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A hydrophilic poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) polymer as a green, universal, and dual-functional binder for high-performance silicon anode and sulfur cathode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 127-135,I0003页

作者： Hao chen Zhenzhen Wu Zhong su Luke Hencz su chen cheng Yan Shanqing Zhang Centre for Clean Environment and Energy School of Environment and ScienceGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQueensland 4222Australia School of Mechanical Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueensland 4000Australia

Binders could play crucial or even decisive roles in the fabrication of low-cost, stable and high-capacity electrodes. This is especially the case for the silicon (Si) anodes and sulfur (S) cathodes that undergo large volume change and active material loss in lithium-ion batteries during prolonged cycles. Herein, a hydrophilic polymer poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) was explored as a dual-functional aqueous binder for the preparation of high-performance silicon anode and sulfur cathode. Benefiting from the dual functions of PMVEMA, i.e., the excellent dispersion ability and strong binding forces, the as-prepared electrodes exhibit improved capacity, rate capability and long-term cycling performance. In particular, the as-prepared Si electrode delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 1346.5 mAh g^(−1) at a high rate of 8.4 A/g and maintains 834.5 mAh g^(−1) after 300 cycles at 4.2 A/g, while the as-prepared S cathode exhibits enhanced cycling performance with high remaining discharge capacities of 663.4 mAh g^(−1) after 100 cycles at 0.2 C and 487.07 mAh g^(−1) after 300 cycles at 1 C, respectively. These encouraging results suggest that PMVEMA could be a universal binder to facilitate the green manufacture of both anode and cathode for high-capacity energy storage systems.

关键词： Dual-functional Aqueous binder Silicon anode sulfur cathode Lithium-ion batteries Lithium-sulfur batteries

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Spatial/temporal indexing and information visualization genre for environmental digital libraries

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1235-1248页

作者： chen su-shing GRUNWALD Sabine Department of Computer ＆ Information Science ＆ Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611 USA Department of Soil and Water Science University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611 USA

Protecting and preserving our environmental systems require the ability to understand the spatio-temporal distri- bution of soils, parent material, topography, and land cover as well as the effects of human activities on ecosystems. Space-time modelling of ecosystems in an environmental digital library is essential for visualizing past, present, and future impacts of changes occurring within such landscapes (e.g., shift in land use practices). In this paper, we describe three novel features, spa- tio-temporal indexing, visualization, and geostatistical genre, for the environmental digital library, Environmental Visualization and Geographic Enterprise System (ENVISAGE), currently in progress at the University of Florida.

关键词： Spatio-temporal indexing Geostatistics GIS (Geographic Information System) Visualization Environmentaldigital library Spatio-temporal search

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Evaluation of economic loss from energy-related environmental pollution： a case study of Beijing

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2013年第3期7卷 320-330页

作者： chen chen Meirong su Gengyuan LIU Zhifeng YANG State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

With the growth of energy consumption, energy-related environmental pollution has become increasingly serious, which in turn causes enormous economic loss because of public health damage, corrosion of materials, crop yield reduction, and other factors. Evaluating economic loss caused by energy-related environmental pollution can contribute to decision making in energy management. A framework for evaluating economic loss from environmental pollution produced during energy production, transportation, and consumption is proposed in this paper. Regarding SO2, PMlo, and solid waste as the main pollutants, economic losses from health damage, materials corrosion, crop yield reduction, and solid waste pollution are estimated based on multiple concentration-response relationships and dos^response functions. The proposed framework and evaluation methods are applied to Beijing, China. It is evident that total economic loss attributable to energy-related environ-mental pollution fluctuated during 2000-2011 but had a general growth trend, with the highest value reaching 2.3× 108 CNY （China Yuan） in 2006. Economic loss caused by health damage contributes most to the total loss among the four measured damage types. The total economic loss strongly correlates with the amount of energy consumption, especially for oil and electricity. Our evaluation framework and methods can be used widely to measure the potential impact of environmental pollution in the energy lifecycle.

