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Evaluation of the environmental impact of the urban energy lifecycle based on lifecycle assessment

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第1期8卷 123-130页

作者： chen chen meirong su zhifeng yang gengyuan liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Energy resources have environmental impact through their entire lifecycle. The evaluation of the environmental impacts of the energy lifecycle can contribute to decision making regarding energy manage- ment. In this paper, the lifecycle assessment （LCA） method is introduced to calculate the environmental impact loads of different types of energy resources （including coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity） used in urban regions. The scope of LCA includes the production, transportation, and consumption processes. The pollutant emission inventory is listed, and the environmental impact loads are acquired through the calculation of environmental impact potentials, normalization, and weighted assessment. The evaluation method is applied to Beijing, China, revealing that photochemical oxidant formation and acidification are the primary impact factors in the lifecycle of all energy resources and that the total environmental impact load increased steadily from 132.69 million person equivalents （PE） in 1996 to 208.97 million PE in 2010. Among the energy types, coal contributes most to the environmental impact, while the impacts caused by oil, natural gas, and electricity have been growing. The evaluation of the environmental impact of the urban energy lifecycle is useful for regulating energy structures and reducing pollution, which could help achieve sustainable energetic and environmental development.

关键词： environmental impact urban energy lifecycle lifecycte assessment (LCA) Beijing

Urban public health assessment and pattern analysis： comparison of four cities in different countries

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2013年第2期7卷 191-198页

作者： meirong su chen chen Weiwei LU gengyuan liu zhifeng yang Bin chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Urban public health is an important global issue, and receives extensive attention. It is necessary to compare urban public health status among different cities, so that each city can define its own health patterns and limiting factors. The following assessment indicators were established to evaluate urban public health status： living conditions, physical health, education and culture, envir- onmental quality, and social security. A weighted-sum model was used in combination with these indicators to compare the urban public health status in four cities-- Beijing, New York, London, and Tokyo--using data for 2000-2009. Although the urban public health level of Beijing was lower than that of the other cities, it showed the greatest increase in this level over the study period. Different patterns of urban public health were identified： London had the most balanced, steady pattern （almost all factors performed well and developed stably）; New York and Tokyo showed balanced, but unsteady patterns （most factors remained high, though social security and environ- mental quality fluctuated）; Beijing had the most unba- lanced, unsteady pattern （the different factors were at different levels, and education and culture and social security fluctuated）. For enhanced urban public health status, environmental quality and education and culture clearly need to be improved in Beijing. This study demonstrates that a comparison of different cities is helpful in identifying limiting factors for urban public health and providing an orientation for future urban development.

关键词： public health urban ecosystem health pattern limiting factor

A review of industrial symbiosis research： theory and methodology

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第1期9卷 91-104页

作者： Yan ZHANG Hongmei ZHENG Bin chen meirong su gengyuan liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The theory, methodologies, and case studies in the field of industrial symbiosis have been developing for nearly 30 years. In this paper, we trace the development history of industrial symbiosis, and review its current theoretical and methodological bases, as well as trends in current research. Based on the research gaps that we identify, we provide suggestions to guide the future development of this approach to permit more comprehensive analyses. Our theoretical review includes key definitions, a classification system, and a description of the formation and development mechanisms. We discuss methodological studies from the perspective of individual industrial metabolic processes and network analysis. Analyzing specific metabolic processes can help to characterize the exchanges of materials and energy, and to reveal the ecological performance and economic benefits of the symbiosis. Network analysis methods are increasingly being used to analyze both the structural and functional characteristics of a system. Our suggestions for future research focus on three aspects： how to quantitatively classify industrial symbiosis systems, monitor the dynamics of a developing industrial symbiosis system, and analyze its internal attributes more deeply.

