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Equivalent combined cycle modelling for three-heat-reservoir thermal Brownian heat pump with heat-transfer effect and its optimal performance

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： lingen chen Congzheng QI Yanlin GE Huijun FENG Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety Wuhan Institute of Technology Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment Wuhan Institute of Technology Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology

Because of the important role of the absorption heat pump in low-grade thermal energy utilization, this paper extends it to micro domain and performs a finite-time thermodynamic modelling for a three-heat-reservoir (THR) thermal Brownian heat pump with heat transfer effect by using an equivalent combined cycle method, which was applied for macro endoreversible THR heat pumps. The working principle and energy transformation rule are studied, and the coefficient of performance (COP) and heating load are derived. With a fixed overall thermal conductance of three heat exchangers, the maximal heating load is determined by optimizing thermal conductance distributions among three heat exchangers and barrier height, and the optimal working temperatures are also obtained. The impact of external heat transfer is elucidated to show the difference between this model and a non-equilibrium thermodynamic one. Results indicate that external heat transfer determines the energy transformation directly, and performance characteristics are closer to reality when external heat transfer is considered. The heating load has a maximal value about thermal conductance allocation ratios. About half the overall heat exchanger inventory needs to be assigned to the heat exchanger of the heating space for maximal heating load. When the cycle is with only heat transfer effect, the net particle numbers are zero, and the cycle fails to pump heat. The research results are expected to offer an idea for thermodynamic optimization and design of micro THR thermal Brownian heat pump devices.

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Power output and efficiency optimization of endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine via Lewis analogy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第9期66卷 2651-2659页

作者： chen lingen XIA ShaoJun Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China

Compared with endoreversible heat engine with pure heat transfer and endoreversible isothermal chemical engine with pure mass transfer,endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine(ENICE)is a more reasonable model of practical mass exchanger,solid device and chemo-electric *** exists heat and mass transfer(HMT)simultaneously between working fluid and chemical potential reservoir in *** is coupled HMT effect that in ENICE should be *** are two ways to consider this coupled *** is based on Onsager equations,and another is based on Lewis *** the mathematical and physical description of the above HMT process,the model using Onsager equations are more appropriate in the linear HMT region not far from the equilibrium state,while that based on Lewis analogy is more appropriate in nonlinear HMT region far from the equilibrium *** from the previous research on the power optimization of ENICEs with Onsager equations,this paper optimizes power and efficiency of ENICE based on Lewis *** processes are assumed to obey Newtonian heat transfer law(q∝ΔT,and T is temperature)and Fick's diffusive mass transfer law(g∝Δc,and c is concentration),*** results of power output and corresponding vector efficiency(η_(T)andη_(μ))of ENICE are obtained,which provide important parallel results with those based on Onsager *** include special cases for endoreversible Carnot heat engine with q∝ΔT and endoreversible isothermal chemical engine with g∝Δ*** Lewis analogy in the modelling of ENICEs with simultaneous HMT is an important *** provides important analytical and numerical results different from those with Onsager equations obtained previously and enriches the research contents of *** research results in this paper have a certain guiding significance for the optimal designs of single irreversible NICEs,multistage NICE systems,practical mass exchangers,solid devices,chemo-electric syste

关键词： finite time thermodynamics endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine Lewis analogy heat and mass transfer vector efficiency maximum power output

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Power-optimization of multistage non-isothermal chemical engine system via Onsager equations,Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman theory and dynamic programming

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 841-852页

The research on the output rate performance limit of the multi-stage energy conversion system based on modern optimal control theory is one of the hot spots of finite time *** existing research mainly focuses on the multi-stage heat engine system with pure heat transfer and the multi-stage isothermal chemical engine(ICE)system with pure mass transfer,while the multi-stage non ICE system with heat and mass transfer coupling is less involved.A multistage endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine(ENICE)system with a finite high-chemical-potential(HCP)source(driving fluid)and an infinite low-chemical-potential sink(environment)is *** multistage continuous system is treated as infinitesimal ENICEs located *** infinitesimal ENICE is assumed to be a single-stage ENICE with stationary *** single-stage results,the maximum power output(MPO)of the multistage system is *** and mass transfer processes between the reservoir and working fluid are assumed to obey Onsager *** the fixed initial time,fixed initial fluid temperature,and fixed initial concentration of key component(CKC)in the HCP source,continuous and discrete models of the multistage system are *** given initial reservoir temperature,initial CKC,and total process time,the MPO of the multistage ENICE system is optimized with fixed and free final temperature and final *** the final concentration and final temperature are free,there are optimal final temperature and optimal final concentration for the multistage ENICE system to achieve MPO;meanwhile,there are low limit values for final fluid temperature and final *** cases for multistage endoreversible Carnot heat engines and ICE systems are further *** the model in this paper,the minimum entropy generation objective is not equivalent to MPO objective.