关键词： economic loss environmental pollution health damage energy lifecycle Beijing

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Evaluation of the environmental impact of the urban energy lifecycle based on lifecycle assessment

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第1期8卷 123-130页

作者： chen chen Meirong su Zhifeng YANG Gengyuan LIU State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Energy resources have environmental impact through their entire lifecycle. The evaluation of the environmental impacts of the energy lifecycle can contribute to decision making regarding energy manage- ment. In this paper, the lifecycle assessment （LCA） method is introduced to calculate the environmental impact loads of different types of energy resources （including coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity） used in urban regions. The scope of LCA includes the production, transportation, and consumption processes. The pollutant emission inventory is listed, and the environmental impact loads are acquired through the calculation of environmental impact potentials, normalization, and weighted assessment. The evaluation method is applied to Beijing, China, revealing that photochemical oxidant formation and acidification are the primary impact factors in the lifecycle of all energy resources and that the total environmental impact load increased steadily from 132.69 million person equivalents （PE） in 1996 to 208.97 million PE in 2010. Among the energy types, coal contributes most to the environmental impact, while the impacts caused by oil, natural gas, and electricity have been growing. The evaluation of the environmental impact of the urban energy lifecycle is useful for regulating energy structures and reducing pollution, which could help achieve sustainable energetic and environmental development.

关键词： environmental impact urban energy lifecycle lifecycte assessment (LCA) Beijing

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Chemical and Isotopic Responses to Intensive Groundwater Abstraction and Its Implications on Aquifer sustainability in Shijiazhuang,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第3期28卷 523-534页

作者： Zhongshuang cheng Yongbo Zhang chen su Zongyu chen Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China

The stress imposed on groundwater resources due to intensively exploited aquifer has resulted in groundwater depletion in the North China Plain（NCP）. Management of groundwater resources needs to understand the changes or dynamic responses due to the exploitation. The response of groundwater systems to intensive exploitation and groundwater availability were assessed by the combined use of conventional hydrochemical data and environmental isotopes in Shijiazhuang, NCP. The generally increased concentration of total dissolved solids（TDS）, major cation and anion of groundwater in the past 40 years indicated high vulnerability of aquifer system but a short turn over time by intensive groundwater exploitation, which also was proved by changes of groundwater renewal rate estimated by tritium. The vertical distribution of tritium in aquifers showed that the active groundwater recharge zone has been extended from the depth of 100 to ~150 m since 1985, indicating an enhancement of active groundwater flushing of local groundwater system due to intensive groundwater abstraction. The enrichment trend of δ^（18）O and δ~2H value with groundwater abstraction, suggested the impacts of local recharge from irrigation return. The increase concentrations of nitrate with time indicated high aquifer vulnerability. A comprehensive effort should be developed for effective management strategies that ensure long-term, stable, and flexible water supplies to meet water demands in the NCP.

关键词： isotope renewal rate North China Plain groundwater

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Debris Flow Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of NonStructural Strategies in Taiwan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 308-322页

作者： chen su-Chin WU Chun-Yi Department of Soil and Water Conservation National Chung-Hsing University

Taiwan has disadvantageous conditions for sediment-related disasters such as debris flows. The construction of engineering structures is an effective strategy for reducing debris flow disasters. However, it is impossible to construct engineering structures in all debris flow areas in a short period. Therefore, the government aims to gradually develop non-structural preventive strategies, including evacuation planning, debris flow disaster emergency action system, disaster resistant community program, recruitment of debris flow professional volunteers, debris flow warning systems, and land management strategies, to mitigate disasters and secure the safety of residents. This review describes the processes and effects of recent debris flow non-structural preventive strategies in Taiwan. The average number of casualties prior to the year 2000 was far higher than the corresponding number after 2000 because debris flow evacuation drills have been promoted since 2000 and the debris flow disaster emergency action system has been progressively improved since 2002. Furthermore, the changes in risks caused by debris flow disasters before and after the implementation of non-structural preventive strategies were used to explain the effectiveness of these strategies at the community level. The results showed that softwarebased non-structural preventive strategies can effectively reduce the casualties caused by debris flows at both the national and community levels.

关键词： Debris flow Warning systems Evacuation planning Rainfall threshold Preventive strategies

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Non-Structural Mitigation Programs For Sediment-Related Disasters after the Chichi Earthquake in Taiwan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第3期7卷 291-300页

作者： chen su-Chin HUANG Bo-Tsung Professor Department of Soil and Water ConservationNational Chung-Hsing University Assistant Engineer Taitung BranchSoil and Water Conservation Bureau