关键词： industrial ecology industrial symbiosis,industrial metabolism network analysis

Network analysis of eight industrial symbiosis systems

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第2期10卷 352-365页

作者： Yan ZHANG Hongmei ZHENG Han SHI Xiangyi YU gengyuan liu meirong su Yating LI Yingying CHAI State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Public Policy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Solid Waste and Chemical Management Center of MEP Beijing 100029 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Industrial symbiosis is the quintessential characteristic of an eco-industrial park. To divide parks into different types, previous studies mostly focused on qualitative judgments, and failed to use metrics to conduct quantitative research on the intemal structural or functional characteristics of a park. To analyze a park＇s structural attributes, a range of metrics from network analysis have been applied, but few researchers have compared two or more symbioses using multiple metrics. In this study, we used two metrics （density and network degree centraliza- tion） to compare the degrees of completeness and dependence of eight diverse but representative industrial symbiosis networks. Through the combination of the two metrics, we divided the networks into three types： weak completeness, and two forms of strong completeness, namely ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism and ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism. The results showed that the networks with a weak degree of completeness were sparse and had few connections among nodes; for ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism, the degree of completeness was relatively high, but the affiliated members were too dependent on core members; and the members in ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism had equal roles, with diverse and flexible symbiotic paths. These results revealed some of the systems＇ internal structure and how different structures influenced the exchanges of materials, energy, and knowledge among members of a system, thereby providing insights into threats that may destabilize the network. Based on this analysis, we provide examples of the advantages and effectiveness of recent improvement projects in a typical Chinese eco-industrial park （Shandong Lubei）.

关键词： industrial ecology network analysis density,network degree centralization eco-industrial park

铝土岩储层水平井完井分段压裂关键技术及应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区太原组为例

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天然气地球科学 2024年第8期35卷 1467-1479页

作者：肖元相解永刚李明瑞唐梅荣陈宝春周长静邝聃李达苏煜彬段志锋刘欣佳低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室陕西西安710018 中国石油长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院陕西西安710018 中国石油长庆油田公司勘探事业部陕西西安710021 中国石油长庆油田公司天然气评价项目部陕西西安710018

近年来,鄂尔多斯盆地庆阳气田太原组铝土岩新类型储层勘探取得重大突破。为精细评价太原组铝土岩储层发育及含气状况,落实含气富集区规模及潜力,急需探索水平井提高单井产量的可行性。结合前期铝土岩地质特征分析和直定井压裂施工总结,... 详细信息

近年来,鄂尔多斯盆地庆阳气田太原组铝土岩新类型储层勘探取得重大突破。为精细评价太原组铝土岩储层发育及含气状况,落实含气富集区规模及潜力,急需探索水平井提高单井产量的可行性。结合前期铝土岩地质特征分析和直定井压裂施工总结,明确了铝土岩水平井完井压裂的工艺难点和技术方向,通过论证完井井身结构设计,开展岩石力学及地应力实验,优选地质与工程双甜点,优化分段压裂差异化参数设计,应用多组分耦合活性酸及压裂液关键添加剂,完成了L47-1CH首口铝土岩水平井完井压裂现场试验。L47-1CH井试验结果表明:①庆阳气田太原组铝土岩储层埋藏深(3900~4500 m)、岩性特征复杂,气藏呈“鸡窝状”分布,储层岩石破裂压力高,可压性差,试气产量变化较大;②在结合水平段测井数据聚类分析法综合确定地质甜点段的基础上,根据太原组铝土岩储层地应力分布特征,运用岩石断裂力学理论优化分段多簇压裂工艺,增大气藏的泄流面积;③通过水平井完井压裂工程试验,试气获无阻流量353×10^(4)m^(3)/d,试采日产气达15×10^(4)m^(3),单井产量实现大幅提升;④综合测试压裂分析、主压裂施工分析、试采评价分析和产出剖面分析,证实庆阳气田太原组铝土岩具有一定的勘探开发潜力,采用水平井开采是可行的,为鄂尔多斯盆地太原组铝土岩下一步高效开发积累了经验。