关键词： endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine multi-stage system linear irreversible thermodynamics maximum power output finite time thermodynamics optimal control

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Minimum mass-entransy dissipation profile for one-way isothermal diffusive mass-transfer process with mass-resistance and massleakage

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2427-2435页

作者： chen lingen XIA ShaoJun Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical Electrical EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China

As a new concept,mass-entransy is one of the twins in the core of entransy *** can describe mass-transfer ability for masstransfer processes(MTPes),just as thermal-entransy for describing heat-transfer ***,mass-entransy dissipation can be utilized to evaluate the loss of mass-transfer *** mass-entransy dissipation(MMED) is utilized to optimize one-way isothermal diffusive MTPes with mass-leakage and mass-transfer law(g ∝ Δ(c),where c means concentration).For a given net amount of mass-transferred key components at the low-concentration side,optimality-condition for the MMED of isothermal diffusive MTPes is obtained by using the *** of the amount of mass-transferred and mass-leakage on optimal results are analyzed,and the obtained optimization profiles are compared with those for MTP profiles of constant-concentration-difference(c_1-c_2=const) and constant-concentration-ratio(c_1/c_2=const).The product of square of key-component-concentration(KCC) difference between high-and low-concentration sides and inert component concentration at high-concentration side for the MMED of the MTP with no mass-leakage is a constant,and the optimal relationship of the KCCs between high-and low-concentration sides with mass-leakage is significantly different from the *** mass-leakage is relatively small,the MTP with c_1-c_2=const strategy is superior to that with c_1/c_2=const strategy,and the latter is superior to the former with an increase in mass-leakage.A combination of mass-entransy concept,finite-time thermodynamics,and averaged-optimization-method is a meaningful tool for optimizing MTPes.

关键词： diffusive mass-transfer-law mass-leakage one-way isothermal mass-transfer minimum mass-entransy dissipation finite-time thermodynamics averaged-optimization-method

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A multi-objective study on the constructal design of non-uniform heat generating disc cooled by radial-and dendritic-pattern cooling channels

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第4期64卷 729-744页

作者： chen chen YOU Jiang FENG HuiJun chen lingen Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China §School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China

A three-dimensional disc model with non-uniform heat generating is built.A series of cooling channels are inserted to cool this disc which is strewn in a hierarchical *** reveal thermal and flow characteristics,a composite objective function comprised of the maximum temperature difference(MTD)and pumping power is *** deployment pattern of cooling channels contains two cases,i.e.,the radial-pattern and *** capitalizing on constructal design method together with finite element method,the diameter of radial-pattern cooling channels is optimized in the first ***,the diameter,angle coefficient and length coefficient of dendritic-pattern cooling channels are three degrees-of-freedom to be stepwise optimized at different heat generating ***,NSGA-II algorithm is introduced into the multiobjective *** obtaining its Pareto optimal solution set,Topsis method is invoked to yield the optimal solutions under given weighted *** heat generation over the entire body and the volume ratio of cooling channels operate as the primary *** on these premises,constructal design will be stepwise performed by varying three *** obtained results state that more heating components or devices should be installed as close to the cooling water inlet as *** can further reduce MTD at the same cost of pumping power,thereby improve thermal and flow performance and prolong the lifespan of *** optimized with two degrees-of-freedom,the MTD is reduced by 18.6%compared with the counterpart obtained from single degree-of-freedom optimization,while the pumping power is increased by 59.8%.As optimized with three degrees-of-freedom,the MTD is decreased by 6.2%compared with the counterpart from two degrees-of-freedom optimization,while the pumping power is increased by 3.0%.It is manifest that when two sub-objectives form a composite objective,the performance improvement of one sub-

关键词： constructal law non-uniform heat generating disc heat convection cooling channels multi-objective optimization generalized thermodynamic optimization

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Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of an Irreversible Maisotsenko-Diesel Cycle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第4期28卷 659-668页

作者： ZHU Fuli chen lingen WANG Wenhua College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

So far,Maisotsenko cycle has been applied to many fields such as heating ventilation and air-conditioning,power industry,chemical production,and so on.A lot of researches about classical thermodynamic analyses of Maisotsenko cycle have been made.A new cycle model of combined Diesel and Maisotsenko cycles considering heat transfer loss(HTL),piston friction loss(PFL)and internal irreversible loss(IIL)was proposed in this *** using the finite time thermodynamic(FTT)theory,the power and efficiency performances of the Maisotsenko-Diesel cycle(MDC)were *** of mass flow rate(MFR)of water injection in the Maisotsenko air saturator(MAS)and the other parameters related to the design of Diesel engine on the optimal cycle performances were ***,it was testified that irreversible MDC was superior than conventional irreversible Diesel cycle in both power output and thermal *** results can expand the application of Maisotsenko cycle(M-cycle)and provide some theoretical guidelines for the practical devices.