Following the Chichi Earthquake （ML=7.3） in 1999, sediment-related disasters, such as landslides and debris flows, have become more frequent in Taiwan. Because engineering structures cannot be fully and rapidly emplaeed, the government has initiated non-structural hazard mitigation programs. Initially, community debris flow evacuation drills were promoted in 2000. Typhoon Toraji caused numerous debris flow events in July 2001, and some communities evacuated according to the drills, significantly reducing the numbers of possible casualties. Based on that result, the government expanded the program for evacuation drills. Secondly, the early warning system created after the Chichi Earthquake will prevent many potential future casualties. Rainfall threshold values for debris flow warnings in different areas are determined from information received from local weather stations and modified for local geomorphologic situations. Real- time information is gradually being integrated to create a debris flow disaster warning system, the goal of which is to provide warnings to zones in which debris flows are likely. The warning system was launched in 2005 and has two levels of alarms： yellow and red. The final, red alarm triggers enforced evacuation. Overall, the decrease in casualties from debris flows during the decade after the Chichi Earthquake is not the result of a decrease in number or severity of sediment related disasters, but is more directly related to the gradually improved early warning and evacuation system. However, the compound hazards resulting from Typhoon Morakotin 2009 remind us of the ongoing need for improving the existing mitigation system.

关键词： Warning system evacuation and shelter rainfall threshold value for debris flow ChichiEarthquake

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Exploring landslide erosion volume-area scaling relationships by slip depth using changes in DTMs for basin sediment volume estimation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第3期16卷 581-594页

作者： chen su-chin chen Chien-yuan HUANG Wen-yan Innovation and Development Centre of sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA) Department of Soil and Water ConservationNational Chung-Hsing University Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering National Chiayi University

Landslides produce large quantities of sediment deposits and reduce reservoir life. This study investigated landslides at the Shihmen Reservoir basin in Taiwan that were induced by Typhoon Sinlaku and Typhoon Jangmi in 2008. We formulate scaling relationships between landslide erosion volume and area and conclude that sediment budget can be estimated based on the easier-todetermine landslide erosion area. The methodologies applied for the investigation were geomorphological analysis through 5 m × 5 m digital terrain models(DTMs) of the basin created before and after the landslide events and spatial analysis through a geographic information system. The erosion area and volume of landslides were measured through the subtraction of DTMs produced before and after the events. Statistical analysis revealed that the landslide erosion frequency–magnitude distribution exhibited power-law behaviors with a scaling exponent of 2.15 for the frequency–area distribution and 1.66 for the frequency–volume distribution. This paper proposes different scaling relationships for different moving depths, and landslide erosion volumes were estimated on the basis of depth; thus, landslides of different scales can be distinguished to avoid errors in volume estimation. Two different scaling exponents are proposed: 1.21 for landslide erosions with depths of less than 2 m and 1.01 for landslide erosions with depths of more than 2 m. The proposed scaling relationships are practical for landslide erosion volume estimation by different depths according to the landslide area, and they can provide preliminary results for sediment budget planning in a reservoir basin.

关键词： Landslide Volume-area scaling relationship Power-law Self-similarity GIS Landslide frequency-area distribution

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Mechanics of Aquitard Drainage by Aquifer-System Compaction and Its Implications for Water-Management in the North China Plain

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第3期25卷 598-604页

作者： chen su Zongyu chen Jiang chen Yuhong Fei Jingsheng chen Baoqian Duan Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

The deformation of aquitard is the main contribution to land subsidence in the North China Plain, and the water released from aquitard compaction may be a large portion of the exploited groundwater. In this study, the consolidation test was employed to understand the mechanics on the drainage and deformation of aquitard. The results suggested the strain of aquitard mainly resulted from the difference of hydraulic head between aquifers. And it was decreased with depth of aquitard at the same hydrodynamic pressure. In contrast with the interbed within aquifers, the aquitard was deformable when it was compressed. The weakly bound water was significantly released when the void ratio was about 0.44–0.45, and the EC of water released from the aquitard was decreased with the compacting process. The data from the consolidation test suggested that the pumping of groundwater from aquifer III might be less contribution to the land subsidence with respect to other aquifers in the future.

关键词： Quaternary aquifer clay consolidation test double layer land subsidence.

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Quantum Radiative Correction on the Mass of Electron in a Cavity

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第1期14卷 9-12页

作者： NI Guang-jiong chen su-qing Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433

When an electron is moving through a cavity,its mass is modified due to the boundary effect on the virtual *** shift of self energy is calculated at the one loop level by means of Plana formula to yield analytical res... 详细信息

关键词： Electron boundary moving

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