关键词：太原组铝土岩多效耦合酸水平井分段压裂

基于养分指标相关性的土壤有机质预测模型研究

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中国无机分析化学 2023年第6期13卷 637-644页

作者：殷萍于美荣张漫张强孙瑞苏芳刘璐程奕陈秋生天津市农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所天津300381 天津市农业发展服务中心天津300061

为探究土壤间各养分指标间的相互关系,选取了天津市宁河区不同区域的种植土壤,基于行业标准规定的检测方法,对主要养分指标进行了测定,并研究各指标间的相关性。结果表明,各区域土壤pH值变异系数最小,整体均呈碱性;有机质、全氮及速效... 详细信息

为探究土壤间各养分指标间的相互关系,选取了天津市宁河区不同区域的种植土壤,基于行业标准规定的检测方法,对主要养分指标进行了测定,并研究各指标间的相关性。结果表明,各区域土壤pH值变异系数最小,整体均呈碱性;有机质、全氮及速效钾变异系数属于中等;有效磷的变异系数最高。各研究区域土壤有机质含量与全氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与pH值呈显著负相关(P<0.01),而与其他指标间不具备普遍且显著的相关性。基于多元线性回归分析建立了土壤有机质与全氮及pH值之间的预测模型,通过模型计算出的预测值与实际测定值的拟合性较好;另取土壤样品进行验证表明,预测模型具有良好的可靠性和准确性。

关键词：土壤养分指标有机质全氮 pH值预测模型

降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生率的品管圈实践

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中西医结合护理（中英文） 2020年第2期6卷 118-121页

作者：苏婷婷李碧香杨攀陈明锐陈美容高小红李丹刘贻好中山大学附属第五医院血液内科广东珠海519000

目的探讨开展品管圈活动降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生率的效果。方法组建品管圈小组,以“降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生率”为主题,通过品管圈活动进行PDCA循环改进,根据口腔炎发生的原因制定对策并实施,最后评价实施效果。品... 详细信息

目的探讨开展品管圈活动降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生率的效果。方法组建品管圈小组,以“降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生率”为主题,通过品管圈活动进行PDCA循环改进,根据口腔炎发生的原因制定对策并实施,最后评价实施效果。品管圈活动前(2019年2月—4月)和品管圈活动后(2019年5月—12月)白血病患者化疗总次数分别为45例次和54例次。结果化疗相关口腔炎由品管圈活动前的37.78%(17/45)降低至活动后的18.52%(10/54),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论开展品管圈活动能有效降低白血病患者化疗相关口腔炎发生风险。

关键词：品管圈白血病化疗口腔炎口腔护理

An Implantation and Detection System for Spectroscopy of 22,24Si

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原子核物理评论 2016年第2期33卷 230-234页

作者：孙立杰徐新星林承键王建松方德清李智焕王玉廷李晶杨磊马南茹王康臧宏亮王宏伟李琛施晨钟聂茂武李秀芳李贺马军兵马朋金仕纶黄美容白真王建国杨峰贾会明张焕乔刘祖华包鹏飞王东玺吴振东杨彦云陈志强苏俊谌阳平周远杰马维虎陈杰 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China School of Physic and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A new decay detection system with high detection efficiency and low detection threshold has been developed for charged-particle decay studies, including β-delayed proton, α decay or direct proton emission from proton-rich nuclei. The detection system was tested by using the β-delayed proton emitter ^(24)Si and was commissioned in the decay study of ^(22)Si produced by projectile fragmentation at the First Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou. Under a continuous-beam mode, the isotopes of interest were implanted into two double-sided silicon strip detectors, where the subsequent decays were measured and correlated to the preceding implantations by using position and time information. The system allows to measure protons with energies down to about 200 ke V without obvious β background in the proton spectrum. Further application of the detection system can be extended to the measurements of β-delayed proton decay and the direct proton emission of other exotic proton-rich nuclei.

关键词： β-delayed proton decay direct proton decay double-sided silicon strip detector continuousbeam mode implantation-decay correlation