19.31mM Pb/kg with an incubation time of 2-16 weeks in the incubation-extraction test in which 1M NH4OAc(pH 7) was taken as an extraction agent,and the Pb compounds used are PbCl2,Pb(NO3)2 and Pb(OAc)*** values of pH50 for Pb retention and the parameters,b and k values,of Langmuir equation were used to distinguish the difference of adsorbability and extractability of Pb affected by anions,*** from the results of either pH50 value or b value,the influences of Cl^- and NO3^- on the adsorbability and extractability of Pb in soils were similar but quite different from those of OAc^-.The relative loading capacities of soils to Pb calculated according to the extraction rate showed that the values of Pb(OAc)2 were higher than those of PbCl2 and Pb(NO3)2.

关键词： anion Langmuir equation Pb pH50 soil

ICU-acquired muscle weakness in COVID-19 patients who underwent lung transplantation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 94-96页

作者： Juan chen Bingqing Yue Jingyu chen man Huang General Intensive Care Unit the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310014China Lung Transplantation Laboratory the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310014China Department of Lung Transplantation the Second Affi liated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310014China Key Laboratory of Multiple Organ Failure(Zhejiang University) Ministry of EducationHangzhou 310014China Wuxi Lung Transplant Center Wuxi People's Hospital Affi liated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi 214043China

Lung transplantation (LT)has emerged as a crucial life-saving option for critically ill patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or irreversible lung injury.[1]Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW)is a prevalent complication in critically ill patients.[2] The recovery of recipients undergoing LT for COVID-19-related respiratory failure may face impediments due to ICU-AW,which negatively affects early mobilization and functional improvement. This study describes two cases of successful bilateral LT for severe COVID-19-related ARDS with the occurrence of ICU-AW and subsequent successful discharge.

关键词： patients lung respiratory

Responses of Different Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) Cultivars to Cu Toxicity

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Pedosphere 2005年第1期15卷 9-15页

作者： ZHOUDong-Mei XUEYan LIUXiao-Hong HAOXiu-Zhen chenhuai-man SHENZhen-Guo SIYou-Bin StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandSustainableAgriculture InstituteofSoilScienceChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China DepartmentofPlantScience NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095China DepartmentofPlantProtection AnhuiAgriculturalUniversityHefei230036China

Two pot experiments with a completely random design and 4 replications were performed in a greenhouse to examine the response difference of 17 cultivars of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) grown in a Cu-spiked and a clean soil to Cu. The response of pakchoi to Cu toxicity varied with the cultivars. The biomass in cultivars of Gaogengbai , Siyueman and Suzhouqing were sensitive to soil Cu pollution, but the cultivars of Heixinwu , Huoqingcai and HKcaixin were relatively tolerant. When the 17 cultiva…

关键词： Cu garden soil pakchoi screening toxicity

Optimizing frequency allocation for superconducting quantum processors with frequency-tunable qubits

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 23-36页

作者： Bi-Ying Wang Wuxin Liu Xiangyu chen Shu Xu Jiangyu Cui man-Hong Yung Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen518129China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China International Quantum Academy Shenzhen518048China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China

As superconducting quantum processors scale,a key challenge is maintaining high coherence times and fidelity control over numerous *** propose an automatic frequency allocation method for frequency-tunable qubits that equally considers coherence-limited fidelity and crosstalk-induced control errors during the allocation *** employing a weighted average of the objective functions for coherence time and crosstalk,we numerically calculate gate fidelity to establish an open-loop optimization for determining suitable weight *** results in an efficient objective function for frequency *** apply our method to frequency-tunable transmon qubits with tunable couplers,both theoretically and *** numerical results demonstrate significant advantages,including substantial reductions in gate errors and faster operation times,especially at higher qubit ***,our approach successfully achieves approximately 99.9%single-qubit fidelity on a nine-qubit chip.

关键词： frequency allocation transmon qubits superconducting processors

Interleukin-6 in epilepsy and its neuropsychiatric comorbidities: How to bridge the gap

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： Xiao-man chen Shuo Zhang Shi-Qi Gao Michael Xu Department of Neurology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina International Education School China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

There is growing evidence that interleukin(IL)-6 plays an important role in neurological and psychiatric *** editorial comments on the study published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry,which employed Mendelian randomization to identify a causal relationship between IL-6 receptor blockade and decreased epilepsy *** purpose of this editorial is to highlight the dual effects of IL-6 in epilepsy and its related neuropsychiatric ***-6 plays a critical role in the facilitation of epileptogenesis and maintenance of epileptic seizures and is implicated in neuroinflammatory proce-sses associated with ***,IL-6 significantly influences mood regulation and cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy,highlighting its involvement in neuropsychiatric *** summary,IL-6 is not only a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of epilepsy but also significantly contributes to the emergence of epilepsy-related neuropsychiatric *** resear-ch should prioritize elucidating the specific mechanisms by which IL-6 operates across different subtypes,stages and neuropsychiatric comorbidities of epilepsy,with the aim of developing more precise and effective ***,the potential of IL-6 as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of epile-psy warrants further investigation.

关键词： Epilepsy Interleukin-6 Neuropsychiatric comorbidities Depression Tocilizu-mab Neuroinflammation Interleukin-6 receptor blockade