关键词： Maisotsenko-Diesel cycle finite-time thermodynamics power output thermal efficiency performance optimization

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Thermodynamic analyses and optimization for thermoelectric devices:The state of the arts

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第3期59卷 442-455页

作者： chen lingen MENG FanKai SUN FengRui Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Naval University of Engineering Military Key Laboratory for Naval Ship Power Engineering Naval University of Engineering College of Power Engineering Naval University of Engineering

Thermoelectric effect is the most efficient way to convert electric energy directly from the temperature gradient. Thermoelectric effect-based power generation, cooling and heating devices are solid-stated, environmentally friendly, reliable, long-lived, easily maintainable, and easy to achieve miniaturization and integration. So they have unparalleled advantages in the aerospace, vehicle industry, waste heat recovery, electronic cooling, etc. This paper reviews the progress in thermodynamic analyses and optimizations for single- and multiple-element, single- and multiple-stage, and combined thermoelectric generators, thermoelectric refrigerators and thermoelectric heat pumps, especially in the aspects of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and finite time thermodynamics. It also discusses the developing trends of thermoelectric devices, such as the heat sources of thermoelectric generators, multi-stage thermoelectric devices, combined thermoelectric devices, and heat transfer enhancement of thermoelectric devices.

关键词： thermoelectrics power generation refrigeration heat pumping non-equilibrium thermodynamics finite time thermo-dynamics

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Constructal entransy dissipation rate minimization for X-shaped vascular networks

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第12期62卷 2195-2203页

作者： FENG HuiJun chen lingen XIE ZhiHui Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033.China

Combining with entransy theory, constructal designs of the X-shaped vascular networks(XSVNs) are implemented with fixed total tube volumes of the XSVNs. The entransy dissipation rates(EDRs) of the XSVNs are minimized, and the optimal constructs of the XSVNs are derived. Comparison of the optimal constructs of the XSVNs with two optimization objectives(EDR minimization and entropy generation rate(EGR) minimization) is conducted. It is found that when the dimensionless mass flow rate(DMFR) is small, the optimal diameter ratio of the elemental XSVN derived by EDR minimization is different from that derived by EGR minimization. For the multilevel XSVN, when the DMFR is 100, compared the XSVN with the corresponding H-shaped vascular network(HSVN), the dimensionless EDRs of the elemental, second and fourth order XSVNs are reduced by 26.39%, 15.34% and 9.81%, respectively. Compared with the entransy dissipation number(EDN) of the second order XSVN before angle optimization, the EDN after optimization is reduced by 26.15%, which illustrates that it is significant to conduct angle optimization of the XSVN. Entransy theory is applied into the constructal design of the vasculature with heat transfer and fluid flow in this paper, which provides new directions for the vasculature designs.

关键词： constructal theory entransy theory X-shaped vascular networks generalized thermodynamic optimization

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Performance optimization of three-terminal energy selective electron generators

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第8期64卷 1641-1652页

作者： QIU SuSu DING ZeMin chen lingen GE YanLin Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430033China

The energy selective electron device works among electron reservoirs with different temperatures and chemical *** obey the Fermi-Dirac distribution,and with the help of resonant filters,a part of electrons with specific energy levels can tunnel among reservoirs and provide current to an external ***,an irreversible three-terminal energy selective electron generator model is *** statistical mechanics and finite-time-thermodynamics,analytical expressions of power and efficiency are derived,and the optimal performance of the device is *** show that the central energy level difference of filters,the chemical potential difference of low-temperature reservoirs,the interval of mean-central-energy-level of filters and the mean-chemical-potential of low-temperature reservoirs can be optimized to maximize power and *** the basis of power and efficiency analyses,performance characteristics under different objective functions,including efficient power and ecological function,are discussed and the corresponding optimal performance regions are *** relationship between the entropy generation rate and the efficiency is investigated,and it is shown that the minimum-entropy-generation-state does not coincide with the maximum-efficiency-state.

关键词： finite-time-thermodynamics three-terminal energy selective electron generator power efficiency efficient power ecological function

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Constructal design of a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel in a three-dimensional electronic device

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1381-1390页

作者： ZHANG JiWen FENG HuiJun chen lingen GE YanLin Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430033China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment Wuhan430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China

Based on constructal theory,a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel model in a three-dimensional electronic device(TDED)is established with R134a as the cooling *** on the minimization of a complex function(CF)composed of linear weighting sum of maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption,constructal design of the TDED is conducted first;and then,maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption are minimized by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II *** results reveal that there exist an optimal mass flow rate(0.0012 kg/s)and a quadratic optimal aspect ratio(AR)(0.39)of the microchannel which lead to quadratic minimum CF(0.817).Compared with the original value,the CF after optimization is reduced by 18.34%.Reducing the inlet temperature of cooling fluid and microchannel number appropriately can help to enhance the overall performance of *** using the artificial neural network and genetic algorithms in the toolboxes of Matlab software,the optimal AR gained in the Pareto solution set is located between 0.2–*** smallest deviation index among three discussed strategies is 0.346,and the corresponding optimal AR is 0.413,which is selected as the optimal design strategy of the microchannel in the TDED under multiple *** findings in this study can serve as theoretical guides for thermal designs of electronic devices.

关键词： constructal theory parallel microchannel evaporation phase change three-dimensional electronic device multi-objective optimization artificial neural network

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